US1810768A - Means for periodically introducing pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

HOLZWARTH 1,810,768 MEANS FOR'PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931.

FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jun'e 12, 1929 H. HOLZWARTH 1,810,768 MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT June 16, 1931.

FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 'Filed June 12, 1929 O 4 sheets-sheet 2 Fig. 3

fizyen/or 0/3 n/a V155 June 16, 1931; H. HOLZWARTH I MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed June 12, 1929 f 3 rp i /nren/ar W V G HOLZWARTH MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULENT 4 SheetsSheet 4 Filed June 12, 1929 Fig.6

4 2% "W a, e /3 z w Patented June 16, 1931 UNITED STATES,

PATENT OFFICE HANS HOLZWARTH, or- DUSSELDORF, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR 'ro HoLzwA'R'rfI Gas run, BINE 00., or sen FRANCISCO, cALIroa'mA, A CORPORATION or DELAWARE MEANS FOR PERIODICALLY INTRODUCING PULVERULi'ENT FUELS INTO INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application filed June 12, 1929, Seria1 No. 370,312, and in Germany April 3, 1928.

Means for periodically introducing pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines have hitherto been constructed by pro viding in piston valves annular recesses of definite volume, corresponding approximately to the consumption of fuel in one working cycle,-and placing these chambers, by axial movement of the valve, in communication at one time with the fuel-supply pipe, and at another time with the pipes leading directly to the atomizing valvesor to the combustion chambers. 'The volume of the charging chamber of the piston valve is altered by special means in'accordance with the load on the internal combustion engine. Though such devices are so advantageous in many respects, they also exhibit great disadvantages, owing to the fact that positively moved important machine parts are directly subjected to the influence of the pulverulent fuel, particularly coal dust. The latter penetrates between the metallic surfaces slidingone upon another and forms between them a layer which continually becomes tougher until with increasing friction andconsumption of work of the controlled members an ultimate seizing thereof takes placefwith breakage of some working parts.

The object of the present invention is to obviate these difficulties, primarily by withdrawing those machine parts which slide one 1 upon another, and which are kept as limited as possible in number, from the direct influence of the pulverulent fuel, or, in so far as the arrangment thereof within reach of the pulverulent fuel is unavoidable, by constructing them in such a way that penetration of fuel dust is either impossible or harmless. The present invention solves this problem by providing, for the: intermittent shutting off of the fuel supply, that the tube, or a special portion thereof, serving for the supply of fuel, bears on an abutment lying transversely to its longitudinal axis, while for the intermittent opening of the fuel supply, the parts that are superposed in the shut-off posit-ion are moved away from one another. For this two methods are available. tube or a movable portion thereof serving .for supplying the fuel may be movable, while Either the the abutment may be rigidly supportedin the machme frame, or else the tube serving for supplying the fuel may-be arranged in kinv emat c reversal rigidly in the machine frame and the abutment itself may be movably arranged. Irre'spectively of whether the abutment or the pipe servingfor supplying the fuel is movable or rigidly arranged, the construction of; the device is then effected in such a way that the disadvantages of the know removed from the fuel dust and so constructtitatively measured from time to time, is obtained. It is known that the fuel dust, ground throughout to colloidal fineness, has the property of caking together into solid pieces at a. low pressure. Such pressures already arise when the column of coal'dust is subjected to changes of direction. If the abutment is constructed as a circular cone located concentrically in relation to the fuelsupply pipe, and is freely carried by the connecting pipe, likewise concentric with the supply pipe, and leading to the consumption point, over ribs or the like, the fuel dust flows almost rectilinearly, without any sharper deflection of current, from the fuel-supply pipe into the measuring chamber, and from the measuring chamber into the connecting pipe leading to the consumption point. At no single .point does the possibility arise of adhesion or impact of the coal dust, so that caking of the fuel dust is reliably avoided.

