US1895691A - Fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

Patented Jan. 31, 1933 CHARLES A. THOMAS AND CARROLL A. HOCHWALT, OF DAYTON, OHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE FYB-FYTER COMPANY, OF DAYTON,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO FIRE. EXTI'NGUISHER No Drawing. Original application filed February 27, 1928, Serial No. 257,400. Divided and this application filed January 2'7, 1930. Serial No. 423,889.

ing standpoint.

The general advantages which result from these discoveries and the inventions involved, will be apparent from the following disclosure.

Portable fire extinguishers, as heretofore known, are of a variety of types some of which involve a pumping mechanism for expelling the fire-extinguishing fluid and generally known as the pump-type of extinguisher; and other types have some form of chemii cal charge of such characteristics that, when put into use, a chemical reaction will take place to produce gaseous pressure for expelling the fire-extinguishing fluid.

The inventions and discoveries which are herein set forth are applicable to a fireextinguishing material adaptable for use in either of these types of apparatus; and aqueous solutions of such fire-extinguishing agents are not only particularly efficacious for wood fires, but are also highly efiective for extinguishing gasoline and oil fires.

This is a division of our copending applilzation Serial No. 257,400, filed February 27,

We have found that caesium chloride in a water solution is admirably adapted to fulfill the requirements of a fire-extinguishing fluid, and tests have demonstrated that in meeting the present day fire-extinguishing 5 requirements, this caesium chloride has unusually efiicacious qualities. The caesium chloride solution should be sufficiently concentrated to produce a relatively high caesium content to get the best extinguishing efiects.

We have however discovered that the effectiveness of such a fire-extinguishing compound depends upon the metal constituent of that compound, and we have also discovcred that this is a function of the periodic grouping of such metals. In detail therefore, we have discovered that those alkali metal elements which are contained in Group I of the periodic table of elements, namely lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and caesium, when combined with any radical, present a group of substances which prove upon test to have peculiarly advantageous fire-extinguishing properties.

We have still further discovered that the degree of effectiveness of the fire-extinguishing compound depends likewise upon the particular character of the radical above referred to.

We have also discovered that in this group, for the extinguishing characteristics referred to, some of the metals of this group are superior to others; for example, those having heavier atomic weight have a general superiority over those having the lighter atomic weights. Specifically we have found that potassium, rubidium, and caesium when combined with a radical as referred to, and utilized as a fire-extinguishing solution, have relatively the more pronounced efiect; whereas sodium and lithium compounds have a poorer eifect.

e have mentioned above the particular advantages of elements in group I referred to, and we have found that in addition to the chloride radical referred to, advantageous extinguishing characteristics can also be secured by combining the group I elements with other halogen radicals, such as bromide, iodide and fluoride. Also the oxygenated halogen compounds of the group I element, such as the chlorates, have these high fireextinguishing properties. Other inorganic radicals. such as nitrate, nitrite, hydroxide,

and the carbonates including the normal carbonate and the bicarbonate, when combined with a group I element and dissolved in a water solution conform to the same requisites as extinguishing solutions.

In addition, we have found that a comstearates, when combined with'a group I element, have these high fire-extinguishing properties. Other subclasses of the carboxylic acid class, such as the oxalic radical, and the citrate, radical, form compounds with the elements of group I which provide eifective fire-extinguishing solutions.

' It may be added that as to the second type of fire extinguisher above referred to, wherein a chemical reaction takes place in using the extinguisher, these compounds above referred 2 to are particularly advantageous to use in conjunction with appropriate. carbonate compounds for the necessary gasification, for example. with potassium carbonate.

In referring above to the superior or exceptional fire-extinguishing characteristics of these various substances, we have had more particularly in mind comparison with. the present day requirements and conditions which have to be met in the specified tests out- 39 lined by Underwriters Laboratories.

While the materials and compositions herein described constitute preferred embodiments of our invention, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to these precise materials and compositions, and that changes may be made without departing from the scope of our invention as defined in the appended claims.

VVhatr's claimed is as follows 1. A fire-extinguishing medium comprising; a solution of a compound of'caesium containing a carbonate therein.

2. A fire-extinguishing medium comprising a solution of a halogen compound of caesium containing a carbonate therein.

3. A fire-extinguishing medium comprising a solution containing a compound of caesium and a carbonate of potassium.

4. A fire-extinguishing medium comprising a water solution of caesium chloride and potassium carbonate.

5. The method in the extinguishing of fire, which comprises projecting upon the fire a solution of a compound of caesium.

6. The method in the extinguishing of fire, which comprises projecting upon the fire a water solution of a compound of caesium.

7. The method in the extinguishing of fire, which comprises projecting upon the fire a relatively concentrated water solution of a soluble compound of caesium.

8. The method in the extinguishing of fire, which comprises projecting upon the fire a solution of a halogen compound of caesium.

' 9. The method in the extinguishing of fire,