US1892384A - Metal alloy - Google Patents
Metal alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1892384A US1892384A US567474A US56747431A US1892384A US 1892384 A US1892384 A US 1892384A US 567474 A US567474 A US 567474A US 56747431 A US56747431 A US 56747431A US 1892384 A US1892384 A US 1892384A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- copper
- chromium
- resistance
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 11
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XRBURMNBUVEAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Cu] XRBURMNBUVEAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003984 copper intrauterine device Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-OUBTZVSYSA-N iron-52 Chemical compound [57Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
Definitions
- the object of the invention is to provide a relatively inexpensive metal alloy which is highlyresistant to dilute mineral acids
- a metal alloy embodying our invention may be classified as a chromium-coppernickel steel Steel. containing the alloying metals specified is known, but the roduotion of an alloy steel that will accom 1Sl1 the object of our invention requires t at the percentages of the alloying metals shall be fixed within well defined limits.
- An alloy embodying our invention contains chromium 20 to 25%, copper 7 to 15%, preferably not less than 10%, nickel 1 to less than 4%, silicon 2 to 8% and carbon .1 to 2%; the remainder of the composition, which ma com rise from about one-half to twothir s of t e composition, being principally iron.
- the percentage of chromium must exceed .thatof the copper and the percenta e of co per must exceed that of the nic el. e percentage of chromium should exceed that of the copper and nickel combined.
- a pre erred composition comprises chromium 22%, copper 12%, nickel 3%, silicon 5% and iron 57%. If the material is to be forged it appears necessary that the silicon.
- compositions containing the alloys specified within the ranges specified show not only good resistance to cold nitric and sul huric acid but they are fairly resistant to'l iydrochloric acid, as is shown by the following examples, wherein. the last three columns show the loss, in mllligrams per square centimeter per hour, of metal at the. acid concentration specified" and at the temperature specified:
- a metal alloy comprising chromium 20 to 25%, copper 10 to 15%, nickel 1 to less than 4%,"sil1con 2 to 8%, the balance of the composition being principally iron; the alloy being characterized by high resistance to sulphurlc acid and fair resistance to hydrochloric acid.
- a metal alloy comprising chromium 20 to 25%, silicon 2 to 8%, copper and nickel combined over 10% to less than 19%, the copper being not less than 7% and not over 15% and the nickel being over 1% and lea than 4%, the balance of the composition being principally iron; the alloy being characterized by high resistance to sulphuric acid and fair resistance to hydrochloric acid.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 27, 1932 UNITED STATES: PATENT OFFICE JOHN L. C01, 01' SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, AND FRANCIS B. FOLEY, OI PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA nun ALLOY Ho Drawing.
The object of the invention is to provide a relatively inexpensive metal alloy which is highlyresistant to dilute mineral acids;
A metal alloy embodying our invention may be classified as a chromium-coppernickel steel Steel. containing the alloying metals specified is known, but the roduotion of an alloy steel that will accom 1Sl1 the object of our invention requires t at the percentages of the alloying metals shall be fixed within well defined limits.
It is well known that high nickel will impart to steel excellent resistance to sulphuric acid; but nickel is a comparatively expensive metal and for that reason high nickel steel is not saleable to any substantial extent for acid resistance purposes. It is known that co per can displace nickel to a limited extent, But not sufliclently to enable the nickel content to be reduced to the de es required to makeits use economical. It 1s also known that chromium, while increasing resistance to solution by nitric acid, is devoid of capacity to impart to steel any special resistance to sulphuric acid, although its use in various proportions with nickel, or with nickel and copper, is known to be practicable, provided the nickel content remains sufliciently high.
We have discovered that if we add a roortion of chromium which is unusually high, but which is within comparatively narrow limits, it is possible to displace by copper a much larger proportion of the nickel than has heretofore been deemed possible, so that the percentage of nickel may be reduced to as low as four percent, and-to even as low as one percent, the copper then functioning, provided it be added in sufiiciently high proportion, to displace most of the nickel. Since the cost of copper islsmall in comparison with the cost of nickel, the combined cost of nickel and copper is'low; and since ferro-chromium is comparatively inexpensive, it is possible to produce an acid resistance alloy steel at a costlieretofore considered impossible, while Application filed October 7, 1981. Serial No. 567,474.
at the same time imparting to the alloy steel a high resistance to dilute sulphuric and hydroghloric acids and a fair resistance to nitric aci An alloy embodying our invention contains chromium 20 to 25%, copper 7 to 15%, preferably not less than 10%, nickel 1 to less than 4%, silicon 2 to 8% and carbon .1 to 2%; the remainder of the composition, which ma com rise from about one-half to twothir s of t e composition, being principally iron. The percentage of chromium must exceed .thatof the copper and the percenta e of co per must exceed that of the nic el. e percentage of chromium should exceed that of the copper and nickel combined.
A pre erred composition comprises chromium 22%, copper 12%, nickel 3%, silicon 5% and iron 57%. If the material is to be forged it appears necessary that the silicon.
be below 6%.
Compositions containing the alloys specified within the ranges specified show not only good resistance to cold nitric and sul huric acid but they are fairly resistant to'l iydrochloric acid, as is shown by the following examples, wherein. the last three columns show the loss, in mllligrams per square centimeter per hour, of metal at the. acid concentration specified" and at the temperature specified:
GMn s1 Ni Gr on 3% 2 93 95 24145 2.64 4.25 21.80 11.75 so r. H01 .055 .220 .490 o ENG; .011 .130 40 .10 .45 ass 3.38 21.50 v.as{,% 5:38:
What ,we claim is: 1. A metal alloy comprising chromium 20 to 25%, copper 10 to 15%, nickel 1 to less than 4%,"sil1con 2 to 8%, the balance of the composition being principally iron; the alloy being characterized by high resistance to sulphurlc acid and fair resistance to hydrochloric acid.
2. A metal alloy comprising chromium 20 to 25%, silicon 2 to 8%, copper and nickel combined over 10% to less than 19%, the copper being not less than 7% and not over 15% and the nickel being over 1% and lea than 4%, the balance of the composition being principally iron; the alloy being characterized by high resistance to sulphuric acid and fair resistance to hydrochloric acid.
In testimony of which invention, we have hereunto set our hands, at Philadelphia, Pa., on this first day of October, 1931.
JOHN L. COX.
FRANCIS B. FOLEY.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US567474A US1892384A (en) | 1931-10-07 | 1931-10-07 | Metal alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US567474A US1892384A (en) | 1931-10-07 | 1931-10-07 | Metal alloy |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1892384A true US1892384A (en) | 1932-12-27 |
Family
ID=24267306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US567474A Expired - Lifetime US1892384A (en) | 1931-10-07 | 1931-10-07 | Metal alloy |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1892384A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3839100A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1974-10-01 | K Ota | Low nickel high-strength silicon steel |
-
1931
- 1931-10-07 US US567474A patent/US1892384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3839100A (en) * | 1973-04-16 | 1974-10-01 | K Ota | Low nickel high-strength silicon steel |
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