US1800961A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Description

April 14, 1931- J. B. SCHEEL 1,800,961

STEAM GENERATOR Filed Jan. 18, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Jo /v 5. 50951-2 TTORNEYS,

April 14, 1931. J. B. SCHEEL STEAM GENERATOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 18, 1928 INVENTOR JOHN. B. 5095a TTORNEYS'.

w 70 .0 z J m m Fatente JUHN SGHEEL, U15 JACKSON HEIGHTS, NEW YORK, ASSIGN'OR TO ILA. MONT UORPQ- IIIUFT, 0F WORK, N. 331, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK ST GENERATUR application filed January 13, 1928. Serial lilo. 247,579.

This invention relates to improvements in steam generators and more especially genertors of the marine type.

its object is to increase the capacity of tarn'generation in existing units. An ini ase in eihciency may also result in many es. in the application of "Walter Douglas La ll lont, filed August 16, 1927, Serial #213,265, there are disclosed several constructions for protecting portions of a boiler exposed to radiant heat with resultant increase in capacity of the boiler.

In some of the arrangements disclosed in said La Mont application small tubes operating on the La Mont'principle are inserted in the fire tubes of existing boilers, said tubes extending into the fire box where they are exposed to-radiant heat. The tubes used, however, in the La Mont disclosure are of hair pin shape which necessitates a rather abrupt bend. The present invention seeks, among other things, to provide a construc tion in which these abrupt bends are not neoessa-ry, at the same time providing for ready removability of the generating tubes together with a construction permitting proper flow of gases through the furnace while afiording protection to the walls thereof against radiant heat.

in certain marine types of boilers, as, for example, the Scotch marine boiler even in the largest sizes, it is impossible with the,-

present forms of construction to use thefull capacity of the oil burner due to the high temperatures generated and, at present, it is found that about 500 pounds of oil per hour is all that can be safely burned. Any amount in excess of this would too quickly burn out the furnace walls, the back of the chamber or the crown sheet or cause leaks in the tubes. The capacity, however, of oil burners in common use is approximately 800 pounds of oil per hour and the present invention enables this quantity of oil to be safely burned in furnaces now in use, thus increasing the capacity from this fact alone.

By the use of the present invention, also, the amount of air which is now greatly in excess of that necessary for complete combusbox, the view being taken inside the front plate.

Figure 3 is a detail of tributing header.

Figure 4 is a similar view of a discharge header.

Figure 5 is a view, partly in side elevation an intake or disand partly in section, showing a section of a fire box or furnace with t thereto.

I Figure 6 is a front elevation of a somewhat different arrangement of tubes, diagrammatically shown.

'ligure 7 is a side elevation of Figure 6, an

Figure 8 a rear view of the tubes looking from the line '8-8 of Figure 5 in the direction of the arrows.

In the drawings, 1 indicates the supporting structure'of a boiler of a kind in general use, although the particular one shown is of the Scotch marine type. Fire tubes 2 are arranged in three groups or sections above the furnace or fire boxes 3, one of these being shown in the enlarged view of Figure 2.

' In Figure 5 the numeral 4 indicates the back wall of the furnace and 4a the crown sheet. The gases pass-from the combustion chamber towards the back of the furnace,

e invention applied through the fire tubes 2, to theflue 5, the direction of flow being indicated by arrows. Each furnace opening is closed by a suitable door or plate shown conventionally at 6, se-

an arm 9 hinged at 10 to the main boiler structure, Figure 1.

The above are the conventional elements of a. Scotch marine boiler. In such a boiler burn the oil at a more rapid rate and, therefore, at a higher temperature-if this could be done with safety. The present invention, as already pointed out, has for its objects, among other things, to provide for this increased capacity without the usual consequent danger of injury to the furnace walls.

For this purpose, steam generating tubes are placed in the fire box or'furnace, said tubes being designated by the numeral 11. As shown in Figure 1, these tubes are connected at the front end of the furnace to an intake or distributing header 12, the tubes extending along the furnace wall to the rear and back again to a discharge header 13, also situated at the front of the furnace. Preferably each tube is formed substantially in the shape of a U with one of its branches connected to one header and its other branch connected to another header, one branch of the tube extending along one wall of the furnace and the returning branch along an opposite wall, the tube making a bend at the rear having a substantial radius.

