US1884668A - Punching machine - Google Patents

Description

0a. 25, 1932. JR 1,884,668

PUNCHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 25, 1932. B GURY' JR 1,884,668

PUNCHING MACHINE Filed Jan. 21, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 #1199 )%r 7a: a Zr,

Patented Oct. 25, 1932 UNE'TEW fi'lATES PATENT OFFECE.

JOHN B. GURY, JR., OFfST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO J. B. GURY MFG. 00., OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, A CORPORATION OF MISSOURI indentations through PUNCHING MACHINE Application filed January 21, 1931. Serial No. 510,087.

This invention relates to punching machines; and has special reference to punching machines adapted and designed for use in forming rows or lines of punched holes or or on paper or the like to form the outlines of patterns. Accordingly, an object of the invention is to provide a machine that is easily manipulated and that is operative by electrical energy to drive the punch in one direction, and is equipped with means. for breaking the electric circuit in order to permit withdrawal of the punch after each downward movement thereof.

Another object of the invention is to provide an electrical punching machine using alternating current and equipped with secondary winding elements for obtaining induced currents in said elements depending upon position of plunger, so that the plunger will be operated rapidly and satisfactorily by use of a smaller coil winding than would otherwise be possible if the secondary windings were omitted.

Another object of the invention is to pro duce a punching machine embodying the various improved features of construction capable of operation and cooperation to obtain all of the advantageous results and effects herein disclosed, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which- F ig. 1 is a rear elevation of my improved machine.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional'view.

Fig. 4 is a detail View showing the improved circuit closer and opener controlled automatically and as an incident to the movement of the machine along the work.

Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the electrical circuit and switch elements of the device.

Fig. 6 is a side elevation of the tube in which the plunger is mounted and on which the magnet coils are wound.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the switch operating member that is controlled by the element shown in Fig. 8 to open the circuit at each downward plunger. Fig.

movement of the punch 8 shows three elevations of an element that is controlled by the punch plunger to cause the circuit to be opened at each operation of said plunger.

The machine is supported by a base disc 1 arranged to slide along the paper or other material 2 that constitutes the work through which holes are to'be punched or other outlines marked by operation of this machine. The disc 1 is formed with a central hole 3 through which the plunger and the switch operating device operate.

A frame 4 is detachably and rigidly secured to the base 1 by a fastener 5. A body 6 is attached to the frame 4 by detachable fasteners '7. A tube 8 has its lower end rigid ly secured in a recess in the upper end of the body 6 and projects upwardly therefrom. Electrounagnet coils 9 are wound on the tube 8 between a lower insulation disc 10 and an upper insulation disc 11. The tube 8 has a number of ports 12 for the in and out passage of air below the disc 10, and a number of ports 13 for the same purpose near its upper end. A longitudinal slot 14: is formed in the disc 8 and extends throughout, or almostthroughout, the length of the coil windings 9. A purpose of this slot is to break up the eddy currents inside the coil and prevent the flow of the electrical energy circumferentially'around the tube 8 within the coil windings.

n iron core 15 having a number of longitudinal grooves 16 to break up eddy currents is mounted for sliding movements within the tube 8. A spring 17 is enclosed within the tube 8 and has its lower end seated against the body 6 and its upper end bearing against the lower end of the iron core 15. The power and energy of this spring 17 is exerted and utilized to raise the iron core 15 to its upper or starting position after each downward movement of said core. As hereinafter disclosed, the core 15 is moved downwardly under the influence of electrical energy and at traction whenever the magnet coils 9 are men gized by the closing of the electric circuit. This downward movement of the iron core 15 compresses and increases the energy of the spring 17 so that, When the electric circuit isopened, said spring acts immediately-to move the core 15 upwardly to its starting point, which is the position shown in Fig.

3 of the drawings.

