US1810359A - Automatic musical instrument - Google Patents

Description

June 16, 193 1. s. LbcKwboD 1,810,359.

AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT Original Filed Dec. 13, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16, 1931. L. s. LOCKWOOD AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENT Original Filed Dec. 15, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented June 16, 1931 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE LOUIS LOCKWOOD, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE RUDOLPH. WURLITZER MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NORTH TONAWANDA, NEW YORK, A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK AUTOMATTC MU SIGAL INSTRUMENT Application filed December 13, 1926, Serial No. 154,385. Renewed April 9, 1931.

This invention relates to the controlling devices of automatic musical instruments and more particularly organs and similar instruments controlled by a music roll and tracker and having numerous stops and other movable parts which must be actuated during the playing of a given composition.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of a simple and compact cont-rollin mechanism for effecting the drawing and cancelling of various stops and other parts in the instrument through the medium of a minimum number of tracker-openings.

Other objects of the invention reside in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an automatic musical instrument, such as an organ, embodying my invention. Figure 2 is an enlarged side elevation of one of the stop switches or motor pneumatics. Figure 3 is a similar view of one of the pilot pneumatics. Figure 4 is a sectional view of the normally closed rocker switch. Figure 5, is a sectional View of one of the retaining stop action units.

' Similar characters of vreference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In its general organization, this invention consists of a player stop action which is controlled by the note sheet through a plurality of perforations arranged to register with corresponding tracker-openings, and a retaining stop action which operates in conjunction with the player stop action, first to maintain the automatically selected stops or other parts to be actuated on, and second to cancel such selected stops when the next series or combination of note sheet perforations register with corresponding tracker-openings to bring on different stops or possibly the repetition of previous stops with new ones, as called for by the composition being played.

Referring now to Fig. 1 of the drawings, 10 indicates a tracker of ordinary construction having the customary note holes 11, and 12 the note sheet. The manual keys are indicated at 13, each key "having associated therewith a pair of contacts (not shown) connected to wires 14 and 15, the wire 14 leading to the feed wire 16 of the generator 17 and the wire 15 leading to one of the poles of the corresponding electromagnet 18 of an ordinary pneumaticallycontrolled relay action, the other pole of said electromagnet being connected to the return wire 19 of the hereinafter described. When the circuit including one of said electromagnets 26 is closed, it operates a pneumatic 27 in the wellknown mannerto shift the respective rocker switch to on position, its terminals making contact with the usual contact strips 28 which are connected by wires 29 to the electromagnets 30 in the pipe chests, thus bringing the corresponding stop of pipes on ready for playing when the music perforations in the note sheet register with the tracker ducts.

In addition to the note ducts 11, which are connected to the usual corresponding electro-pneumatic actions 11 of the relay circuit, the tracker is provided with a plurality of openings 31 at one end and openings 32 at the, other end, which, when uncovered by corresponding perforations 33, 34 in the 'note sheet 12, function to control various instrumentalities in the organ, such as the stops and other parts, through the medium of the player stop action and the retaining stop action above referred to. The player stop action is preferably constructed as follows y 35, 36 indicate two motor pneumatics which actuate or control the organ stops or other parts to be actuated and 37, 38 two pilot pneumatics which control the action of said moe tors. While two of such motor and control elements together with companion openings 31, 32 are shown in the drawings, a suiiicient number are employed in practice according to the number of stops and other parts to be actuated. Each 01 the motor pneumatics 35, 3G is controlled by any suitable or well-known pneumatic valve unit, that shown in the d rawiugs, comprising the customary valve chamber 39 connected by a port 10 with the atmosphere and by a port all with the exhaust chamber 42; a duplex valve 13 controlling said ports; a passage ii connecting the interior of the pneumatic motor with the valvechamber; adiaphragm 4:5 controlling the duplex valve and a conduit 1 leading from the chamber beneath the diaphragm to the companion tracker o ening 31. Each of the pilot pneumatics 07, 38 is controlled by a similar valve unit, indicated generally by the numeral 47 and connected by a conduit 18 with the companion tracker-opening 32. Both the pilot and motor pneumatics are normally inflated and are deflated when the perforations 33, in the note sheet register with the corresponding openings 31, 32 in the tracker. Vhen thus deflated, these pneu matics act to establish electric circuits, the pilot pneumatics controlling the opening and closing of the motor pneumatic circuits which in turn are connected to the circuits of the retaining stop action.

