US1893332A - Control system - Google Patents

Description

Jan.` 3, 1933.

V. LIND CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Jan. 29, 1929 4 sneetssneet l V lentin Lind., b9 22d/MMM His Attlore'g.

V133.31333/ v. UND `1,333,332

CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Jan. 29, 1929. 4 Sheets-Sheet Invent: Valentin I irwd,`

by His Attorney.

Jan. 3, 1933. v. L IND 1,893,332

CONTROL SYSTEM I Filed Jan. 29. 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Vig.

Inventor: valent-,in Lind,

, b9 His Attorney.

Jan. 3, 1933v v. LIND 1,893,332

CONTROL SYSTEM Filed Jan. 29, 1929 f1 Sheets-Sheet. 4

Vig?

Y 26 7 24 ii inventori.- Valentin L rwcnl,V by 4 His Atborneg.

Patented Jan. 3, 1933 UNITED sTATEs PATENT AOFFICE ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK con'rnor.` SYSTEM Application led January 29, 1929, Serial No.

My invention relates to systems of control for electric motors and more particularly to -.systems in which a' load such as an` electric elevator or a hoist is driven by the motor along a denite pathway having a plurality of predetermined stoppingpoints.

Heretofore, electric elevator systems have been known in which push buttons have been used for operating the controll mechanism4 for preselecting landings, to which it is desired to cause the car to travel;` to start the car, and finally to cause the car to be stopped at the selected landing. The systems of the prior art while successful and operative entail certain disadvantages. Among the disadvantages are the large number of conductors that are required between the car and the control apparatus, which number oblviously becomes larger with an increasing number of landings. Another disadvantage of the systems of the prior art is that the control mechanism is complicated and involved.

My invention has for an object the simplilication of systems of. the above type and the provision of a system that will be free from the disadvantages of the prior art systems. In carrying out my invention in one form, I provide an electricimpulse sending dial switch on an electric motor driven elevator car for actuating suitable control mechanism Ato start the carand tostop it at a landing correspon-ding with the number of impulses sent through anelectric circuit by the dial switch. y

yFor a more complete understanding ofmy invention, reference should .be made to the following specification in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1

/ automatic telepholies.;l The face of the dial is a view in elevation of a dial switch used P 335,760, and in Germany February 15, '1927s. f

comprises a front wall lof the switch casing, a'stop 2 and a rotatable selector .disk 3.V The d1sk 3 is provided with a pluralityo'f'nl'nn? beredholes which, when the switch isused 1n an elevator system, correspond with the 55 numbers of the landings.

The selector disk'3is fixed on the shaft to which a disk .5 is keyed insidezthe casing. The disk 5 carries at its periphery a spring pressed pawl 7 adapted to. engage a ratchet 60- I disk 8 which together with the notched disk 9 and the gearl() is mounted on the 'hub 11 which in turn is rotatably mounted von the shaft 4. A Wound spring 64 serves to bias the disk5 to normal or rest position. A fan 65 wheel 12 which serves as a braketo limit the speed of the moving parts whenl in operation, "1s driven by the gear 10. The notched disk 9 engages the roller 18 which is mounted on the movable'spring contact lever 14 which 70 carries a contact member 15 at its freeeX- tremity. In similar fashion a roller 17 mount*- ed on the spring contact arm 18, which'. carries a contact member 19 at its free extremity, is adapted to be engaged by a pawl lcarried by the disk 5. The contact'members 15 and 19 serve to close electric circuits when pressed Vagainst their respective stationary members in response yto the movement of the notched disk 9. The operation of the dial switch is wise direction, the disk 5'is alsoturned, the

wound spring 6 put under tension, andv the awl 7 slid Iinoperativelyyovery the teeth of 90 the ratchet disk 8. After being released, the diskf, shaftfl and the disk 5 aremovedin a counter-clockwise direction by the action of the spring 6. Thepawl 7 engaging a'tooth' 4 of the ratchet wheel 8, the "hubll' is-also ro- 95 tated in the counter-clockwise.--direction to-v gether with the notched disk 9-and the gear v imp-arted to the spring lever 14 by the m0- tion of the notched disk 9 and an electric circuit is made and broken at the contact 15 each time the roller 13 is raised and lowered and a number of electrical impulses is thus sent through the electrical circuit, which number.

