US1887214A - Regenerative coke oven - Google Patents

Description

Nov; 8, 1932;.

REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN Filed Feb. 17, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 14 iv-Hazel:

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Nov; 8, 1932; c. OTTO 1,887,214

RGENERATIVE COKE OVEN Filed Feb. 17, 1925 2 shets-sheet 2 A'VTOR Y Patented Nev.` s, 1932 UNITED STATES CARL OTTO, OF BOCHUM, GERMANY REGENERATIVE COX-E OVEN Application 'mea February My invention relates to regenerative coke ovens and more particularly to such ovens which may be heated with either rich or lean asand in which the heating flues are divided into groups, the inner groups of fiues pref` erably comprising respectively more than two heating ues.

One of the Aobjects of my invention is to so group the heating iues of each heating wall of a horizontally elongated oven (the oven chamber having two opposite horizontally ex` tending heating walls) and to combine the groups of regenerators with the groups of heating flues, the regenerators extending at a lower level longitudinally of the oven chambers, that preheated air or preheated air and gas may be sup lied by accessible, regulatable conduits, and urned in the heating flues in such a way as to reduce the length of the path `of travel of the heating fiames, and also make it possible to regulate the amount of heat supplied to different groups of flues along the heating wall'.

To accomplish these results, the inner groups of flues contain, respectively, a-plurality of iues which are connected at their top ends at the bottom of each of which gas is supplied at intervals, there being a plurality of vertical lues in each group, the groups ofa heating wall being arranged in pairs side by side and there being morethan one groupin` each half of the interior of the oven heating wall. The regenerators are arranged in` rows to supply preheated air or preheated air and gas' at the bottoms of the flues so as to cause the burning gases to flow upwardly in the same direction in the lues -of adjacent interior groups of one half ofl the wall, the burning gases and products of combustion from one of the interior groups, being discharged into the other adjacent interior regenerator ofthe row. On reversal, the direction of How thru the group of lues is reversed.

In the form of the invention illustrated, I provide a fewer number of regenerators extending longitudinally of the heating walls than there are groups of heating fiues inthe wall, some of the regenerators supplying at least two groups of fiues. Air and gas are 17, 1925. Serial No. 9,787.

supplied to their respective regenerators from the accessible outside by means ofconduits connecting the regenerators with the outside faces of the oven, where the gas and airsupply can bev easily and ac cessibly regulated. Rich unheated gas may be introduced by accessible underburners located in passages beneath the oven.

Furthermore, in consequence of the reduction in pressure necessary to force the burning gases along the heating walls, the dif- ,ference in pressure that exists between the burning gasy in the heating walls and the gas in the oven chamber, is very much reduced. This avoids leakage between the walls and the oven chambers. The output of the oven can be greatly increased and larger amounts of heating gas iames can pass in short (paths thru the iues of the heating walls without introducing a large difference in pressurebetween the inlet and outlet of the iiames. With the ordinary horizontal oven in which the heating wall is divided into two halves, such great diii'erence in pressure occurs between the iame inlet and the ame outlet halves of the heating wall, that it is practically impossible to secure the same pressure in the oven chamber as in the heating walls and leakage between the oven chamber and the wall is, consequently, increased.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consists in the parts, improvements'and combinations more fully pointed out hereinafter.

' Referring now to the drawings, which il- 85 lustr'te two embodiments of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section passing thru the heating wall and showing the heating iiues divided into groups and the regenerators below the fines divided into related groups. v

Fig. 2 is a'vertical cross-section on line 2 2 of Fig. l. v Fig. 3 is a horizontal section online 3-3 of Fig. 1. 95

Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section passing thru a heating wall, showing a different embodiment of the invention.

of Fig. 4.

ess number of groups may be utilized.

Group 7, comprises .lues 7a, 7b; group 8, heating iiues 8a, 8b, 8c group 9 heating flues iiues 9a', 9b, 9o; group 10, heating lues 10a, 10b7 10c; group 11, heating iiues 11a, 11b, 110 and group 12 comprises heating ues 12a,

When, for example, the iue groups 8, 9 and 12, burn upwardly, then groups 7,10 and 11, burn downwardly and vice versa. In accordance with the invention and to supply the heating gases to the groups so as to preserve the flow as described, a smaller number of regenerator groups are provided than there are iue groups. 1n the best embodiment of the invention, a regenerator is supplied for each two groups of lues in the interior of the oven, there being one regenerator for each exterior group of iues at the ends of the oven. As illustrated in Fig. 1, only four groups of regenerators extending lengthwise of the oven chambers, are used, see groups 3, 1, 3a, 1a, when making use of the above number of six groups of heating dues: When the regenerators 1, 1a, see Fig. 1, are being fed upwardly thru pipes 100, 101, and connected passageways, one of which may be provided with inclined gas deilecting bottom 303, then regenerators 3, 3a, are being supplied downwardly with oit-heat, discharged at 102, 103. Each Hue directly communicates with its regenerator by a transverse passage 30.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, two rows of gas regenerators, running lengthwise of the oven chamber are utilized foreach pair of heating walls of an oven chamber. Preheated air is supplied by two rows of air regenerators, one for each heating wall. When the regenerators 1, 1a, of adjacent rows, are used for preheating gas, see Fig. 1, the regenerators 2, 2a, are used for preheating the air. The re enerators 3, 3a, and 4, 4a, are then supplie with waste heat. Upon reversal, the regenerators 3,*3a of the gas rows, are supplied with gas, and 4, 4a, of the air rows, with air, whereas the regenerators 1, 1a, and 2, 2a, are then supplied with waste heat. Partition walls 1b, running crosswise of the oven chambers, divide the regenerators into goups so that the burning gases may be disc arged from one group intov the adjacent group and regenerator and dividing walls 1a, ma be used to separate the flues of one group rom the adjacent group.

