US1885528A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

Nov. l, 1932.

Filed Sept. 5, 1931 H. R. LYTLE SCRAPER 2 Sheets-Sheet l H. R. LYTLE Nov. l, 1932.

SCRAPER Filed Sept. 5, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 1, 193,2v

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HARRY R. LYTLE, OF NORTH SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR TO KILLFER` j MANUFACTURING COMPANY, F LOS ANGELES, CALIFDENIA,A A CORPORATION OF CALIFORNIA SCRAPER Application led September 5, 1931. Serial No. 561,353.

This invention relates to an earth-moving scraper of the rotary bowl type, in which the bowl is actuated from a loading to a carrying position by draft force and in which a locking means is provided for positively locking the bowl in either position.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to provide means for positively locking the scraper in either the loading or the carrying position.

Another object is to provide a latch for a.

cause the wheels to carry the greater port-ionl of the weight of the load while moving to the dumping location, and which will also cause the wheels to support the empty bowlI during the return trip, and which mechanism is releasable to permit the scraper bowl to be moved into loading position to accumulate another load when the implement has returned to the loading location.

In Scrapers which utilize draft force to shift the scraper bowl from a cutting to a carrying position, it has been the practlce to attempt to balance the forces so that the draft force will not cause the bowl to shift from a loading to a carrying position until a predetermined load has been accumulated. To get a perfect adjustment is practically impossible, resulting in either an insuflicient load or an overload being accumulated by the bowl; and also with each change of soil condition, a readjustment of the mechanism will be necessary. A

Another important object-of this invention is to so unbalance the forces whereby the draft force will be sufficient under substantially all conditions of load, to positively shift the bowl from a loading to a carrying 50 position, and for providing a locking means for rendering the draft force ineffective until the desired load has' been accumulated, whereupon by releasing the locking means, the draft force due to its overbalancing of the other forces, will cause the load to be quickly and definitely -shifted from its cutting or loading position to its carrying position.

The invention resides in the several combinations and associations of elements or groups of elements and mechanisms whereby the aforesaid objects and other objects and advantages which will be apparent as the nature of the same is more fully understood from the following description and accompanying drawings wherein is now set forth what is now considered to be a preferred embodiment. It should be understood, however, that this particular embodiment of the invention is chosen principally for the purpose of exemplification, and that variations therefrom in details of construction or arrangement of parts, may accordingly be effected and yet remain within the spirit and scope of the invention as the same is set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Figure l is a plan view of the invention as applied to a wheeled scraper;

Figure 2 is a side view of Fig. l, illustrating the scraper bowl locked, in cutting or loading position;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, with exception that the scraper bowl has been v locked in carrying position;

Figure 4 is a sectional view of the locking mechanism taken substantially along the line 4-4 of Fig. 3 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken substantially along the line 5-5 of Fig. 3 .and looking in the direction of the arrows.

In Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, an articulated frame l is formed by a forward frame 2 and a rear frame 3 pivotally connected at 4` so as to permit a relative turning movement between the forward and rearward frames about the pivotal connection. The forward frame l includes side members 5 and 6 and a cross member 7 forming an A-shaped structure. The forward ends of side members 5 and 6, are forged to form parallel sections 8 and 9 which are held in spaced relation by gusset plates l0 and 11 securely' fixed to the upper and lower portion of the frame members. A draw bar 12 is slidably mounted between the parallel sections 8 and 9 and the gusset plates 10 and 11.

The side members 5 and 6 and the cross member 7 are suitably reinforced by brace members 14, 15, 16 and 17, and the rear end of each side member is provided with a bearing 18.

The rear frame 3 includes side members 20 and 21, each provided adjacent its forward end with a bearing 22 and adjacent the rear end of each side member with a bearing 24. An axle 25 is supported by bearings 24.