corresponds with the number of the hole in which the finger was; place-d. Onthe return switch yis illustrated in Fig. 4. Bearings and 21` are attached'- to. a base plate 22. An insulated support 23 for the Contact rails 25, 26 andv 27 is also attached to the base plate 22. A shaft 28 is supported in the bearings 2 0 and l21 and carries the contact arms 29 and 30 on an insulatingy disk 31 and also the two /ratchet wheels 32 and 33 adapted to be engaged by the pawls 34 and 35 respectively, whicha-re operated by the electromagnets 36 and 37 respectively. A `return spring 38 engages the ratchet disk 33 mounted on the sha'ft 28 and is placed under tensionby the rotation of the shaft 28. Upon the release. of the. latter, spring 38'.returns it to its initial position. A hollow shaft 39 is loosely mounted on the yshaft 28 and is turned in either direction either by -the sprocket wheel 40, or by the magnets 41 and 42 in conjunction with the pawl mechanisms 43 and 44. The sprocket wheel can -be driven by the winding drum through suitable reduction gearing. On the hollow shaft 39 an insulated third contact arm 24 is fixed. Each'of the contact railsv v 26 and 27 (which may be combined to form a single rail) consists of a plurality of single points. The corresponding points on each rail are conductively connected with each other as 'shown and their number corresponds with the number of switch positions of the dial switch-or with the number of landings to be traversed.

arcuate shaped member. serves' as a The contact rail 25 isshown as a single AThe magnet 36 stepper magnet for the shaft 28 and the contact arms 29 and 30. Each 'timeits armature is attracted, it steps the time being. Upon energization of the' magnet 37 the pawl 35 is withdrawn from engagement with disk 33 andthe shaft 28 is returned to its initial position by the spring '3 8. The electrical connections of the parts are dia rammatically 4illustrated in Fig, 5 in which ike reference numerals indicate like 65 `vpartsin the figuresv previously described. In

' Lacasse a suitable ,source of electric power 46. Controly relays'47 and 48 are provided for controlling the closing of the reversing'switch 49 for thedesired direction of rotation of themot-or. The control relays have auxiliary contacts 50 and 51 respectively for establishingv self-holding circuits. A relay 52 also provided with auxiliary contacts 53, serves to energize the windings of the control relays 47 and 48 `and a fourth relay 54 is provided for thedual purpose of controlling the operation of relay 52 and deenergizing the control relays 47 and 48 at the proper time. The contact 55 is mounted on the motor starter 56 (see Fig. 6) and serves to energize the releasing magnet 37 of the selector switch' when the motor starter is in olf position. Likewise the contact 63 is mounted on the motor starter 56 and is arranged to establish-circuit-connections for the coil of relay 52 and for the coil of the stepper magnet 36 during the dialing operation.

In the drawings, the car is at the fourth landing as indicated' by the fact that the traveling, contact 24 is standing on the fourth point of the selectorswitch.` The apparatus being in normal or rest position,-

the other parts are all in the position shown lin the drawings. Assuming that it is desired to causethe car to descend to the second landing, the finger is placed in`the hole marked 2 on the selector disk 3 and pulled in a clockwise direction until the linger reaches the stop 2 and is then released. The disk 3 upon.l

being released returns to initial position and j as it returns, the notched disk 9 causesthe contact member 15 to engage its stationary member twice thereby establishing and interruptingan electric circuit to the coil of the stepper magnet 36, thus delivering two current impulses to the stepper magnet whichv steps the contact'arm 30 to the second point on the selector switch and the contact arm 29 to a corresponding position on the contact rail 25. The return of the dial switch to initial position closes'the contact'19 momentarily energizing the coil of the control relay 48 over the following circuit: Positive cond-actor P, contact 19, lower..contacts.581 of the relay 52, coil of control relay 48, lower* contacts 59 of the relay 54, to negative conductor N. Relay 48 picks up establishing a self-holding circuit that may be traced from positive conductor P, contact arm 29, contact 25, auxiliary cont-acts 51 of relay 48, coil of relay 48, lower contacts 59 of relay 54 to negative conductor N. The control relay 48 in picking up also closes its main contacts l60 thereby energizing the coil 61 and closing the reversing switch 49 to establish correct con-v nections tothe armature of motor 45 for the down direction oftravel and the coil 72 (see Fig. 6) of motor starter 5,6 is energized in a well known mannerfto cut out starting li resistance in the armature circuit. The motor starts and the car descends. As the car descends the traveling contact 24 which is driven in response to the movement of the car, moves downwardly over the points of the .selector switch until it makes contact with the second point and establishing a circuit from positive conductor P, contact arm 30', second point of selector switch, traveling contact 24, coil of relay 54 to negative conductor N. Relay 54 picks up and in so doing opens the energizing circuit of thefcontrolrelay 48 with the result that the contacts of the reversing switch 49 are o ened and the motor starter 56 'returned to off position, the motor 45 stopped, and the car brought to rest at the second lndin The motor starter 56'in returning to ofl" position closes the contact 55 to complete Aa circuit froml the posivtive conductor P through contact arm 29, re'- leasing coil 37 ofthe selector switch, contact 55, to the negative conductor N releasin the locking of shaft 28 and permitting it an `,the Contact arms 29 and 30 to return to initial position under the influence of s ring 38. When the contact arm 30 slides off the second point `on the selector switch, the energizing coil circuit of `relay 54 i's brokeii and the lrelay falls back to its initial position.