1 iii In adaptation to the varying loads on the internal combustion engine fed with thefuel dust, the quantity of fuel dust to be supplied in each working cycle must be varied. In an approximate manner that might be done by altering the stroke of the fuel-supply pipe or of the moving part thereof. Such devices involve however a comparatively complicated controlling rod mechanism and exert a comparatively high back pressure upon the gov ernor that effects the adaptation. In a further development of the invention, therefore, the movable portion of the charging device, controlled with invariable stroke, for the periodical introduction of the fuel, is. surrounded by a sleeve movable relatively thereto, the distance of which from the abutment, preferably adjusted in dependence upon the engine governor, regulates. the quantity of fuel to be supplied to the consumption point in each working cycle of the internal combustion engine. Hence not only is a very simple controlling drive for the moving portion of the charging device obtained, but also a satisfactory regulating, with a minimum requirement of regulating power.

Now since during one opening stroke, the cylindrical slide valve-like portion of the fuel-supply pipe moved away from the abutment, or the abutment moved away from the fuel-supply pipe, has allowed a quantity of fuel, dividedofi by the position of the sleeve, to pass out of the fuel-supply pipe into the measuring chamber between the sleeve and the abutment, this measured quantity of fuel must be supplied to the consumption point. This measuring chamber, therefore, which-is shut off from the connecting pipe to the consumption point by a referably resilient means such as 'indiarub er ring, an indiarubber diaphragm or the like, which only lets a raised pressure pass to the consumption point. is under the influence of two controlled valves, one of which as a ventilating valve, upon closure of the fuel-dust supply,

drives the measured quantity of fuel introduced into the measuring chamber to the consumption point by inflation, extension or bending of the resilient closure member, while the other, as an air vent valve, allows the excess pressure remaining in the measuring chamber to escape to the atmosphere,

riodical introduction of pulverulent fuels are preferably combined at asingle position when a plurality of consumption points, in

the form for instance of various combustion chambers are present in an internal c0m-' bustion engine. The supplying of the coal dust to the individual supply pipes-may then be effected in a great variety of ways. A particularly simple and compact arrange ment is obtained if the supply connections of ual charging devices is utilized for feeding in order to facilitate the access of fuel dust to the measuring chamber during the next working cycle. The driving air admitted-by the ventilating valve is then supplied to the I measuring chamber through a fine annular gap, so that the divided quantity of fuel dust located in the measuring chamber is carried away in a thin layer by the film .o r veil of air formed, and in this way a fine distribution thereof through the .quantity of air guided to the consumption point and serving as a carrying means is obtained.

Such charging means serving for the pethe various consumption points with fuel dust. Since, however, the delivery volume must be at least so great that at maximum load on the internal combustion .engine the requisite quantity of fuel is reliably supplied to the individual consumption points, there is an excess delivery at lower loads on the internal combustion engine. This excess de livery is preferably returned to the fuel storage receptacle through apipe into which a current of air is introduced in the manner of an injector.

The accompanying drawings illustrate one construction example of the invention, wherein the abutment is movable, whereas the supply pipe is fixed in the machine frame.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation through a single charging devicefon the line'I,I in Fig. 6, on an enlarged scale,

Figure 2 shows the charging device in a position in which the measuring chamber is just filled with fuel dust, whereas Figure 1 shows a charging position in which the fuel dust is being conveyed from the measuring chamber to the consumption point,

Figure 3 is a horizontal section through an individual charging device on the line III-III in Fig. 1,

Figure 4 is a horizontal section through the ventilating and air-venting valves of an in dividual charging device on the line IVIV in Fig. 1,

Figure 5 shows a view partly in section and partly in outside elevation of an lnternal combustion turbine of the Holzwarth type, with the coal-dust hopper and the individual charging devices united into a single piece of apparatus.

Finally Figure 6 gives a front elevation of the internal combustion turbine with the controlling members.

In Figures 5 and 6, 1, 2, 3 and 4: denote the four combustion chambers of an internal combustion turbine of the well known Holzwarth construction. In such internal combustion turbines a combustible mixture is periodically produced, in the combustion chambers, and ignited by means of the ignition devices 5. The combustion gases formed are The volume of fuel' supplied through nozzle valves 6 and through the nozzles 7 to the row ofblades 8 of arotor 9. After their reversal of movement in the guide blades 10 they are supplied to a second row of blades 11 of the rotor 9, and discharged at 12. In order to supply fuel to the combustion chambers periodically, the following devices are provided worm conveyor 15 revolves.