A number of metallic discs 18 of graduated sizes encircle the tube 8 above the magnet coils, these discs being of decreasing diameter to the upper one of the series. Said discs 18 are clamped between a supporting ring l9and a ring 20 that is clamped on 'thetube 8 against the uppermost disc 18. These discs 18 constitutesecondary windings for induced currents and are eiiective to produce the desired power and speed in a small machine, to prevent heating of the coil, and to cooperate with the coil so that the coil will operate the core and thereby the plunger without making the coil of considerablesize, as would otherwise be necessary. This is to say that these discs 18 are essentialto obtain proper operation of the machine when the machine is constructed of such a size that it is readily portable and easily manipulated. As shown in Fig. 5, the secondary coil formed by the discs 18 is grounded at one end at 21 and at the opposite end at 22 because these discs 18 are in con- 1 tact with the tube 8. Each of these discs fo ms elastic cushion is secured to the lower end of the plug 23 and constitutes an abutment for a concave piston element 26 rigid with the upper end of a rod 27. The rod 27 projects through the core 15 and said core is slidable along said rod. This construction and cooperative arrangement of the elastic body 25 and the piston 26, which presents a concavity toward said body 25, constitute a shock absorber or cushioning device to prevent damag- 7 ing percussive action at the end of the upward stroke of the core 15. This cushioning eiiect is obtained because the concave walls of the piston 26 force the air upwardly within the tube 8 and outwardly through the holes 13; and, as vthe piston approaches the abutment 25 and the space between the piston and the abutment becomes reduced, the air between said parts constitutes a cushion to soften the percussive effect of the upward movement of the core 15 by the spring 17.

The rod 27 extends downwardly through the core 15 and isattached to the upper end of a plunger 28 which is formed with an enlarged portion 29 operating within. a guide 30 formed in the body 6. The lower end of the plunger. 28 projects beyond the lower end of the body 6 and constitutes a support and driver for a punching die 31 that is attached to the lower end of the plunger 28. Thejupper end of the plunger 28 is formed with a head 28 WVhen the magnet 9 is energized, the core 15 is moved downwardly along the rod 27 until the lower end of the core strikes against the head 28'"- of the plunger 28. Continued'downward movement of the core 15 drives the plunger 28 downwardly a sufficient distance to drive the punching die against or through the work.

I An electric circuit :wire 32 leads toone side oi: the electro-magnet 9 and the other end of said electric circuit wire has extensions 33and 34 leading to connection with binding posts 35 and 36, respectively. Both binding postsj35 and 36 are rigidly supported by insulation in connection with a housiig 37 and have their respective contact ends 38 and 39 projecting into said housing (Fig. 4).

The other electric circuit wire40 is connected to a binding post 41 attached to an insulation support 42 which forms aclosure for the housing vA resilient contact member 43 has one end attached to the binding post 41 and the other end pressing against a switch member '44. .The switch member 44 is attached to an insulation piece 45 and has resilient spaced arms 46 and 47 designed and arranged 1 to contact with the contact members 38 and. 39, respectively. The 'insula-' tion piece 45 is attached to an axle 48 mounted for rocking and longitudinal movements in the frame 4. A spring 49attached to the housing '37 extends downwardly into said housing and engages a bracket 50 attached to the insulation piece 45 and is effective to hold the switch member, comprising the parts 46 and 47, open position in which said parts 46 and 47 are out of contact with the contact members 38 and 89, but will permit rocking movements of the axle member 48 to move said parts 46 and 47 into contact with the contact members 38 and 39, respectivelyi Thus, this switch is intended to be closed by means operating the part 48 in opposition to the spring 49, and said spring 49 will operate to open the switch and hold the switch open until the axle member 48 is positively rocked.