The operation of thesystem for the up direction of travel is very similar to that for 'the down direction. Assuming again that the car is standing at the fourth landing and that it is now desired to send the car to the seventh landing, the operation will be as follows: Seven impulses will be sent to the stepper magnet 36 of the selector switch by the operation of the d ia'l switch and the con-4 tact arm 30 will be stepped successively over the points of the selector switch until it reaches the seventh point. -When the Contact ing upper contacts 62 and establishing a cirv cult through .the energizing coil of relay 52 arm 30 reaches thev fourth point on the selector switch (one which the traveling contact 24 is standing) and the contact arm` 29 is also'making contact with the contact ra'il 25, the coil of relay 54 will be. energized as follows: from positive conductor P, contact arm 30, fourth point of selector switch, travelin contact 24, coil of relay 54 to negative con uctor N. Relay 54 will then pick up clos` from positive conductor P through contact arm 29, contact 25, coil of relay 52, upper contacts 62 of relay 54, contact 63 on motor starter 56, to negative conductor N.V The relay 52. then picks up closing auxiliary contacts 53 to establish a self-holding circuitand also closes the upper contacts 6 4. When the contact arm 30 leaves the fourthpoint of the selector switch, coil of relay 54 is deenergized and the V"relay drops back but relay7 52 remains picked up.l The dial switch in returning to initial position closes the Contact 19 momentarily to complete a circuit through the winding of control relay 47 over a circuit that may `for the downward direction of travel.

In the. modification shown in Fig. 6, contact rail 27 of the selector switch and its cooperating traveling contact arm 24 described in connection .with Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are dispensed with. In their place the contacts 127 are arranged inthe shaft and cooperate with the contact 124 mounted on the car. The contacts 127 are connected with the corresponding points of the contact rail 26 of the selector switch. In this figure the' motor starter 56, on which the auxiliary contacts 55 and 63 are arranged, is also conventionally indicated' and is set in action by means of the winding 72. The 'circuits andl the reference numerals forthe other elements are the same 4as in Fig.

5 so that the operation can be followed fromthe above description without any ditiiculty.. l

'A knife .switch66 is provided in the car for the purpose of enabling it to be stopped atany desired point in its travel.

Fig. 7."shows a further modified form vof the connections in the car and in the selector switch. It will be observed that the right hand side of the connectionis omitted since it is the same as Fig. 6. In order toavoid the bare contacts in the shaft illustrated in the modification of Fig. 6, cams 67 are mounted at intervals in the shaft and operate the switch 68 in the car by means of the cam follower 69.- The cam Ifollower 69 is a partof the switch 68 as conventionally illustrated in the drawings and the switch is mounted on the car so that the cam follower successively engagesy the cam67 as the car traverses the shaft. In this modication the two contact- ,arms 30 and 24- are arranged to make coniloor when it is `stopped vat another floor.

These pueh buttons control suitable switching mechanism for starting and stopping the motor, and the control circuits are so arranged that-the are noninterfering,i. e., if a button at a oor has been pushed to call the car, and a button is subsequently depressedat another Hoor, the control circuits ,tact with the oints of contact rail 26 of the -selector switc the first of which is Yrotated which were set by pushing the first button l,

vention and have been omitted for the purpose of simplifying the drawings.

Although I have principally described'niy invention as applied to a system of control for electric elevators, I would have it understood that I do not intend that the invention should be limited thereto, since it is equally applicable to any system of electrical control in which a movable load body is adapted to be driven between predetermined stopping points located at intervals along a definite path-way.