The fuel dust to be supplied to the internal combustion engine is located in the fuel hopper 13. The hopper 13 opens into a horizontal cylindrical chamber 14, in which a The worm 15 receives its drive through counter-shaft gearing 16 and 17, from an electrical motor 18. Into the cylindrical chamber 14 traversedby the worm conveyor 15 there open the supply.

connections 19,20, 21 and 22 of the individual charging devices allotted to the combustion chambers l, 4, 3 and 2 respectively. Figures 1 to*4 show such an individual charging device on an enlarged scale. Thus in Fig. 1, 19 denotes the-connection for an in dividual charging device to which coal dust is supplied from the hopper 13 through the worm 1 5 and the conveyor chamber 14. So long as no delivery of fuelis taking place to the combustion chamber 1 of the internal combustion engine the coal-dust suppl' ed to the connection 19 is kept back by an abutment 23, which bears tightly upon the mouth 24 of the connection 19.. The scaling is effected by a packing disc 25, which consists of resilient materials such as india rubber or the like, and upon which the mouth 24 of the connection bears. The packing disc 25 is rigidly connected by a mandrel 26 and a screwthreaded closure piece 27 with the body 23 of the abutment. The mandrel 26 further serves, by means of the pressure piece 28, for fastening an annular closure member 29 consisting of resilient materials, such as india rubber or the'like. The body 23 of the abutment is carried above ribs 30 by the tubular element 31, which is movably supported in the machine frame. It is guided on the one hand in the flange 32, by which it is connected with a pipe 33. The pipe 33 leads to the com bustion chamber'l of the internal combustion turbine, or to the introducing members connected in series therewith. On the other hand the tubular member 31 is supported in a second tubular member 34 concentric therewith, with the interposition of a packing 35. The tubular member 34 is in its turn movably guided in the cylinder 36 of the charging do- 4 vice. The abutment 23 receives its movement ranged upon a camshaft 43, which, as Figure 6 shows, receives :its movement through counter-shaft gearing 17 from the electric motor 18. Now as Figure 2 shows, as soon as the abutment 23 is removed from the mouth of the connection 24 by means of the controlling members 43, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42,37 and 31, coal dust passes out of the connection 19 into the space between the abutment 23, the sleeve 44 andthe closure member 29. The size of this measuring chamber 45, according to a further development of the invention, is to be variable, to enable the quantity of fuel to be supplied to the combustion. chamber 1 at each stroke of the controlling members to be adj usted in dependence upon the load on the engine. For this purpose the sleeve 44 is rigidly connected with the tubular member 34. The tubular member 34 is adjustable in height by means of a steep threaded screw 46, 47 by rotating the tubular member 37, it being prevented by a slot guide 48, 49 from participating in the rotation of the tubular member 37. The rotary piece 37 receives rotation by means of its ring of teeth 50, a toothed pinion 51 meshing with the said ring of teeth, a worm wheel 52 rigidly connected with the said toothed pinion, and a worm 53 meshing with the worm wheel. As Figure 3 shows,-,the Worm .53 is secured to a shaft 54, which has to be set in motion by means of a hand wheel 55. In this manner the size of the measuring chamber 45 can be" varied by hand, For instance in this way the power output of the internal combustion turbine can be regulated. [f on the other hand a speed regulation is to be effected, the engine governor will preferably be connected to the shaft 54. The chamnection 19 with a small amount of clearance,

so as to give rise to an annular gap 63, through which the compressed air admitted by the valve 58 obtains access ina fine veil to the chamber 45. From the quantity of coal dust located there it carries away fuel dust in fine layers, at the same time opening the closure member 29, so that a uniform distribution of the quantity of coal dust in the air takes place, which carries the 'coal dust through the pipe 33 to the combustion chamber 1 of the internal combustion turbine. Figure 1 shows just the opening of the valve 56 and therefore the conveyance of the quantity of fuel measured in the chamber 45' into the-internal combustion turbine. Besides the valve 56 a second oil controlled valve 57 is of a spring 64, under the action of controlmixed before admission with the current of ling oil admitted through a pipe to a controlling piston 66, as soon as the quantity of coal dust in the chamber 45 has been blown out. In this manner the chamber 45 is placed in communication with the atmosphere through the opened valve 57 and relieved of the excess pressure of the compressed air.

The chamber 45 is therefore prepared forthe next charge. As Figures 1 and'3 show, the

cam shaft 43 is supported in a bearin bracket 67, on the casing 68, which unites a l the individual charging devices into one block.