The resilient springcontact member 43 cooperates with the spring 49 to hold the ax'lemember 48, and thereby the switch elements. supported by said axle member, in their inward position, but will yield to permit outward movement of the axle me1nber 48. v

The axle member 48 has its inward extremity 51 pointed and engagingthe outer end of the element 52 mounted for sliding movements in a hole in the body 6. The inner end of the element 52 is conical and the point of said element is close to or against the plunger 28 below the enlargement 29. The lower end of the enlargement 29 is formed with a cam or beveled portion 54 which, during the final portion of the descent of the plunger, rubs against the conical end 53 of the element 52 and forces said element 52 outwardly, thereby moving the axle member 48 outwardly in opposition to the springs 43 and 49. i To diminish resistance of this outward sliding movement of the element 52, said element is formed with a series of longitudinal grooves or channels 55 (Fig. 8).

A plate 56 .is attached to the axle member 48 and has arcnate beveled racks 57 on its, opposite ends. A wheel 58 provided with an elastic circumferential portion 59 is rotative on an axle 6O detachably secured to the frame 4. A beveled ratchet or gear Wheel 61 is ri id with the wheel 58 and, in the inward position of the axle 48, engages the lower rack 57. However, when the plunger 28 descends, the cam 54 pushes the element 52 outwardly, thereby pushing the axle 48 outwardly and moving the plate 56 outwardly to position in which the rack 57 is out of engagement with the wheel 61. When the plunger 28 is moved upwardly by the spring 17, a distance sutficient to disengage the cam 54 from the cone, the springs 43 and 49 immediately move the axle member 48 inwardly and re-engage the rack 57 with the gear wheel 61, the spring 49 at the same time moving the switch element to position in which the parts 46 and 47 are out of contact with the contact members 38 and 39, thus opening the circuit.

A wire 62 (Fig. 5) leads from the wire 33 to a contact member 63; and a wire 64 leads from the wire 40 to a movable switch member 65, adapted to be moved into contact with the contact member 63 manually and to move out of contact with the contact member 63 automatically.

A handle 66 is rigidly attached to the body 6 of the machine and constitutes means for operating the machine.

In operation, the machine is placed in an upright position uponthe work 2, the base 1 being seated on said work. The lower peripheral portion of the elastic wheel portion 59 engages the work 2. The handle 66 is manually engaged and the machine is moved along the work, either forwardly or rearwardly, in a direction at right angles to the axis of the wheel 58, so that said wheel will freely rotate. As the wheel 58 rotates, it rocks the plate 56 and thereby the axle member 48, moving the switch element 46 into contact with the contact member 38, or the switch element 47 into contact with the contact member 39, depending upon the direccore 15 is moved downwardly rapidly and with suliicient force to drive the punch 31 through or into the work 2. Automatically and as an incident to the downward movement of the plunger 28, the cam 54 pushes the element 52 longitudinally in an outward direction, thus moving the axle member 48 longitudinally in an outward direction a suiil cient distance to disengage the rack 5 from the gear or ratchet wheel 61. Immediately upon disengagement of the rack 57 from the gear or ratchet wheel 61, the spring 49 acts to disconnect the contact member 46 from the contact member 38, or the contact member 47 from the contact member 39, as the case may be. Thus, the circuit is quickly opened, the magnet is quickly ole-ener ized,

and the spring 17 immediately acts to raise the plunger and the magnet core. Immediately upon the raising of the plunger and the movement of the cam 54 away from the conical end 53 of the element 52, the springs 43 and 49 act to move the axle member 48 iongitudinally inwardly a distance sufiicient to re-engage the rack 57 with the gear or ratchet pinion 61.

- In practice, I have found that these operations of the plunger and punch die are rapid and that the machine may be moved rapidly along the work in either direction. This automatic opening and closing of the circuit energizes the magnet with suthcient rapidity and energy to drive the punch die downwardly to produce its intended eilect, and the spring 17 operates with approximate ly equal speed to raise the punch d e for the next operation. hen it is desired to operate the punch die while the machine remains in a stationary position, such operation can be etlected by closing the circuit through the wires 62 and 64 and the switch members 63 and 65.

