US1883424A - Production of textile products - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WILLIAM IVAN TAYLOR, or sronnon, nmnnnamr, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOB 'IO cnmmnsn' 5 CORPORATION OF AMERICA. A CORPORATION OI DELAWARE PRODUCTION OF TEXTILE YRODUCTS No Drawing. Application filed September 4, 1929, Serial No. 390,488, and infireat Britain September 19,

This invention relates to a new or improved process for the production of yarns.

or threads, and has particular reference to the production of yarns or threads made oi or containing artificial silk and other artificial fibres. V

Usually, yarns or threads of artificial silk and other artificial fibres are formed froma number of continuous filaments which are associated and twisted together, the yarns or threads then being applicable for use in fabric-forming operations such as knitting, weaving, or lace-making, or for doubling,

, either with similar yarns or threads or with yarns or threads composed of or containing other fibres or filaments. Such yarns or threads of associated continuous artificial fil-v In its broadest aspect, the invention comprises the production of yarns or threads from a fibrous mass consisting of an irregularly disposed continuous length or a number of irregularly disposed and independent and continuous lengths of artificial silk filaments or like filaments. According to the invention the fibrous mass is formed-into staple lengths and the staple lengths, either unmixed, or mixed or blended with other fibres or 'fila ments, are submitted to spi ning operations I, similar to' those employed in he production of yarns or threads" from fibres such as wool or cotton.

The artificial filaments employed for the invention may be either produced by the socalled dry or eva-porative method of formation or by the wet or coagulation method of formation.

' Conveniently, the fibrous mass consists of a number of the irregularly disposed independent and continuous filaments and the formation of staple lengths from the mass may be effected invarious ways. According to one way, for instance, the filaments may be broken or torn into lengths by any appropriate breakingor tearing operation, preferably after subjecting the mass to a teas,- ing, combing or like operation; for example the filaments may be passed through one or more sets of breaking or drawing rollers, preferably after the filaments have'been subjected to teasing or combing and caused to asshme a direction approximately'atright an gles to the axes of the rollers. Or according to another way for example, an aggregated mass of filaments may be submitted to a cutting operation, either before or after it has been teased or combed, but'preferably, in

order to ensure uniformity of the staple, the

cutting is carried out after thermass has been teased or combed to render 'the filaments more or less unidirectional, cutting then being effected transversely to this direction. It is understood that the particular ways above indicated of forming the staple lengths are given only by way of example and that any other appropriate means. may be employed for forming masses of independent and continuous lengths of artificial filaments such as referred to into staple lengths.

After the continuous lengths of filaments forming the mass have been reduced to staple lengths, the resulting material is formed into yarnor thread, by any suitable spinning operation or operationsfor instance, a spinning operation or operations similar to those used for the production of woolen or-cotton yarns or threads. The staple lengths of artificial. filaments may be spun into any desired type of thread, which threads may moreover e doubled and twisted, either with similar threads or with threads composed of or containing other fibres, such as, for; example, wool, cotton, natural silk, or a different class of artificial filaments, for the purpose of obtaming stronger or thicker yarns, or of pro-,

ducing variations in colour or form or other desired efl'ects. Further 'accordin to the invention, the staple lengths of arti cial filaments may be mixed or blended with fibres of suchother materials prior to being spun, the introduction. of the ot erfibres being effected I denier prior to collection.

.a drawing action on the .masses at any desired stage of the production of the yarns or threads, the yarns or threads obtained thus comprising an intimate interfcinlingling of two or more types of filament or In addition to the advantages offered by the presence of filaments and fibres having different physical characteristics, mixed threads of artificial silk or like filaments and of other fibres or filaments, (whether formed by doubling and twisting threads of unlike materials or by spinning together filaments or fibres of the unlike materials), and fabrics and materials made from or containing the mixed threads are especially valuable in the production of cross-dyed or differential effects by usin dyestuffs for which the two or more mixed filaments or fibres have different afiinities, or by employing dyestuffs capable of colouring one or more' of the constituents while leaving the other or others uncolo'ured, though uniform shades of colour may be applied by using a dyestufi' having an ailinity for all the filaments and fibres, or by using different dyestufi's appropriate for the d ifi'erent constituents and capable of producing a similar shade thereon. I

The invention is applicable to the production of yarns or threads from or with the aid of masses of independent continuous filaments of artificial silk and like materials generally, whether produced by wet or coagulation methods or by dry or evaporative methods, and particularly filaments of cellulose acetate and other cellulose derivatlves such as cellulose formats, propionate, or butyrate, or thiocarbamic or alkoxy-alkacyl esters of cellulose, or methyl, ethyl, or benzyl 4 cellulose, or the corresponding condensation products of cellulose and glycols or other polyhydric alcohols. Artificial silk and like filaments produced accordin to the processes described in my No. 390,355 ,of even date herewith are particularly suitable for formation into staple lengths and subsequent spinning according to the present invention, the filaments produced by the said processes being collected in a mass preparatory to their; subjection to the process of the present invention, and if desired, being drawn down to the requirev It is not, however, necessar to exert such laments, since of lndependent and continuous lengths of filaments may be produced without subjecting the filaments to a drawin action; For example, filaments extruded rom spinning solutions into a current of evapo rative medium in a chamber or cell maybe allowed to collect in the chamber or cell, or be discharged or delivered therefrom into a receptacle outside without subjection to a drawing action. By suitably controlling the conditions under which the solution is exco pend1ng Application truded, filaments of any required denier or with any other re uired characteristics may be obtained, and t e collected mass of independent and continuous filaments is in a convenient condition for the subsequent operations of forming staple lengths and spinning as above described.

. What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is p 1. Process for the production of yarns containing artificial staple fibres, said process comprisin forming into staple lengths a mass of substantially continuous artificial filaments, which filaments are irregularly disposed throughout the mass so that ad acent filaments are unalined with each other, and submitting the staple lengths to a spinning operation to form said yarns. f

2. Process for the production of taining artificial staple fibres, said process comprisin forming into staple lengths a mass of su stantially continuous artificial filaments of organic derivatives of cellulosewhich filaments are irregularly disposed throughout" the mass so that adjacent filaments areunalined with each other, and submitting the staple lengths to a spinning operation to form said yarns. J 3. Process for the production of yarns containing artificial staple fibres, said process comprisin forming into staple lengths a mass of su stantially continuous artificial filaments of cellulose acetate, which {filaments are irregularly disposed throughout the mass so that adjacent filaments are unalined with each other, and submitting thesta-ple lengths to a spinning operation to form sald yarns.

4. Process for the production of yarns containing artificial staple fibres capable of be ing spun'into spun yarn,,said process comprising teasing amass of substantially continuous artificial filaments in which the filaments are irregularly disposed throughoutthe mass 'so that adjacent filaments areunalined with each other, said teasing having theiefiect of bringing the filaments into a substantially unidirectional state, forming the teased massinto sta le lengths, and sub mitting the staplelengt s: to eration'to form said yarns.

5. Process for the production of yarns containing artificial staple fibres, said process comprising teasin a mass of substantially continuous; artificial filaments of cellulose acetate inwhich the filaments are irregularly disposed throughout the mass v cent filaments are unalined with each other, said teasing having the effect of bringing e filaments into a substantially unidirectional state, formingtheteased mass into staple lengths, and submitting the staple-lengths to a spinning operationto form said yarns.

In testimony whereof scribed my name,

WILLIAM IVAN; TAYLOR.

a sp nning opl have hereunto subso that adja-