The controlling levers 40 and 41 are rotat ably pivoted by means of a journal 69 to one cheek 70 of the charging cylinder 36. Recesses 71 and 72 :enable the control levers 40 and 41 to be attached to the slip ring 42. A shaft 73 carrying the toothed pinion 51 and the worm wheel 52 is supported in bearing shoulders 74 and 7 5 of the charging c linder 36 and of the flange 32 respective y. Similarly the worm shaft 54 is supported in bearing brackets 6 and 77 on the casing 68. The entire charging block is covered at the top by a casing plate 78. rThB quantity of coal dust which is supplied bymeans of the worm 15 to the connections 19, 20,21 and 22 of theindividual charging devices and not completely takenup by them finally passes to the end of the cylindrical worm guide 14, and thereby into a pipe 79. The pipe 79 returns the excess coal dust to the hopper.13. In order. that the conveyance of the coal dust may be effected even against the action of gravity, an injector nozzle is interposed in the pipe line at 80, and is supplied with compressed air by a pipe 81.

The cam shaft 43 serves at the same time, through a pair of bevel wheels 82 and 83, for controllin the distributor 84. The latter consists o a revolving rotary slide valve 85, the interior of which is provided with oil under pressure from a tank 86. To the tank 86, oil under pressure is supplied by an oil pump through a pipe 87. The rotary slide ,valve 85, at definite-times which are determined in advance by recesses 88 arranged in various ways in a circle, places the pipe connections 89, 90, 91, 65 and 59. in communication with the corresponding connections 89, 90, 91, 65 and 59 of the nozzle valves 6, the charging valves 92, the valves arranged in the latter and controlling the injection of, ignition fuel, and the ventilating and air-vent: ing valves. The charging air is supplied to the charging valve 92 though a pipe 93.

' From the pipe 93 the charging air passes into the space 94 outside avalve cage 96 surrounding the charging air valve and provided with brake nozzles 95. Through the brake nozzles charging air enters the interior of the valve and is either admitted directly through the correspondingly opened valve-closing member 97 into the combustion chamber or is The apparatus described operates in the following manner Since the combustion chamber'l has to let the combustion gases pass through the nozzle valve 6to the rotor, charging air passes through the opened charging air valve 97 1nto the combustion chamber and drives out before it the residual burnt gas through the Widely opened nozzle valve 6. As soon as the last particles of burnt gas'have left the nozzle valve, the latter closes under the action of the controlling oil correspondingly admitted through the pipe 89. The ventilating valve 56 then opens in the associated charging device, so thatthe quantity of coal dust pre;

viously admitted into the correspondingly here 43, 38, 39, 40, 41 and 31 having removed itself from the connection 19. Coal dust can then pass through the connection 19 into the measuring chamber between the sleeve 44, the abutment 23 "and'the closure member 29. The compressed air admitted by means of coal dust and air supplied through the pipe the annular cylinder 63 carries away the the quantity of coal dust located in the measuring chamber 45 in a fine layer, so that the quantity of coal dust is finely distributed in the carrying air. A further distribution occurs in the interior of the valve 92 by mixing with the charging air. The combustible mixture formed in this manner in the combustion chamber is introduced throughlthe pipe 98 into the charging air valve and controlled as regards its admission to the combustion chamber by means of the controlling oil pipe 91, and made capable of ignition. Immediately after the introduction of the igniting fuel, the ignition of the contents ofthe chamber is effected by the sparking plugs 5. The nozzle valve 6 is thrown open, and the combustion gases are admitted through nozzles 7 to the rotary blade system 8, 11 of the rotor 9, so that the latter is set in rotation.

What has been explained for the combustionchamber 1 also applies to' the other combustion-chambers of the turbines.