I aware that the construction and arrangement 01" the parts of this machine may be widely varied without departure from the nature and principle of the invention, and I do not restrict myself in any unessential respects. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A punching machine comprising a plunger, a tube in which said plunger is mounted for operation, an electroanagnet supported by said tube for operating said plunger in one direction, a spring enclosed in said tube for moving said plunger in the opposite direction when said magnet is de-energized, automatic mechanism for energizing said magnet as an incident to movement of the punching machine along the work, and means operated by said plunger during movement of said plunger by said magnet to die-energize said magnet.

2. A punching machine comprising a plunger, a tube in which said plunger is mounted for operation, an electro-magnet supranged to roll along the work to be punched,

3 by said electro-magnet;

ported by said tube for operating said plungaction of said plunger against said abutment.

3. A machine of the character described comprising a supporting frame, a plunger carried by said supporting frame, a wheel in connection with said supporting frame aran actuator for operating said plunger, mechanism operated by said wheel controlling the energizing of said actuator, and devices operated by said plunger for de-energizing said actuator automatically and as an incident to movement of said plunger .by said actuator.

4. A machine of the character described comprising a supporting frame, a plunger carried by said supporting frame, a Wheel in connection with said supporting frame arranged to roll along the work to be punched, an actuator for operating said plunger, mechanism operated by said wheel controlling the energizing of said actuator, devices operated by said plunger for de-energizing said actuator automatically and as an incident to movement of said plunger by said actuator, a spring for moving said plunger to its starting position, and means preventing percussive action of said plunger when said plunger is moved by said spring. 5. A machine of the character descrlbe comprising a normally de-energized electrodirection, means for energizing'said electro-' magnet automatically when the machine is moved along the work, and devices operated by said plunger for de-energizing said electro-magnet at each movement of said plunger v 6. A machine of the character described comprising a'normally de-energiz ed electromagnet, an instrument, means operated by said electro-magnet when said electro-magnet is energized for moving said instrument in one direction, means for energizing said electro-magnet automatically when the machine is moved along the work, devices operated bysaid instrumentfor de-energizing said electro-magnet at each movement of said instrument by said electromagnet, and means operating witn said electro-magnet to pro vent eddy currents and heating of said magnet.

7. A punching machine of the character described arranged to move along the work to be punched, a wheel in connection with said machine arranged to engage and roll along the work, a punch device, electro-magnetic mechanism for driving said punch device against'the work, devicescontrolledby said wheel for alternately energizing and de-energizing said mechanism, and mechanism controlled by said punch device for withdrawing said punch device from the work during the time that said electro-magnetic mechanism is ole-energized.

8. A punching machine of the character described comprising a Wheel arranged to engage and roll along the work to be punched, a punch device, an actuator for driving said punch device against the work, mechanism controlled by 'said wheel for energizing said actuator, and mechanism controlled by said punch device for ale-energizing said actuator.

9. A punching machine of the character described comprising a wheel arranged to engage and roll along the work to be punched, a punch device, an actuator for driving said punch device against the work, mechanism controlled by said wheel for energizing said actuator, mechanism controlled by said punch device for tie-energizing said actuator, a spring for moving said punch device from the work, and a. device in connection with said punch device, for energizing said spring during movement of said punch device by said actuator.

engage and roll along the work to be punched,

a punch device, a normally de-energized electro-magnetic actuator for said punch device, and mechanism controlled by said wheel for intermittently energizing said actuator and causing said actuator to drive said punch device against the workwhile said wheel is rotating along the work.

11. A punching machine of the character described comprising a wheel arranged to engage and roll along the work to be punched, a punch device, a normally de-energized actuatorfor said punch device, mechanism controlled by said wheel for energizing said actuator and causing said actuator to drive said punch device against the work while said wheel is rotating along the work, mechanism controlled by said punch device for deenergizing said actuator, and means for with- 'gized actuator for said plunger supported by said tube, mechanism for energizing said actuator automatically and as an incident to the movement of said machine along the work to be punched, a spring enclosed in said tube punch against the Work, and

for moving said plunger from the Work When said actuator is ale-energized, and means operated by said plunger for de-energizing said actuator.