For this purpose, each pilot pneumatic 37, 38 carries a contact yoke .29, which in the col lapsed condition of such pneumatic, bridges a plurality of contact wires 50, 51, while each motor pneumatic 35, 36 carries a contact yoke or yokes 52 adapted to bridge contact wires 53, 54 when such motor is collapsed, The contact wire is connected by a wire 50 to the generator feed wire 16 while the companion contact wires 51 are connected to the corresponding contact wires 53 by conductors 55, the contact wires 5-1 being joined to conductors 56 leading to the circuit of the retaining stop action presently to be described.

This retaining sto 9' action preferably con o l? a wind chest 57 which contains as many pneumatics 58 as there are stops or other parts in the organ to be actuated. Each of such pneumatics is in communication with the wind chest through a passage 59 controlled by an electro-pneumatic valve 60, so that when the magnet 61 thereof is energized, the corresponding pneumatic is collapsed. The conductor 56 leading from corresponding contact wire o l of one of the motor pneumatics is connected to one of the poles of the companion electromagnet 61, the other pole being connected by a wire 62 to the generator return wire 19. Thus, whenever a motor pneumatic 35 or 36 is caused to collapse at the same time a companion pilot pneumatic 37 or 38 is collapsed, the circuit including the corresponding magnet 61 is closed, and the pneumatic 58 controlled thereby is deflated.

The latter carries a contact yoke 63 adapted to bridge three contacts 64:, 65 and 66 in the collapsed condition of its pneumatic. The contact (it is connected by a wire 67 with the generator feed wire 16, the contact 65 is connected by a wire 68 to the corresponding stop action elcctromagnet 26, and the contact 66 is connected by a wire 69 to a switch indicated generally at 70 and functioning to normally complete the circuit of the magnet 61 to retain the corresponding stop in the organ in its on position and to momentarily break such circuit to cancel or discontinue such stop while bringing on others or even repeating this stop at a predetermined point in the travel oi? the note sheet.

The switch 70 is preferably of the ordinary rocker type, similar to that shown at 25 for governing the stops in the organ, and includes a rock g switch-head. 71 carrying a plurality oi contacts 2 adapted to engage companion contact strips 73. Each of the latter is connected by the wire 69 to the contact (36 of the corresponding retaining stop action pneumatic 58, while the companion switch-contact 72 is connected by a wire 7% to the wire 56 leading to the electromagnet 61 controlling said pneumatic. This switch is normally closed to maintain the circuit through the magnet 1 and thus retain the selected stops in the organ on after the perforations 33, 3% in the note sheet have passed the corresponding tracker ducts 31, 32, a spring 75 applied to the actuating arm 76 ot' the switchhead serving to hold the latter in its raised position with its contacts 7 2 engaged with the strips 7 3. The momentary breaking of the circuit at the switch 70 to cancel a stop that has been on is automatically effected during the collapse of the pilot pneumatic 37 or 38 by the following mechanism 77 indicates a wind chest containing an electromagnet 78 which operates a disk valve 79 that supplies air from the chest through a passage 80 to a pneumatic 81, which in turn actuates a duplex valve 82 controlling the supply of air from the wind chest through a passage 83 leading to a pneumatic 8% connected by a link 85 with the arm 7 6 of the rocker switch-head 71. The energizing of said electromagnet results in the inflation of the pneumatic 84 which acts to rock the switch-head to its oil position. Each pilot pneumatic 37, 38, in addition. to carrying the contact yoke 49 for bridging the contacts 50, 51, also carries a yieldable contact arm 86 on its movable board, which, during the collapse of such pneumatic is adapted to momentarily engage a hook-shaped contact 87 applied to the opposing movable board oi? a retarder bellows 88. The pilot pneumatic is normally inflated by a spring 89, while the retarder bellows is held in a deflated condition by said pilot pneumatic through the medium of the contact arm 86 hearing against it, as shown in a as Fig. 3. Said retarder bellows also has a spring 90 applied thereto for expanding it as the pilot pneumatic is deflated, but this spring is weaker than the spring 89 of said pilot pneumatic so as not to resist its inflation. The bellows has a bleed hole 91 for regulating the retarding action thereof. The contacts 86, 87 constitute the elements of a switch and are included in the circuit of theelectromagnet 78 controlling the switch 70, the con tact arm 86 being connected by a wire 92 to one pole of said magnet and the companion contact 87 being connected by a wire 93 to the generator feed wire 16, while the other magnet-pole is connected by a wire 94 to the generator return wire 19.