While I have explained and illustrated my invention as embodied in concrete form and operating ina specific manner, in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes,it should be understood that I do not limit my invention to the foregoing illustrations since various modifications `will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention or the scope of the annexed claims.

What I claim as new and desire'to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: 1. The combination with an elevator car and an electric motor for driving said car, of a contact device, means responsive to operation of said contact device for controlling said motor to stop said car at points determined by the number of times said device is operated, and car position responsive means for determining the direction of rotation of said motor.

2. In combination, means including a translating device for driving a load body along a constrained path, an impulse transmitting device, means responsive to operation of said transmitting device and the operation of said translating device for controlling the latter to stop the load body at a pre-l determined stopping point determined -by the number of times said transmitting device is operated, and means controlled by the position of said load body at the time said impulse device is operated for determining the direction of operation ofl said translating device.

3. Ina control system, means including a translating device for moving a load body along a constrained path, an impulse transmitting device, means responsive to the operation of said transmitting'device and the movement of the loadbody for controllingv said'translatingdevice to stop said body at redetermined stopping points determined' y the number of times said transmitting device is operated, and means actuated by said stop control means for selectively determining the direction of operation of said translating device.

4. In a system for controlling the opera-` tion-of electric elevators and the like, means including an electric motor for raising and loweringa car, means including an impulse transmitting device land an impulse rcceivin device operated thereby for controlling sai motor to stop the car at a predetermined stopping point determined by the number of times` said transmitting device is operated, and means 'controlled by the position of said car and actuated by said motor controlling means for determining the direction of rotation of said motor.

5. In an elevator system means including i vvice is operated, and means comprising an electro-responsive device controlled by the position of said car and actuated by said impulse receiving device for determining the direction of rotation of said motor.

6. In a system for controlling the operation of electric motors, an electric motor supplied from a source ot power and arranged to drive a load body along a path having a plurality of stopping points, means for controlling the motor including va selector switch for p reselecting one of the stopping points at which the load body is to stop, a manually operated dial switch for sending a number of current impulsesthrough an electric circuit for operating the selector switch to a predetermined position, a normally open electric circuit having a control relay for controlling the starting'of the motor, a contact associated with the dial switch for momentarily closing the normally open circuit to operate determined stopping points, a control relay.

for starting the motor in one direction, a second control relay for ,starting the motor in the opposite direction, a selector switch for preselecting one of the predetermined stopping-points -for the load, a manually opera teddial switch for sending electrical impulses through a circuit to operate the selector switch to a predetermined position and means -tact with a desired point on the selector switch to preselect a desired landing Afor the car, and a manually operated dial switch for sending electrical impulses through an elecltric circuit to operate the rotating stepper magnet. l

, 9. In switching apparatus for the'lcontrolling of the movement of an electric motor driven elevator car in a shaft provided with a plurality of landings, a relay for control- 1in travel of the car in the up direction, an -va relay for controlling travel of the car in the down direction, a dial switch normally biased to rest but operable to a predetermined position to lsend a predetermined -number lo electrical impulses through4 an number of electrical impulses through an y adaptedelectric circuit,- a selector switch having a lurality of points corresponding with the andings and a stepper magnet operable in response to the electrical impulses to move a Switch arm to a desired point on the switch,

means responsive to a condition of the selector switch forsetting an open circuit to the control relay for the desired direction-,of travel, and contact. means actuated by the dial switch when it returns to rest position to close the said open circuit to start the car in the desired direction.

`10. In combination with an electric motor supplied from a source of power, a load body to be driven by the electric motor along a definite path having a plurality oi?4 predetermined stopping points, means f or controlling-the operation of the motor- 1ncluding means for sending a predetermme electric circuit, a selector switch operable in. response to the im ulses to predetermine a stopping oint for t Ve load body, means operable by t eimpulse sending means to start the electric motor, reversing switch mechanism for said motor, and means responsive to operation of saidselector switch for 'controlling s aid reversing switch mechamsrn.

11. In a system for the control of electric motors, a load body driven by the motor and adapted to be moved in either direction along a path -having a plurality of definite stopping oints, means for controlling the motor inclu ing switching means for sending a number of electrical impulses through an electric circuit, a selector switch operated 1n response to' the electrical impulses for predetermining the stopping point for the load body, reversing switch mechanism for determining the direction of rotation of the motor,

and means cooperating with the selector switch and the first named switching means for controlling said reversing switch mechanism to start the motor in the desired direction of rotation.