Angular braces 26 and 27 each engage the axle at a point spaced from the bearings 24, and extend forwardly and then laterally to engage the adjacent side member to which each angular brace is securely attached. 'Wheels 28 are journaled upon the axle between each angular brace and its adjacent side member. l

The scraper is provided with a rot ary bowl 30 which may include ends 31, bottom and back plate 32, cutt-ing edge 33. Fixed to each end 31 is a flange 35 having secured thereto or formed integral therewith a shaft 36 upon each of which a, front frame bearing 18 and a rear frame bearing-- 22 are journaled, thus forming the points of articulation between the front and rear frame and also providing a journalled connection between the bowl 3() and the articulated frame. It will be appreciated that the mounting just described will permit the bowl to rotate as a wheel during the travel of the implement unless locked against such rotation by any suitable means which may include a stop member 37 ad.- justably secured to each bowl end 31 positioned to engage a stop lever 40, pivotally mounted at each side of the forward frame as illustrated in Figures 1, 2, and 3. As will be noted from Figures 2 and 3, the stop members engage the stop levers 40, to prevent rotation of the bowl when the bowl is in either a cutting or a carrying position. In order to release the bowl for rotation to dump the accumulated load, the stop levers 40 are actuated out of engagement with the stop members 37 by means of a crankshaft 41 extending transversely of frame 2 and journaled thereto by. means of bearings 42. Fixed to the crankshaft 41 at any convenient point, is the operating lever 43 which may be actuated by means of the rope 44. Each end of shaft 41 is provided with a crank arm 45 and the upper end of each crank arm is connected to one of the stop levers 40 by means of links 46. The operator, by pulling upon the rope 44, will swing the operating lever 43 to thereby rotate the crankshaft 41, and through the crank arms 45 and links 46 rock the stop levers 40 out of engagement with the bowl stops 37, whereupon bowl 30 will rotate as a wheel to dumping position. When it is desired to spread the load, stops 38 may be positioned upon the bowl ends to engage the stop levers 40 when the bowl has rotated to a spreading position. To release the bowl from the spreading position, the operator may swing the stop levers out of engagement with the spreading stops by again pulling upon the rope 44. When it is desired to deposit the load in a pile, the operator holds the stop levers 40 in their retracted position until the spreading stops 38 have passed by the stop levers, thus permitting the bowl to make a complete revolution. A spring means 47 may be provided at each side of the implement and eachof said spring means 47 having one end connected to the upper end of a stop lever 40 and its other end connected to a forward frame member yieldingly retains the stop levers 40 in position to engage the stops 37 and 38. Runners 39 may be provided at each end of the bowl to support the bowl during the spreading operation, and projections 39a may be likewise fixed to each end of the bowl to facilitate turning the bowl through a complete revolution.

The mechanism for shifting the bowl from a loading or digging position to a carrying position, includes the draw bar 12 slidably mounted in the forward end of the front frame 2 as previously described. The forward end of the sliding draw bar 12 is adapted to be coupled to a tractor while to the rear end thereof one end of the. adjustable link 50 is pivotally connected. The rear end of the adjustable link is pivotally connected to the upper end of the operating lever 51, which lever is fixed to the crankshaft 52 intermediate the ends thereof. The crankshaft 52 extends transversely of the frame 2 and is journaled thereon by bearings 53. From the drawings it will be noted that the crankshaft 52 is parallel to the crankshaft 41 and is mounted on'the frame to the rear thereof. Each end of crankshaft 52 is provided with crank arms 54 which may be xed thereto or formed integral therewith as illustrated. To

the forward end of each of the side rails 20` and 21 of rear frame 3, there is suitably secured a depending bracket member 55, while the outer end of each of the bracket members 55 `is pivotally connected to the adjacent crank arm 54 by means of link 56.

To normally and yieldingly retain the sliding draw bar in its retracted position, any suitable spring means may be used such as illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 ywherein two springs 60 are provided, each connected at its forward end to the rear end of the sliding draw bar 12 by means of a suitable clevis 61, while the rear end of each spring 60 is connected to frame cross member 7 by means of acket 62, adjustable eye bolt 63 and clevis formed in the upper edge of the sliding draw bar 12. The bolt 70 is lifted out of engagement with the notches by means of latch lever 74 pivotally connected to the bolt by the pivot pin 75 and to bracket 71 by means of link 76. A spring 77 acts between lever 74 and the frame, to yieldingly retain the bolt 70 in locking enfragement with eitherof the slidingdraw` ar notches. The latch lever 74- may be actuated by means of a rope 78, to lift bolt 70 out of engagement with the notches 72 or 73.