By this arrangement, when the pilot pneumatic is collapsed, its contact arm 86 engages the hook-shaped contact 87 of the bellows 88, thereby closing the circuit including the electromagnet 78 and opening the switch 70. Immediately after this action has taken place, and while said contacts 86, 87 are closed, the contact yoke 49 of the pilot pneumatic engages the contacts 50, 51 and thereby closes the circuit including the electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action. By reason of the retarded expanding movement of the bellows 88, it is not fully expanded when the pilot pneumatic is fully collapsed, but its spring 90 continues to urge it to such position and during this period the contacts 86, 87 are broken or separated while the contacts 49, 50, 51 are still closed, with the result that the magnet 78 is deenergize'd and the switch controlled by it is returned to its normally closed position. Hence, when amotor pneumatic 35, 36 is collapsed simultaneously with that of a companion pilot pneumatic, as is the case in the automatic selection of a certain stop or stops in the organ, the closing of the contacts 49, 50, 51 completes the circuit through the contact yoke 52 and contacts 53, 54 and electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action, thereby collapsing the pneumatic 58 of the latter and closing the circuit across its contacts 64, 65, 66 to bring the desired stops on. The circuit thus established to effect this result includes the feed wire 16, wire 67, contact 64, contact yoke 63, contact 65 and thence over wire 68 to the electromagnet 26 of the stop action.

It will therefore be understood, that for a brief period,'the circuit including the electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action will be closed at two points, viz through the switch 7 Oand contacts of the pilot pneumatic 37, 38' and the companion motor pneumatic 35, 36. The moment, however, that these companion elements are inflated, by reason of the note sheet perforations 33, 34 having passed the corresponding tracker ducts 31, 32, the circuit is broken at the contacts 49, 50, 51 and also at the contacts 52, 53, 54, but it is still retained at the switch 70 byreason of the circuit controlling it having been closed prior to the breaking of the circuit at the contacts just mentioned. The circuit thus retained for keeping the selected stop on for the required period called for by the composition being played, includes the feed wire 16, wire 67 ,-contact 64, contact yoke 63, contact 66, wire 69, contact strip 73 and contact 72, (switch 70) wire 74, wire 75, electromagnet 61 and thence by the wire 62 to the generator return wire 19.

Upon the inflation of the pilot pneumatic to its normal position, the contact arm 86 thereof immediately returns to the movable board of the bellows 88, thus collapsing the latter With said contact arm remaining clear of the hook-shaped contact 87.

Briefly stated, the operation of this mechanism is as follows V a When the instrument is at rest, the stop switch motor pneumatics 35,36 and the pilot pneumatics 37, 38 are in their inflated position; the pneumatic 58 of the retaining stop action are in their inflated position; the rocker switch 70 including the elements 72, 73 is closed; and the various circuits controlled by these enumerated parts are open.

Now assume a music roll to be placed in position and the instrument started. lVhen the stop controlling perforations 33, 34 at opposite sides of the note sheet 12 register with corresponding openings 31, 32 in the tracker 10,- the corresponding motor pneumatic and pilot pneumatic are collapsed in the manner heretofore described. The collapse of the pilot pneumatic prepares the way for the operation of the other parts of the mechanism, particularly the companion motor pneumatic or pneumatics, and it functions, first, to momentarily open the switch 70 and cancel or throw off any stops in the organ which might have been on. However, in this instance, the instrument has just been started and therefore there are no stops on and the switch simply is snapped off and on without affecting any parts which it controls. The second function resulting from the collapse of the pilot pneumatic is to close its contacts 50, 51. The companion motor pneumatic being also collapsed and its contacts 53, 54 being closed, a circuit is thus established to energize the electromagnet 61 of the retaining stop action and collapse the corresponding pneumatic 58 so that its contact yoke 63 closes or bridges the contacts 64, 65, 66. The circuit thus completed by the simultaneous collapse of the pilot pneumatic and its companion motor pneumatic includes the generator feed wire 16, contact 50, contact yoke 49, contact 51, conductor 55, contact 53, contact yoke 52, contact 54, wire 56,

electromagnet 61 and thence by wire 62 to the generator return wire 19. The collapse of the corresponding pneumatic 58 of the retaining stop action brings onthe desired ,stop

in the organ in the manner heretofore described. After the perforations 33, have passed the tracker-openings 31, 32, both the pilot pneumatic and the companion motor pneumatic are inflated and their electric contacts are broken, but the retaining pneun ic remains collapsed and the corresponding stop maintained on, due to the fact that the controllin magnet 61 of said retaining pneumatic is still energized through the circuit including the switch 70, which was previously opened and closed during the collapse of the pilot pneumatic in the manner heretofore elaborated upon.