12. In a system' for the control of electric motors, a load body, an electric motor operable in opposite directionsof rotation to drive said load body in either direction along av path having a plurality of fixed stopping points, means for controlling the motor including switching means for sending a number of electrical impulses through a circuit, a selector switch operated to a desired operative position by the impulses for predetermlning the stoppingpoint for the load body,

and means coo erating with the selectorV switch and the rst named switching means for-starting the motor in one of said directions of rotation and to. stop the load body when it reaches the predetermined stopping point. r

13. In a system for the control of electric motors, a load body driven by thb motor and movable in either direction along a path having a plurality of definite stopping points,

means 'for controlling the motor including a selector switch having a number of points equal-to the number of stopping points, a relay for controlling the direction of rotation of the motor in one direction, a second relay for controlling the rotation of the motor in the reverse directioma third relay normally at rest in one position to energize the first relay and operable to a second position to energize the second relay, a traveling contact controlled by the load body and adapted to be in electrical contact with the point on the selector switch corresponding with the stopping point at whichthe load body may Y beat rest, adial switch for sending a number of electrical impulses through a circuit and stepping a movable contact arm to a desired d point on the selector switch, a fourthrelay for operating the third relaytoy its second position when -the movable contact arm makes electrical' contact with the said point on the selector switch during a stepping operation of said contact arm, and a contact on the dia-l switch adapted to cooperate with the third relayto establish circuit through the operating winding of thev secondrelay to start the motor in the said reverse direction.

14. In 4asystem for the control ofelectric elevators and the like; an elevator car adapted to be driven by an electric motor in a -shaft having al plurality of landings, means for controlling the starting and stopping of the motor including means located in the car for 'sending a number of electrical impulses through an electric circuit, and means responsive to the electrical impulses for determining the landing to which the car is to be sent.

15,. In a system for the control of electric elevators ,and the like, an elevator car adapted to be driven by an electric motor in a shaft having a plurality of landings, means.

for controlling the operation of the drivingr motor including a dial switch located in the car for sending a plurality of electrical imulses through an electric circuit, and a selector s-witch'responsive to the electricalimpulses for determining a landing for the car.

16. In a system for the control of electric elevators and the like, an elevator car adapted to be driven in either direction in a shaft having a plurality of landings byl an electric motor, means for controlling the operation of the motor including means located in the car for sending a number of electrical impulses through an electric circuit, means responsive to the electrical impulses for determining the. landing for the car and means responsive to the conjoint operation of the first namedfmeans and the second named means for determining the correct direction of rotation for the motor to drive the car to the desired landing.

17. In va system for the control of electric elevators and the like, an elevator car adapt- .ed to be driven in either direction in a shaft having a plurality of landings by an electric motor, means for controlling the operation l of the Amotor including a manually operated dial switch located in the car for sending a number of electrical impulses through an electric circuit, a landing selector switzh responsive to the electrical impulses for deterof the motor includinga landing selector mining a landing for the car, means respon- Iimpulses through an electric circuit to operate the selector switch to a point corresponding with the desired landing, means responsive to the conjoint action of the dial switch and the selector switch for starting the motor in the correct direction of rotation for the desired direction of travel of the car, and means including a travelling contact, the latter travelling through a space corresponding with the travel of the car to make successive electrical connection with the v points on the selectorswitch and to establish an electrical circuit through a relay to cause said relay to operate and de-energize the mtor starting nieanswhen the travelling contact makes contact with the point to which the selector switch has been operated.

c In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 10th day of January, 1929.

, VALENTIN LIND.

sive to the conjoint action of the dial switch and the landing selector switch for starting the motor in the desired direction, and means responsive to the conjoint action-of the landing selector switch and the travel of the car for sto ping the car at the selected landing.

18. n a system ofcontrol for electric elevators andthe like, an elevator car adapted to be driven by an electric motor in either direction in al shaft having a plurality of landings, means for controlling the operation switch having a plurality of points, each point corresponding with one of the landings,

a manually 'operated dial switch located in thefcr for sending a number of. electrical impulsesthrough an electric circuit to oper? ate the selector switch to a desired point,. means responsiveA to the conjointaction of the dial switch and the selector switch for i startingthe motor in the desired direction of rotation; and means including a travelling contact adaptedl`t9 make successive contact with the points onthe selector switch in re sponse to the motion of the car. for stopping the motor when the car is at the desired landing.,-

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