To operate the scraper illustrated in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, a tractor would be coupled to the forward endl of the sliding draw ar 12 and should the scra er be in the loading position as shown in' *igure 2, upon the forward movement of the implement the cutting edge 33 of the scraper bowl would engage the ground and as the scraper moved forward, a load would accumulate therein. When the load picked up by the bowl had reached the desired amount, whether a oluar-- ter, half or a full load, the operator in order to discontinue further loading, would pull upon the rope 78 to actuate the latch lever 74 to withdraw bolt 7 0 from notch 72, whereupon the draft force applied to the sliding draw bar from the tractor being proportioned to greatly overbalance the forces tending to'maintain the bowl in loading position, will cause the sliding draw bar to be moved outward with relation to the forward frame to a position illustrated in Fig. 3, and in this figure it will be noted that the notch 73 is now in register with the bolt 70, and withthe release of rope 78 by the operator, the bolt by means of spring 77 will be 'forced into notch 73, thus locking the Sliding draw bar in its extended position. i

By the outward movement of the sliding draw bar 12, the frames 2 and 3 are caused to articulate about the pivotal connecting points 4 and to thereby elevate the bowl from a loading position as illustrated in Fig. 2, to a carrying position as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The articulation of the frames 2 and 3 by the outward movement of the sliding draw bar, is accomplished by transmitting this motion to the forward end of side members 20 and 21 of the rear frame 3 by the mechanism previously described. y

When the bowl has been elevated to the po- Sition as illustrated in Fig. 3, the wheels 28 will support the greaterportion of the weight of the load carried within the bowl so that less draft force is necessary to carry the load to the dumping location.

To dump the accumulated load, the stop levers 40 are actuated to release the stops 37 as previously described, and the load may be dumped in a pile by retaining the stop levers out of engagement with the stops 38, or by permitting engagement of stops 38 with stop levers 40, the load will be spread.

Itwill be observed that the release of the bowl for dumping is entirely independent of the mechanism for elevating the bowl from loadingv to a carrying posit-ion, and likewise the bowl elevating mechanism is entirely in dependent of the means for dumping the load so that when the load has been dumped, the bowl is retained in its elevated carrying position whereby upon the return trip to the loading location, the scraper is carried by the wheels 28 so that a faster return trip may be made and further wear and tear of the bowl is greatly reduced Where long hauls are being made.

Upon arrival at the loading location, the operator by pulling upon the rope 78, releases the bolt from the sliding draw bar notch 73; and due to the force exerted by springs 60 and to. gravity, the sliding draw bar returns toits retracted position permitting rotation of frames 2 and 3 about the pivot point 4 to lower the bowl into loading position, whereupon the bolt 70 enters the sliding draw bar notch 72 to lock the scraper in the loading position as illustrated in Fig. 2.

While I have illustrated the preferred form of my invention, it is to be understood that the foregoing description is for illustrative purposes only, and I do not ldesire to be limframe, wheels j'ournaled to the rear end ofl said frame, a scraper bowl journaled to the frame at the point of articulation, an unbalanced control means operable by the draft force for articulating said frame to elevate the bowl from a loading to a carrying position, a means for locking said control means to positively retain the bowl infeither a loading or a carrying position, and means for releasing said locking means.

2. A scraper including an articulated frame, wheels journaled to the rear end of said frame, a scraper bowl journaled to the frame at the point of articulation, means for locking the bowl against rotation, means for releasing said locking means, an unbalanced draft control means operable for articulating said frame to elevate the bowl from a loading to a carrying position, a means for locking said control means to positively retain the bowl in either a loading or a carrying position, and means for releasing said last named locking means.

3. A scraper including an articulated frame, wheels journaled to said frame, a scraper bowl also journaled to the frame, an unbalanced draft control means operable for articulating said frame to elevate the bowl from a loading to a carrying position, means for locking said control means to positively retain the bowl in the loading position, and means for releasing said locking means.

4. A scraper including an articulated frame, wheels journaled to said frame, a, scraper bowl also journaled to the frame, an unbalanced draft control means operable for articulating the frame to elevate the bowl from a loading to a carrying position, a spring means associated with the control means operable for articulating the frame to return the bowl to a loading position, a means for locking said control means to positively retain the bowl in either a loading or a carrying position, and means for releasing said last named locking means.

5. A scraper including an articulated frame, wheels journaled to said frame, a scraper bowl also journaled to the frame, a means for locking the bowl against rotation, a means for releasing said locking means, an unbalanced draft control means operable for` articulating said frame to elevate the bowl yfrom a loading to a carrying position, means for locking said control means to positively retain the bowl in a loading position, and means for releasing said last named locking means.

Signed at Los Angeles, Calif., this 25th day of August, 1931.

HARRY R. LYTLE.

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