US1806589A - Hermann espig and wolfgang teubner - Google Patents
Hermann espig and wolfgang teubner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1806589A US1806589A US1806589DA US1806589A US 1806589 A US1806589 A US 1806589A US 1806589D A US1806589D A US 1806589DA US 1806589 A US1806589 A US 1806589A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- espig
- wolfgang
- hermann
- teubner
- corundum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 GDTSJMKGXGJFGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010338 boric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960002645 boric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011876 fused mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/53—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone involving the removal of at least part of the materials of the treated article, e.g. etching, drying of hardened concrete
- C04B41/5338—Etching
- C04B41/5361—Etching with molten material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/91—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics involving the removal of part of the materials of the treated articles, e.g. etching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/16—Oxides
- C30B29/22—Complex oxides
- C30B29/26—Complex oxides with formula BMe2O4, wherein B is Mg, Ni, Co, Al, Zn, or Cd and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
- G04B31/06—Manufacture or mounting processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved surface treatment of articles made of synthetic corundum (crystallized alumina).
- An object of the invention is to provide said articles with a perfectly smooth surface by a simple treatment which does not involve the employment of mechanical smoothing processes, such as grinding or polishing.
- the general method of surface treatment may be advantageously modified by admixing to the sodium tetraborate melt'moderate amounts of diluting substances which are indifferent to corundum, such as sodium chloride.
- sodium tetraborate as the active ingredient of the mixture. It is also possible to use potassium tetraborate instead of the sodium salt, or a mixture of boracic acid and sodium carbonate in proportions approximately corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio prevailing in the tetraborate, or finally even to employ an excess of boracic acid. However, the best results are obtained when pure sodium tetraborate is employed as the only active ingredient.
- a process which comprises treatin the surface of an article consisting of synt etic corundum with a fused substance. containing a substantial amount of boracic acid.
- a process which'comprises treatin the surface of an article conslsting of synthetic corundum with a fused substance containing a substantial amount of an alkali tetraborate.
- a process which comprises treating the surface of an article consisting of synthetic corundum with a fused mixture consisting of an alkali tetraborate and a diluting agent.
- a process which comprises treatin the surface of an rrticle consisting of s nt etic corundum with a Iused mixture consisting of a major quantity of sodium tetraborate and a minor quantity of sodiumchloride.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
Description
Patented May 26, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT; OFFICE HERMANN ESPIG AND WOLFGANG TEUIBNER, OF BITTERFELD, GERMANY, ASSIQ-NORS TO I. G. FARBENINDUSTRIE AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, 0F FRANKFORT-ON-THE MAIN,
GERMANY SURFACE TREATMENT OF ARTICLES MADE OF SYNTHETIC CORUNDUM No Drawing. Application filed June 12, 1930,, Serial No. 460,788, and in Germany February 11, 1929.
The present invention relates to an improved surface treatment of articles made of synthetic corundum (crystallized alumina). An object of the invention is to provide said articles with a perfectly smooth surface by a simple treatment which does not involve the employment of mechanical smoothing processes, such as grinding or polishing.
In our earlier application Ser. No. 426,7 dated February 7, 1930, there is described a method of smoothing the surface of synthetic precious stones, particularly of such belonging to the classes of corundum and spinel, by treating the surface of the stones for'a short period with fused anhydrous sodium tetraborate. Preferably the, moderately preheated stones are dipped into a melt of sodium tetraborate having a temperature of about 750 to 800 C. and moved about therein for a period of, say, 5 minutes. The stones are then taken out of the melt and allowed to 8001, whereupon any, sodium tetraborate still adhering to the surface'of the stones is removed by rinsing them in water.