Several setsof tubes may be used and in the drawings three sets are shown. The headers are displaced about the furnace ope'ning and may be so located as to form substantially a re lar polygon having an even number of si es, the opposite sides being parallel. As illustrated, the tubes of each set are located throughout their length in parallel planes and are of the same size and shape. This is particularly desirable from a manufacturing point of view) Preferably the steam generating tubes 11 operate upon the La Mont principle as set forth in application Serial No. 213,265, filed August 16, 1927, above referred to, although the invention is not restricted to tubes of this character. Since in such tubes rapid circulation and ample supply of water is essential, a pump 14 is provided for supplying this, the water being taken from the lower part of the Scotch marine boiler, which is supplied as usual with its own water feeding means. From the pump the water passes through a screen 15, thence tov a pipe 16 from which it is distributed by branch tubes 17 to the intake headers 12, as shown in Figure 1. The intake headers are all connected together as are likewise the discharge headers 13 and from each of these latter the steam generated, and any excess water, passes to a pipe 18 which delivers it to a conduit 19 connected to the steam space of the boiler. The various connections are suitably valved as shown, for the purpose of cutting off any set of tubes of one furnace from the system for repair purposes or cleaning.

The intake headers are provided with suitable distributing orifices 20, as shown in Figure 3, these being of the usual La Mont type, and serve to properly distribute the water to the generating tubes in proper amount according to the disclosure of application Serial #213,265, already referred to, that is, to say, each. tube is supplied with water in excess of its evaporating capacity, but insufficient to completely fill its crosssectional area. In the arrangement of tubes shown in Figures 5 and 8, it will be noted that the tubes of one set overlap the tubes of another set towards the rear of the furnace; The tubes. of the various sets,'h0wever, are so proportioned that in the overlapping zone there is sufficient space between the tubes so that the gases may readily pass to the flue without undue obstruction since their heat is, of course, utilized for making steam in the Scotch marine boi r during their passage through the fire tubes 2. This space for gas flow is obtained by extending tubes of the different sets different distances into the furnace, as shown in Figure 5. V

In some constructions of furnaces to which this invention may be advantageously applied, it may not be necessary for the tubes to extend across the rear of the. furnace but it may be suflicient that they extend along the side walls. The intake and discharge headers for a set of tubes may then be arranged as shown in Figures 6 and 7, and the word parallel in the claims is to be 'construed as including such an arrangement. A tube 11 will extend from near the top of an intake header from the point 12a towards the rear of the furnace and back along the same wall tothe discharge header at the point 13a. Similarly, a tube will extend from the point 12b back into the furnace and forward again along the same wall to the point 13?; at the lower portion'bf the discharge header. The tubes may be supported within the furnace by brackets 21 indicated in Figure 5, and the entire set of tubes may be removed from the furnace by breaking the connection from the branch pipe 17 to the intake headers and from the branch pipe 18 to the discharge headers. The plate 6 may then be replaced, the burner swung to position and the furnace operated in the ordinary wa It is, of course, understood that, variations may be resorted to within the scope of the 129 invention without de arting from the spirit thereof and various orms and arrangements of tubes may be used and placements made, all within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed as new is: l. in combination, a furnace, a set of parallel steam generating tubes extending from the front of the furnace along one wall, across the back and alongan opposite wall again to the front, and a second set of similar tubes displaced in respect of the first set of tubes and crossing the first set at the rear of'the furnace, said set of tubes being so disposed within. the furnace that the planes containing both legs of each tube of each set are arranged at an angle to the horizontal.

2., in combination, a furnace, a plurality of sets of parallel tubes bent the form of a U, a pair of headers for each set, one header connecting one branch of all the We and the other header connecting the other branch of all the lls, the headers being located about the furnace opening, the tubes of each set eatending into the furnace, the sets of tubes overlapping each other within the furnace but suificiently spaced apart in the overlapping zone to permit the furnace gases to readily pass to the flue, said sets of tubes being so disposed within the furnace that the planes containing both legs of each tube of each set are arranged at an angle to the horizontal.

3. In combination, a furnace, a set of steam generating tubes, each tube formed in the shape of a if, a header connecting one branch of all the Us, a second header connecting the other branch of all the Us, a second set of similarly arranged tubes and headers displaced in respect of the first set of tubes and crossing the first set at the rear of the furnace, the planes containing both legs of each tube in each set being disposed at an angle to the horizontal.