What I claim is v 9 1. Apparatus for the periodical supply of pulverulent fuels in internal combustion engines comprising in combination a fuel supply pipe, means for supplying 1 the hollow space .of the fuel supply pipe with pulverulent fuel, an abutment located transversely to the fuel-supply pipe and adapted to cover; with its surface the inlet of the fuel supply pipe and to shut off the supply of fuel, the surface of said abutment being con-v tinuous on the side opposite the fuel supply pipe and actuating means for moving the abutment and the inlet edge of the fuel supply pipe from one another for opening the 5 fuel supply. j

2. Apparatus for the periodical supply of pulverulent fuels in internal combustion engines comprising in combination a stationary fuel supply pipe, means for supplying the hollow space of the stationary fuel supply pipe with pulverulent fuel, a-movable abutment located transversely to the fuel supply pipe and adapted to cover with its surface the inlet of the fuel supply pipe in order to shut off the supply of fuel, actuating means for moving the abutment away from the inlet edge of the fuel supply pipe for opening the fuel supply, the controlling means adapted .for moving the abutment being providedon the side of the abutment opposite the fuel supply pipe. 1

3. Apparatus for the periodical supply of pulverulent fuels in internal combustion engines comprising in combination a station-. a'ry'fuel supply pipe, means for supplying the hollow space of the stationary fuel supply pipe with pulverulentfuel, a movable abutment located {transversely to the fuel supply pipe and adapted to cover, with its surface the inlet ofthe fuel supply pipe in order to shut ofi the supply of fuel, a fuel pipe extending from the abutment to the consumption point, a tubular connecting member which is movably mounted in the said fuel pipe and carries the abutment, actuating means for moving the abutment with the said tubular connecting member away from the inlet edge ofthe fuel supply pipe .for opening the fuel supply.

4. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising a stationary fuel supply pipe, a movable circular' abutment adapted to bear concentrically against the fuel supply p1pe and thereby shut off the supply of fuel, a fuel pipe leading from the abut-' ment to the engine, a tubular connecting.

member co-axialwith and longitudinally movable in the said fuel pipe, the said tubular connecting member freely carrying the abutment, ribs interposed between the tubular connecting member and'1lie abutment, and actuating means for moving the said tubularconnecting member to bring the abut ment into and out of contact with the fuel supply pipe.

\ 5. Apparatus for the periodical intro ducmember co-ax'ial with and longitudinally means, a measuring chamber tion of pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising agfuel supply pipe, a transverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from one another to allow fuel to pass and bringing them together again to shut off the supply of fuel, the said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, a sleeve adjustably mounted on, the .reciprocati-n actuating hounded by the sleeve and adapted to be filled with fuel from the fuel supply-pipe when the abutment .is separated therefrom, and means for varying the capacity of the measuring chamber 'by adjusting the sleeve on the reciprocating actuating means.

7. Apparatus for the periodical intro'duction of pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from one another to allow fuel to pass. and bringing them together again to shutoff the supply of fuel, the said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, a sleeve adjustably mounted on the reciprocating actuating means, a measuring chamber bounded by the sleeve and adapted tobe filled with fuel from the fuel supply pipe when the abutmentis separated therefrom, and means for automatically varyingthe capacity of the measur-' ing chamber according to the load on the movable in the said fuel pipe, the said tubu lar connecting member freely carrying the engine, by adjusting the sleeve on the reciprocarting actuating means.

8. 'App'aratus for the periodical i-ntroduction of pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply j..rp ipe, a transverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from one another to allow fuel to ,pass' and bringing them together again to shut off the supply of fuel, a sleeve mounted on the said actuating means, a measuring chamber-bounded by the abutment and the sleeve, a yielding closure fuel pipe leadingto theengine, a positively controlled valve adapted to' admit com pressed air to the measuring chamber, when the supply of fuel thereto is cut ofif, to drive the measured quantityof fuel out of the 9 bustion engines, comprising aplurality of 9. Apparatus for the periodical introduc- L' tion of pulverulent fuels into internal com bustion engines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from one another to allow fuel to pass and bringing them together again to shut off the supply, of fuel, a sleeve mounted on the said actuating means, an annular measuring chamber bounded by the abutment and the sleeve, a yielding closure such as an annular india rubber diaphragm separating the measuring chamber fromthe fuel pipe leading to the engine, a positively controlled valve adapted to admit an annular jet of compressed air to the measuring chamber, when the supply of fuel thereto is cut off, to drive the measured quantity of fuel out of the measuring chamber, in the form of a fine annular veil of air and fuel, throu hthe yielding closure, into the fuel pipe leading to the engine, and a second positively controlled ,valve adapted to allow any excess pressure remaining in the measuring chamber after the expulsion of the fuel to escape to the atmosphere.

10. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent'fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising a plurality of combustion chambers, a separate fuel supply pipefor each combustio'nlchamber, separate transverse abutments, one adapted to bear against each fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipes and the abutments from one another to allow fuel to pass and bringing'them together again to shut off the supply of fuel, the-said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, collective driving and controlling means for all of the said actuating means, sleeves adjustably mounted 'on the reciprocating actuating means, measuring chambers, one bounded by each sleeve, adapted to be filled with fuel from the fuel supply pipes when the abut ments are separated therefrom, and means for varying the capacity of all the measuring chambers simultaneously by adjusting the sleeves on the reciprocating actuating means.

r 11." Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels into internal comcombustion chambers, a separate fuel supply pipe for each combustion chamber, a common fuel chamber out of which all the fuel supply pipes open, a fuel storage receptacle adapted to supplyfuel to'the common fuel adapt chamber, a worm conveyor in the common fuel chamber, adapted to convey fuel from the storage receptacle to the various fuel sup ply pipes, separate transverse abutments, one adapted to bear against each fuel supply pipe, and actuating means for separatingthe earing surfaces of the fuel supply pipes and bustion engines, comprising a plurality of combustion chambers, a separate fuel supply pipe for each combustion chamber, a common fuelchamber out of which all the fuel supply pipes open, a fuel storage receptacle d to supply fuel to the common fuel chamber, a worm conveyor in the. common fuel chamber, adaptedto convey fuel from the storage receptacle to the various fuel supply pipes, separate transverse abutments, one adapted to bear against each fuel supply pipe, actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipes and the abutments from one another to allow fuel to pass and bringing them together again to shut off the supply of fuel, a pipe for returning unused fuel from the end of the commonfuel chamber to the fuel storage receptacle, an injector inserted in the said return pipe, and means for supplying compressed air to, the injector to drive the said unused fuel into the storage receptacle.

13. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels into internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel supply pipe, a transverse abutment adapted to bear against the fuel su ply pipe and thereby shut off the supply of uel, a bearing surface consisting of resilient'material such as 1nd1arubber on the abutment where it comes into I contact with the fuel supply pipe, and actuating means for separating the bearing surfaces of the fuel supply pipe and the abutment from one another to allow, fuel to pass.

14. Apparatus for the periodical introduction of pulverulent fuels into internal comfrom the storage receptacle to the various.

fuelsupply pipes, a pipe for returning un-f used fuel from the end of thecommon fuel chamber to the fuel storage receptacle, an injector inserted in the said return pipe, means for supplying compressed air to the injector to drive the said unused fuel into the storage receptacle, separate movable conical abutments, one adapted to bear concentrically against each fuel supply pipe,*abear- -ing surface consisting of resilient material such as india rubber on each abutment where it comes into contact with the fuel supply pipe, fuel pipes leading from the abutments to the combustion chambers, tubular connecting members co-axial with and longitudinally movable'i'n the said fuel pipes, the said tubular connecting members freely carrying the abutments, ribs interposed between the tubular connecting members and the abutments, actuating means for moving the said tubular connecting members to bringthe abutments into and out of contact with the fuel supply pipes, the said actuating means reciprocating with constant stroke, collective K driving and controlling means for all of the said actuating means, sleeves adjustably mounted on the reciprocating actuating means, annular measuring chambers, bound 7 ed by the abutments and the sleeves, adapted to be filled with fuel from the fuel supply pipes when the abutments are not in" contact therewith, means for automatically varying the capacityof all the measuring chambers. according to the load on the engine by simultaneously adjusting the sleeves on the recipro'cating actuating means, yielding closures such as annular 'indiarubber, ditphragms separating-the measuring chambers from the I fuel pipes leading to the combustion chambers, positively controlled valves adapted to admit annular jets of compressed air to the v measuring chambers, when the supply of fuel thereto is cut off,to drive the measured quantities of fuel out of the measuring chambers,

in the form of fine annular veils of air and fuel, through the yielding closures, into'the fuel pipes leading to the combustion cham bers, and other positively controlled valves adapted to allow any excess pressureremaining in-the measuringchambers after the ex-.

name to this specification;

' pulsion of the fuel to escape to the atmosphere. 7

In testimony whereof I'have signed m -Ns HOLZWARTH.

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