We have now found that the same treatment may be applied to articles made of artificial corundum in general for the pur ose of producing a perfectly smoothsur ace. Particular advantages arise from this treatment when applied to insulating bodies of spark plugs consisting either wholl or with respect to their head piece of arti cial corundum, inasmuch as a smooth surface of the head portion, i. e., the ortion of the body rotruding into the com ustion chamber o the motor, is less liable to give rise to precipitates of a conductive nature upon the surface of the body, from combustion gases containing metal compounds, such as antiknocking ingredients. These preciptates, however, are obnoxious as they cause short circuits across the surface of the head plece.
We have further found .that the general method of surface treatment, as described in-the specification referred to, may be advantageously modified by admixing to the sodium tetraborate melt'moderate amounts of diluting substances which are indifferent to corundum, such as sodium chloride. In
this manner, it is possible to regulate more accurately the efiect of the surface treatment by means of the borate melt, and simultaneously a lowering of the fusion point of the melt may be brought about. In any case, however, these diluents must be soluble either in water or in acids or-caustic lyes so that they may be easily removed after the treatment-is completed.
Finally we have found that it is not compulsory to employ sodium tetraborate as the active ingredient of the mixture. It is also possible to use potassium tetraborate instead of the sodium salt, or a mixture of boracic acid and sodium carbonate in proportions approximately corresponding to the stoichiometric ratio prevailing in the tetraborate, or finally even to employ an excess of boracic acid. However, the best results are obtained when pure sodium tetraborate is employed as the only active ingredient.
We claim:
1. A process which comprises treatin the surface of an article consisting of synt etic corundum with a fused substance. containing a substantial amount of boracic acid.
2. A process which'comprises treatin the surface of an article conslsting of synthetic corundum with a fused substance containing a substantial amount of an alkali tetraborate.
3. A process which comprises treating the surface of an article consisting of synthetic corundum with a fused mixture consisting of an alkali tetraborate and a diluting agent.
4. A process which comprises treatin the surface of an rrticle consisting of s nt etic corundum with a Iused mixture consisting of a major quantity of sodium tetraborate and a minor quantity of sodiumchloride.
In testimony whereof, we aflix our signa:
tures.
' HERMANN ESPIG.
WOLFGANG TEUBNER.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1806589A true US1806589A (en) | 1931-05-26 |
Family
ID=3421701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1806589D Expired - Lifetime US1806589A (en) | Hermann espig and wolfgang teubner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1806589A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2448511A (en) * | 1943-10-01 | 1948-09-07 | Linde Air Prod Co | Glossing corundum and spinel |
| US2495630A (en) * | 1944-05-20 | 1950-01-24 | Sprague Electric Co | Electrically insulated conductor and process for producing same |
| US2510219A (en) * | 1947-09-13 | 1950-06-06 | Linde Air Prod Co | Glossing corundum crystals |
| US3031342A (en) * | 1959-10-27 | 1962-04-24 | Kertesz Francois | Graphite impregnation method |
| US3218191A (en) * | 1961-10-24 | 1965-11-16 | Glidden Co | Process for painting a fibrous surface |
| US4033743A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1977-07-05 | General Electric Company | Chemically polished polycrystalline alumina material |
| US4079167A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1978-03-14 | General Electric Company | Chemically polished polycrystalline alumina material |
-
0
- US US1806589D patent/US1806589A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2448511A (en) * | 1943-10-01 | 1948-09-07 | Linde Air Prod Co | Glossing corundum and spinel |
| US2495630A (en) * | 1944-05-20 | 1950-01-24 | Sprague Electric Co | Electrically insulated conductor and process for producing same |
| US2510219A (en) * | 1947-09-13 | 1950-06-06 | Linde Air Prod Co | Glossing corundum crystals |
| US3031342A (en) * | 1959-10-27 | 1962-04-24 | Kertesz Francois | Graphite impregnation method |
| US3218191A (en) * | 1961-10-24 | 1965-11-16 | Glidden Co | Process for painting a fibrous surface |
| US4033743A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1977-07-05 | General Electric Company | Chemically polished polycrystalline alumina material |
| US4079167A (en) * | 1974-03-22 | 1978-03-14 | General Electric Company | Chemically polished polycrystalline alumina material |
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