4:. In combination, a furnace, a set of steam generating tubes extending from the front thereof along one wall, across the back and along an opposite wall to the front; a second set of tubes similarly arranged and displaced in respect of the first set of tubes and crossing the first set at the rear of the furnace, all of said tubes making a bend at the rear of substantial radius, the planes containing both legs of each tube in each set being disposed at an angle to the horizontal.

5'. In a fuel burning furnace having an opening to receive the fuel burner, a series of shaped steam generating tubes arranged to surround the flame and exposed to the radiant heat thereof and connected to water inlet and steam discharge headers adjacent the burner, means for positively circulating water through said tubes, and means for causing the flow of circulatin water to be in quantity less than sufficient to i the tubes but in quantity greater than the tubes evaporate.

6. In combination, a furnace, a steam generating circuit including a continuous steam generating element extending from the front of the furnace along one wall thereof, across the rear and back along the opposite wall,

means included in the circuit for positively supplying water to said element, means for causing the flow of the water to be in quantity greater than the evaporating capacity of the element but insufficient to fill it completely, and means for withdrawing steam and excess water from said element and recirculating the excess water.

7. A steam generator comprising a furnace having walls and a circular opening, an even number of headers located about the opening to form substantially a regular polygon having its opposite sides parallel to each other, and a set of til-shaped steam generating tubes for each pair ofparallel headers, the tubes extending along the furnace walls and having their ends connected to the headers, the planes containing both legs of each tube in each set being disposed at an angle to the horizontal.

8. A. steam generator comprising a furnace having walls and a circular opening, an even number of headers located about the opening to form substantially a regular polygon having its opposite sides parallel to each other,

and a set of U-shaped steam generating tubes for each pair of parallel headers, the tubes extending along the furnace walls and having their ends connected to the headers, all the tubes of a given set being of the same size and shape and located in parallel planes, and the tubes of the different sets extending different distances into the furnace so as to provide ample space for the flow of the furnace gases between the curved portions of the tubes, said sets of tubes being so disposed within the furnace that the planes of the tubes of each set are arranged at an angle to the horizontal,

9. A steam generator comprising walls formingafurnace having an opening, a steam generatmg tube extending along a wall of the furnace and shaped as a U of substantial radius arranged to have its ends adjacent the opening, a pump operating to supply water to one end of said tube, means for causing the flow of water to be in quantity greater than the evaporating capacity of the tube, and means for withdrawing the steam and excess water fromthe other end of said tube.

10. A steam generator comprising walls forming a furnace having an opening, a steam generating tube extending along a wall of the urnace and shaped as a U of substantial radius arrangedto 'have its endsadjacent the opening, a pump operating to supply water to one end-"of said tube, means for.

causing the flow of water to be in quantity greater than the evaporating capacity of the tube but insuflicient to completely fillits Ill 05 cross-sectional area, and means for withdrawing the steam and excess water from the other end of said tubeiand returning the excess water to the pump.

11. A steam generator comprising a fur-. nace chamber having an opening, two headers located adjacent to the opening, and a-set of steam generating tubes extending into the furnace which are each bent to the shape of a U having a substantial radiusof curvature and extending along a wall of the furnace, each tube having one end connected to one header and the other end to the other header, means including a pump to positively deliver water and distribute it to said steam generating tubes, and means for withdrawing steam from the other end of said tubes.

12. A steam generator comprising a. furnace chamber having an opening, two headers located adjacent to the opening and on opposite sides thereof, and a set of U-shape'd steam generating tubes located inside the furnace, each tube extending along one furnace wall, across the furnace, and back along the opposite wall, and the ends of the tubes being connected to the" headers, means including a pump for positively supplying water to one of the headers, means associated with said header for distributing water to each of the tubes, and means for withdrawing steam from the other header.

13. In combination, a furnace and a plurality of sets of steam generating tubes, each tube extending from the front of the furnace along a wall across the back and along the opposite wall again to the front of the furnace, each set being displaced about the furnace relative to the other set so that the planes containing both legs of each tube in each set are disposed at an angle to the horizontal.

14. A steam generator comprising a furnace chamber havin an opening, a set of steam generating tu es havin their ends adjacent the opening and exten g into the furnace along a wall thereof, a header adjacent the opening connected to one end of each of the tubes and a second header adjacent the opening connected to the other ends of the tubes, means for positively delivering to one of the headers the water for steam generation, means for distributing it to the tubes, and means for collecting the generated steam from the other header.

Signed at New York, New York, this 16th day of January, 1928.

JOHN B. SCHEEL.

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