In the above description and construction, I have described the oven as heated with lean gas and air, but the oven may be heated, if desired, with rich gas. In such a case, the

gas regenerators instead of being supplied with gas, are, each of them, supplie with air. Rich gas is separately supplied to each iue by means of a supply system made up of-burner pipes 13 14, which are in turn supplied from the lrich gas mains 15, 16, located in passa es beneath the regenerators. As illustrate each gas main supplies one half of the heating ues, so that alternately each half of the flue groups may be supplied with gas. This avoids leakage of the gas from the regenerators.

In the preceding form of the invention, each heating wall has its system of regenerators. These systems are disconnected from each other. lVhen shutting Adown one heating wall for repairs, one need merely to shut oit' the regenerators and burners supplying that wall. This will not atect the other heating Walls.

A simpler form which, while preserving the advantage of maintaining a low diiierence in pressure inthe heating iiues,.making it possible to preserve a pressure substantially equal to that of the heating lues in the oven chambers, thus avoiding leakage and permitting regulation of the heat along the heating wall, is shown in Figures 4, 5 and 6. In this formof the invention only one row of regenera'tors arranged lengthwise of each row of oven chambers, is employed, for two side heating walls. Each side heating wall is provided with six groups of heating fiues as before, numbered 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20, and, at a lower level than the oven chamber, corresponding to these heating lues, there is arranged a row of regenerators 21, 22, 23, 24. This oven may be operated with preheated lean gas and preheated air. The

alternate rows of regenerators 21, 22, 23 and 24, work with lean gas. The lean gas is supplied, for example, to regenerators 22 and 24, from beneath, as thru passageways 25, 26, the gas rising thru these regenerators and being preheated and then burning in groups of heating flues 20, 16 and 17 ,and descending thru fine grou s 19, 18 and 15, into regenerators 21, 23. ach regenerator is connected to av pair of heating walls adjacent to the coking chamber 27, by means of connecting passageways 28, 29, see Figure 5. Preheated air is supplied for combustion with the preheated gas by means of adjacent rows of groups of regenerators constructed similarly to those for preheating the gas. These preheating air re enerators are numbered 30, 31, 32 and 33, see igure 6. When the gas is supplied as above described, preheated air rises in regenerators 31, 33 and unites with the gas supplied thru burners 34, coming from the regenerators 22 and 24, the iiame then rising thru the respective groups of heating iiues and the burning gas then descending thru the .flues of the other groups, the products of combustion passing into the air regenerators cham 33, 30, as well as into the gas regenerators 21, 23. Each of the air regenerators 33, 32, 31 and 30, is connected'by two sets of connecting passages 35, to the heating flues and burners of the two heating walls adjacent to the coking chamber. y

The oven may be reversed at intervals, in which case the regenerators 21, 23, supply the gas and regenerators 32 and 30 supply the air, to products of combustion discharging into the remaining regenerators.

Rich gas can be supplied to the oven by the underburner system, the gas going into pipes 36, 37, located in accessible passages beneaththe oven, and vrising in the burner pipes 38, 39. If it is desired that the oven shown in Figures 4 to 6, is to be heated only by rich gas, the regenerators maybe supplied with air instead of with weak gas and the rich gas supplied thru the gas pipes and burner' pipes. In this case the re enerators of a row lying in the direction o the oven chamber need be connected with only one heating wall.

Means are provided for heating the ilues of the heating walls adjacent to the ends of the oven, with greater heat than toward the middle of the oven, the end faces of the oven having a tendency toward cooling because of their radiation of heat toward the outside. By these means, moreover, `a large diil'erence in pressure in the ilow of the gases along the heating wall and consequent eakage to the oven chamber, is avoided. The end gas passages 34, in Figure 4, and the gas passages 300 in Figure 1, as well as the air passages supplied by the corresponding end regenerators in these figures, are made of larger cross-section so as to supply more gas and air 'than the passages in the interior of the oven. More gas and more air and greater heat are consequently supplied at the ends of the wall, at the same time preservin a slight 'to this specification.

. CARL OTTO.

difference in pressure in the flow o the as.

: It is not then 4necessary to dam back the ow of burning gases at the top of the ues by `means of the regulating valves 301 of Figure 6, and 302 of Figure 1.

afHaving thus'describedthe invention and its construction and operation, it will be understood that changes may be made in carrying the invention into eifect, without departing from the principle thereof. For exam le, the oven chambers ma be vertical liers with horizontal lues or the heating walls and the regenerators may be arranged vertically.

What I claim is:

A regenerative coke oven battery comprising a series of alternate horizontally elongated coking chambers and heating walls4 therefor arranged side by side in a row, each of said heating walls comprisin and interior groups, each exterior group convertical combustion ilues arranged 1n exterior groups

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