US18852A - Improvement in seeding-machines - Google Patents

Description

C. 0. JAMES.

1 Grain-Drill NPETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D. C.

Patented Dec. 1-5, 1857.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES C. JAMES, OF DAYTON, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT lN SEEDlNG-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 18,852, dated December 15, 1857 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, CHARLES Cox JAMES,

' of Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved Seeding-Machine; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and ex act description of the same, reference being had -'tached plan of a portion of the adjustable regulating slide and two of the stationary perforated plates.

Similar letters of reference indicate correspondin g parts in the several figures.

To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and construct my invention, I will proceed to describe it.

A represents an oblong hopper or seed-box, which is placed on a rectangular frame, B, said frame being mounted on wheels G O,one of which is placed loosely on the axle D and the other permanently attached to it.

E is a slide, through which slots or openings a are made. The sides or edges of this slide are fitted in recesses or grooves I), made in the lower edges of the front and back pieces of the hopper, and the edges of the slide E rest on stationary plates F, which are secured to the under side of the hopper A at suitable distances apart, so that a plate F may be underneath each slot or opening a in the slide E. The slide E has its upper surface framed with inclined surfaces or step-like projections b", to insure the ready passage of the seed through the openings a, and also to prevent the clogging of the same within thehop- Each plateF has an opening, 0, made through it, which corresponds in size to the openings at in the slide E.

Between the slideE and the stationary plates F an adjustable slide, G, is interposed. This slide has openings (1 made through it, in which projecting ledges or plates 6 on the stationary plates F fit, and through which openings studs f pass, which studs connect the slide E with a slide, H, which is placed below the plates F. The openings 01 are sufliciently large to allow the slides E and H a requisite length of vibration, and the openings at are not of equal width throughout, but made to correspond with the width of the studs f and the ledges or plates on the plates F, as plainly shown in Fig. 3.

To the slide H short spouts or conveyors I are attached at equal distances apart, and at such points that they may work or vibrate underneath the openings 0 in the plates F. The spouts or conveyers I are slightly inclined downward from the front to the back sides of hopper, as shown clearly in Fig. 2.

To one end of the slide Gr an arm, g, is attached, and in this arm the lower end of a lever, J, is fitted. This lever is pivoted to the back side of the hopper, as shown at h, and its upper end traverses over a graduated arc, t, the lever being set at any desired point by a setscrew, j, the slide G being moved by adjust ing said lever. By shifting the slide G the openings cin the plates F may be more or less contracted, and consequently the discharge of the seed may be regulated as desired. This contracting of the openings 0 will be understood by referring to Fig. 3.

The two slides E H have a reciprocating motion given them by means of a zigzag cam, k, which is placed on the axle D, and has a pin, 1, on a lever, 1, working therein. This lever I is pivoted to the frame B, and its outer end is attached to one end of a rod, J, the opposite end of which is attached to an arm, at, projecting from the slide E.

The seed to be planted is placed within the hopper or seed-box A, and as the machine is drawn along the slides E H are operated by the means previously described, and the seed passes through the openings (1 in the slide E and through the openings 0 in the plates F, the size of the latter openings being regulated as desired by adjusting the slide G. The grain, as it passes through opening 6, falls into the spouts or conveyors I, from which it falls in a continuous stream into the usual conveyingtubes, which are not represented, said tubes being attached to the machine and arranged in the usual way.

The ordinary seed-planters are generally defective, because they will not sow wheat that is an ywise dirty without choking, and very few, indeed, will sow oats and barley at all, besides most of them are disposed to bunch in sowing for the want of something to distribute the grain equally in the soil. Now, my inside steplike slide"E when in motion, produces the same effect upon the grain in the hopper that is produced upon grain put in a common handsievenamcly, all rubbish or dirt that may be mixed with the grain put into a common handsieve, when put in motion, will come to the top, while the grain, being a heavier substance, will pass through.j ust so with the same kind of dirty grain that may be put into the hopper of my improved seed-planter. Therefore it is utterly impossible for it to choke or refuse to sow while there is grain in the hopper. This I have proved -to my satisfaction in the field.

Most seed-planters are obliged to have their slides changed or to have a change made in their speed, and even then they sow-so imperfeotly that most farmers prefer sowing their oats and barley broadcast by hand than trust. to the drill. My inside step-like slide, IE, will sow all kinds of grain alike, no matter how dirty, and will do this with no morechange than can be made by my regulating-slide G in opening or closing the apertures, which slide G is governed by an index-hand outside of the hopper. v i

Another advantage I have'ov'er other drills. in use is the total impossibility of my planter bunching in sowing. The grain passes from my-inside slide, E, onto my hopper-slide H underneath, which has the samemotion as the slide E. The tendency of slide H, with its concave spouts I,'is to distribute the grain ciprocating perforated slides in seed-planters;

nor do I claim adjustable slides and indexes for regulating the quantity of grain sown; but,

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 'is- The employment of a stepped slide, E, and a slide, H, having conveyers I attached, the

above parts being arranged and operating, sub

stantially as shown, so as first to thoroughly agitate the seed while in the hopper, and then to deliver it with a shaking hopper-like mo tion to the furrow-tubes, thus preventing all liability in the grain to clog or bunch, and rendering the machine capable of sowing various kinds of seeds without change or alteration of said slides.

v oHAs. 00:( JAMES.

Witnesses: I if ADAM HoUK, 7 E0121. TERRENCE.

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