13. A punching mac liZlQ comprising a plunger, a tube in. which said plunger is mounted for operation, a normally de-energized actuator for said plunger supported by said tube, mechanism for energizing said actuator automatically andas an incident to the movement of said machine along the Work to be punched, a spring enclosed in said tube for moving said plunger from the Work When said actuator is de-energized, means operated by said plunger for Clo-energizing said actuator, and means for preventing percussive action of said plunger When said plunger is moved by said spring.

14:. A portable punching machine movable along the Work to be punched and comprising a punch for punching the Work, a normally (lo-energized actuator, automatic means for energizing said actuator during movement of said machine along the Work to be punched,

automatic means for de-energizing said actuator, a rotary element controlling operation of both of said automatic means, and means other than either of said automatic means for moving said punch from the Work after each operation of said punch by said actuator.

15. A portable and manually movable punching machine arranged to be moved manually along the work to be punched, a punch, a normally de-energized actuator for driving said punch against the Work, mechanism for energizing said actuator automatically and as an'incident to movement of said machine along the Work to be punched, and a device operated by .said punch for de-energizing said actuator.

16. A portable and manually movable punching machine arranged to be moved manually along the Work to be punched, a punch for punching the Work, normally de-energized electric mechanism for driving said mechanism operated automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work for energizing said electric mechanism intermittently.

17. A punching machine comprising a plunger, a punching element in connection with said plunger, a tube in Which said plunger is mounted for operation, a support for said tube, a normally de-energized actuator supported by said tube for operating said plunger to drive said punching element against the Work While said tube remains stationary in said support, a spring enclosed in said tube for operating said plunger to Withdraw the punching element from the Work, and mechanism operated automatically and as an incident tomovement of the machine along the Work for energizing said actuator intermittently.

a 18. A punching machine comprising a plunger, a tube in Which said plunger is mounted for operation, a normally de-energized actuator supported by said tube for operating said plunger in one direction, electric connections for energizing said actuator, mechanism operated automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work for intermittentlyenergizing said actuator by said connections, and manual means for causing said connections to energize said actuator While said machine remains stationary.

19. A punching machine of the character described arranged for manual movement along the Work to be punched, a punch device carried by said machine, electric mechanism operated automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work for driving said punch device against the Work, and mechanism controlled by said punch device for causing said electric mechanism to operate intermittently.

20. A punching machine of the character described arranged for manual movement along the Work to be punched, a punch device carried by said machine, electric mechanism operated cident to movement of the machine along the WOI'k for driving said punch device against the Work, mechanism controlled by said punch device for causing said electric mechanism to operate intermittently, and means for Withdrawing the punch device from the Work intermittently With the operation of said punch device by said electric mechanism.

21. A punching machine of the character described arranged to be moved along the Work to be operated on, a reciprocating instrument for operating on the Work, normally Clo-energized electro-magnetic mechanism for operating said instrument against the Work, mechanism operated automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work for energizing said mechanism intermittently, and a secondary Winding device having electric currents induced therein and governed by the position of said instrument and making effective the use of a smaller electro-magnet than could otherwise be used and having power and speed Without excessive heat.

22. A punching machine of the character described arranged to be moved manually along the Work to be operated on, a reciprocating instrument, normally de-energized electro-niagnctic mechanism for driving said instrument device against the Work, mechanism for intermittently energizing said magnetic mechanism automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work, and construction preventing eddy currents around the inside of said magnetic mechanism.

23. A punching machine of the character automatically and as an in-' described arranged to be moved manually along the Work to be operated on, a reciprocating instrument, normally de-energized electro-magnetic mechanism for driving said instrument device against the Work, mechanism for intermittently energizing said magnetic mechanism automatically and as an incident to movement of the machine along the Work, construction preventing eddy currents around the inside of said magnetic mechanism, and devices in connection With said electro-magnetic mechanism for obtaining 1nduced electric current and preventing GXCGS-V s1ve heatmg of sald magnetic mechanism.

JOHN B. GURY, JR.

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