heir the next set of stop perforations in the note sheet uncover corresponding ducts in the tracker, the switch is momentarily opened with the resultthat the retaining stop action pneumatic 58, which has been on is inflated, its contacts 64;, 5, (36 are broken and the stop it controls is cancelled or moved to oil position. The stop or stops next to be selected are then drawn in the manner set forth in the preceding paragraph.

While only two motor penumatics 85, 36 and two pilot pneumatics 37, 38 have beer shown in the drawings to illustrate my invention, these parts are multiplied as required, in practice, according to the number of steps or other parts to be operated. For example, I have used four pilot pneuinatics and twenty motor pneumatics operated by a corresponding number of tracker ducts, whereby eighty stop eli iccts from twentytour tracker ducts have been obtained. Two pilot penumatics have been used in conauction with sir; motor pneuinatics to obtain twelve grades of expression.

This improved automatic stop retaining mechanism is simple and compact in con struction and positive and reliable in operation.

I claim as my invention 1. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having the usual note ducts and two openings arranged outside the zone oi. such ducts, a stop to be actuated, a player stop action rendered operative by the simultaneous uncovering of said tracker-opcniiugs. a retaining stop action operatively connected with the player stop action, and means con trolled by said player stop action for momentarily rendering; the retaining stop action. in operative and then operative during; the simultaneous uncovering i said openings and for continuing to maintain the latter opera-- tive while the tracker-openings are covered.

2. An automatic musical instrument, coinprisin a tracker having the usual note ducts and two openings arranged outside the zone of such ducts, a device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with the tracker-openings and adapted to be simultaneously actuated when such openings are uncovered and covcred, and means controlled by said pneuniatics for successively rendering said device inactive, it active, and then active when the tracker-openings are simultaneously uncovered and for retaining the device active while such openings are covered.

3. An automatic musical instrument, co1n prising a tracier l'iavingthe usual note ducts and two control openings, in horizontal line therewith a device to be actuator pncumatics connected with the tracker-openings and adapted to be simultaneously actuated when such openings are uncovered and covered, means controlled by said. Pneumatics for tempcraril rendering," said device operative when the tracker-openings connected therewith are simultaneously uncovered, and means controlled by one of said pneumatics for retaining said first-named means and the device actua ed thereby operative when the tracher-opcnu are covered.

4:. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tra her having the usual note ducts and a pair of control openings, arranged out side the zone of such ducts, an electropneumatic device to be actuated, pneumatics con nected with said tracker openings, an electric circuit including said electropneumatic device, 2111C. switches in said circuit controlled by said pneumatics, the latter being actuated to close said switches when said pair of traclzer-openings is simultaneously uncovered to render said electro"pneumatic device operative.

5. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a. tracker having the usual note open.- ings and a pair or control openings, arranged outside the zone of said ducts, an clectro-pneumatic device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with said tracker openings, an electric circuit including said electro-pncumatic device, switches in said circuit controlled by said pneumatics, the latter being actuated to close said switches when said pair of tracker-openings is sinniltaneously uncovered to render said electro-pneulnatic device operative, and means for main taining such device operative when said openings are covered.

6. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pair of openings, an elcctro-pneuntiatic device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with said tracker opening, an electric circuit inchuliugsaid electropneuinatic device, switches in said circuit controlled by said pneuinatics, the tter being actuated to close said switches when said pair of traclnropenings uncovered to render said electr -pncumatic device operative and to open sai switches when the openings are covered, and a make and break device in said circuit controlled by one of said pneumatics and normally closing the circuit to maintain said device operative when said openings are covered.

7. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pair of openings, an electro-pneumatic device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with said tracker openings, an electric circuit includingsaid electro-pneumatic device, switches in said circuit controlled by said pneumatics, the latter being actuated to close said switches when said pair of tracker-openings is uncovered to render said electro-pneumatic device operative, and to open said switches when the openings are covered, and a normally closed switch in saidcircuit controlled by one of said pneumatics and arranged to be momentarily opened before said first-named pneumatic switches are closed to render the device inop erative during'the initial uncovering of the tracker openings, said switch being closed during and after the closing and opening of the pneumatic switches to retain the device ope'ative when the tracker-openings are cov ere 8. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having two openings, an electro-pneumatically operated device to be actuated, pneumatics connected with said tracker-openings, a retaining pneumatic controlled by said first-named pneumatics, an electric circuit including said device, switches actuated by said tracker-pneumatics and said retaining pneumatic and included in said circuit, the tracker-pneumatics being simultaneously actuated to close their corresponding switches when said tracker-openings are uncovered whereby said retaining pneumatic is actuated to close its switch and render said device operative, and a normally closed switch in said circuit for maintaining said retaining pneumatic on when the trackeropenings are covered, said switch being controlled by one of said tracker pneumatics for momentarily breaking said circuit and rendering the device inoperative.

9. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-open ing, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point and broken at a plurality of points, and switches controlled by said pilot pneumatic and said motor pneumatic'for closing said circuit at such plurality of points when said openings are uncovered.

10. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening an electric circuit including the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point and broken at a plurality of points, switches controlled by said pilot pneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at such plurality of points when said openings'are uncovered, and means for momentarily breaking said normally closed circuitpoint when said openings are uncovered and at a predetermined time relative to the closing of said plurality of circuit points; Y

11.'Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point and broken at a plurality of points, switchescontrolled by said pilot pneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at such plurality of points when said openings are uncovered, and electropneumatic means controlled by one of said pneumatics for momentarily breaking said normally closed circuit-point at a predetermined time in the uncovering of the trackeropenings.

12. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument,comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated and normally closed at one point and broken at a plurality of points, switches controlled by said pilot pneumatic and said motor pneumatic for closing said circuit at such a plurality of points when said openings are uncovered, and means included in said circuit for controlling the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative to selectively actuate said part when said pneumatic switches are closed and to be retained operative though said normally-closed circuit-point when said openings are covered.

13. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilot-opening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled'by each pneumaticya normally closed switch controlled by one of said pneumatics, and means in said circuit for rendering said part sucessively inoperative and operative when said normally closed switch is momentarily opened and said normally open switches are closed during the uncovering of the tracker-openings, said part being retained operative while said openings are covered by the circuit established by its operating means and said normally closed switch.

14. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a niotonopening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-oped ing, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, a normally closed switch controlled by one of said pneumatics and means in said circuit controlled by said switches for rendering said part sucessively inoperative and operative when said trackopenings are uncovered and for retaining the same operative while the openings are covered.

15. Fillechanism tor actuating and controlling a part of aautomatic musical instrument, con'iprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuit includin the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, means in cluded in said circuit for governing the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumatic switches are closed by the uncovering of their correspending tracker-openings, a normall closed switch included in he circuit of said governing means for retaining the same operative while said tracheropenings are covered, and means controlled by said pilot pneumatic tor momentarily opening the normally closed switch at apredetermined time in the uncovering ot the tracker-openings.

16. hlliechanism :tor actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, means included in said circuit for governing the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumatic switches are closed by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit of said governing means for retaining the same operative while said tracker-openings are covered, and clectro-pneumatic means controlled by said pilot pneumatic for momentarily opening the i'iormall closed switch during the initial uncovering of the crackero ienings and while said pneumatic switches are ope l7. Mechanism for actuating and control ling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a racker having a pilotpening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motoropening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, means included in said circuit for governing the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumatic switches are closed by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit of said governing means for retaining the same operative while said tracker-openings are covered, and a make and break device for momentarily opening the normally closed switch to cancel the operation of said actuated part, said device being controlled by said pilot pneumatic during the uncovering of the tracker-openings.

18. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motoi.'opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, means included in said circuit for overning the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumatic switches are closed by the IlIlCOVQllllg of their corresponding trackeropenings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit of ,aid overning means for retaining the same operative whi c said traclienopenings are covered, electr -pneumatic means for momentarily opening the normally closed switch during the uncovering of the tracker-openings, a normally open auxiliary circuit including said electropneumatie means, and a make and break device included in said auxiliary circuit and controlled by said pilot 'mcumatic tor n1omentarily closing such circuit.

19. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneu matic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, an electric circuit including the part to be actuated, a normally open switch controlled by each pneumatic, means included in said circuit for governing the part to be actuated, said means being rendered operative when said pneumatic switches are closed by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings, a normally closed switch included in the circuit of said governing means for retaining the same operative while said tracker-openings are covered, and means con trolled by the pilot pneumatic for momentarily opening the normally closed switch at a predetermined time in the uncovering ot the tracker openings, including an auxiliary circuit, an electro-Inagnet therein for actuating said normally closed switch, a bellows normally held deflated by said pilot pneumatic and carrying a contact element, and a companion contact element carried by the pilot pneumatic, said element being included in said auxiliary circuit and arranged to close the same to open the normally-closed switch when said pilot pneumatic is actuated by the uncovering of its tracker-hole.

20. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a plurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a plurality of parts to be selectively rendered operative by the uncovering of said openings, electropneumatic actions for governing the actuation of said parts, and means whereby said governing actions will be momentarily actuated to successively render the parts as a whole inoperative when two or more of said tracker-openings are simultaneously uncovered and the selected parts corresponding to such uncovered openings operative.

21. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a plurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a plurality of parts to be selectively rendered operative by the uncovering of said openings, electropneumatic actions for governing the actuation of said parts, means whereby said governing actions will be momentarily actuated to successively render the parts as a whole inoperative when two or more of said trackeropenings are simultaneously uncovered and the selected parts corresponding to such uncovered openings operative, and means for retaining those governing actions corresponding to the selected parts in their operative positions while such tracker-openings are covered.

22. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a plurality of openings in addition to the music holes, a device to be actuated, means for temporarily rendering said device operative when at least two of the tracker-openings are simultaneously uncovered, and means for continuing the uninterrupted operation of said device when such openings are covered and for rendering it inoperative when the same .or different trackeropenings are uncovered.

23. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, and means rendered operative to actuate said part when said pilot pneumatic and said motor pneumatic are simultaneously operated by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings.

24. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, a motor pneumatic controlled by the motor-openmeans controlled by one of said pneumatics for retaining said part-actuated means in its ings are covered.

25. Mechanism for actuating and controlling a part of an automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having a pilotopening and a motor-opening, a pilot pneumatic controlled by the pilot-opening, amotor pneumatic controlled by the motor-opening, means rendered operative to actuate said part when the pilot and motor pneumatics are simultaneously operated by the uncovering of their corresponding tracker-openings, and an on and off device controlled by one of said pneumatics for maintaining said partactuated means operative when said openings are covered, said device being normally on and rendered temporarily 01f during the uncoveringof the corresponding trackeropening.

26. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having note ducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of said note ducts, all of said ducts be ing governed by a music sheet, a part to be actuated, and means for controlling the operation of said part by the simultaneous uncovering of said pair of controlling ducts. V

27. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having note ducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of said note ducts, all of said ducts being governed by the music sheet, a part to be actuated, pneumatic actions controlled by the simultaneous uncovering of said pair of controlling ducts for rendering said part operative, and means governed by said pneumatic actions for maintaining said part operative after the subsequent covering of said pair of controlling ducts.

28. Anautomatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having note ducts and a pair of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of said note ducts, all of said ducts being governed by the music sheet, a stop to be actuated, electro-pneumatic actions connected with said pair of controlling ducts to be simultaneously actuated when the latter are uncovered, and means controlled by said actions for successively rendering said stop inactive, it active, and then active when the controlling ducts are uncovered and for retaining the stop active while such openings are covered.

29. An automatic musical instrument, comprising a tracker having note ducts and a plurality of pairs of controlling ducts arranged out of the zone of said note ducts, and a plurality of stop actions controlled by the sioperative position after said tracker-open- ,IHUltELDGOUS IIIDCOVGIlDg of a corresponding pair of controlling ducts.

30. An autonmtic musical instrument, comprising a. tracker 1] Wing note ducts and a plw mllty of pairs of controlling ducts arrange l out of the zone of said note ducts, a plurality of stog actions rendered temporarily operative the SllDHltflIIGOUS uncovering of a corresponding pair of controlling ducts, and M means for nmilrminlng the selected stop actions operative upon the subsequent covering of such controlling ducts.

LOUIS S. LOCKVJOOD.

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