US1883383A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

L. LEE

FURNACE ou, 1s, 1932-.

Oct. 18, 1932. L. LEE .1,883,383

FURNACE Filed Feb. 25, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet '3 INVENTOR Patented Oct. 18, 1932 UNITED STATES, PATENT OFFICE rain LEE, or YoUNesrowN, onro l Application led February 23, 1989. Serial No. 341,919.

My invention relates to furnaces andmore I utilize metallic sheets. yW'here the prod- 4 particularly to furnaces for transferring ucts of combustion engaging the sheets are heat between two moving columns of fluid. at high temperature, the sheets are protected In heating moving columns of fluid by by a covering of ceramic material. Where the products of combustion from a furnace, the products of combustion are at a lower -5;. it has heretofore been customary to pass the temperature, the metallic sheets are directly products of combustion through one or more exposed to the products of combustion and passageways defined by walls of ceramic mathe fluid being'heated. By the use of sheets terial. The fluid being heated traverses one leakage between the passageways for the o r more passageways in heat transferring enfluids of different characteristics is prevente.) gagement with the ceramic material defining ed. Such a leakage is very apt to occur. the passageway or passageways traversed by through the joints between the ceramic blocks the products of combustion. Heat from the usually used for covering such passageways. products of combustion is transferred tothe By causing the products of combustionto 5 fluid being heated b the ceramic material. move throughv successive passageways with 6.,

Diiiiculty has hereto ore been experienced" in a downward movement against their natural preventing the transfer of small bodies of tendency to rise, the products of combustion fluid through the joints in the ceramic walls, are maintained under acondition of pressure which` leakage is liable to render the fluid which packs them and brings substantially 30 being heated unfit for its intended use. This the entire volume of the products of'com- 7c is especially true where the heated fluid is bustion into engagement with the heat exair for heating abuilding. change walls separating the passageways. Where the products of combustion from a Provision is made for securing movement o furnace are permitted to move upwardly the fluids through the passageways when 25 through passageways by reason of the diiferfans or blowers are rendered inoperative from l ences in the specific gravity of the heated any source.

products of combustion and thecold air en- By utilizing sheet metal plates as barrier tering the furnace, there is a tendency for walls-between the passageways for the difthe escaping products of combustion to move ferent fluids, I am ableto fabricate the pas.-

30 upwardly withoutbringing all of the prodsageways by welding cross pieces between 8f ucts of combustion into engagement with the sheets in situ. By providingv openings in the walls for absorbing heat from them. Fursheets in linewith the surfaces which are to naces have also been constructed in which a be welded thereto, I am able to weld the adcondition of forced or induced draft .existed jacent metal bodies together by passing weldasv by connecting the passageways with blowers. ing material through the openings and form- Under such -conditions when the blower is ing a beadbetween the walls of the openings rendered inoperative from any cause, difand the face of an adjacent metallic body.

' ficulty has frequently been experienced in se- The accompanying drawings illustrate the curing a circulation of the fluids through the present preferred embodiment of the lnvenso passageways normally controlled by the tion in which blowers or fans. Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional viewl of I provide a furnace having passageways afm-nace embodying my invention; Ifor products of combustion moving rom a Figure 2 `is a-plan v1ew in section` of they furnace to a stack in heat exchanging relafurnace taken substantially along` the sec- ;5 tion to passageways conducting a ui such tion .line II--II of Figure l; .as air, which is to be heated. Provision is Figure 3 is a v.transverse sectlonal view made for insuring a uniform flow of fluids taken along the section line III-IIIof Flgthrough the respective passageways 'by conure 1; and r necting themto ablower or a fan. To prevent Figure 4 is a perspective viewof a detail u a leakage between the respective passageways, of the invention. Y

` support a bed rest. The front wall of the combustion chamwall, which openings ber 9 is provided with a door 10 through which fuel may be supplied. Grates 11 are mounted in the combustion chamber 9. A door 12 is provided near the bottom of the combustion chamber for the admission of draft air and for the removal of ashes.

The outer surfaces of the combustion chamber are lined by 'a side plate 14 and end plates 15 and 16. A plate 17 is spaced from the plate 14 by the ends of the plates 15 and 16 and a beam 18 for constituting vertically extending passageways along the outer surface of the combustion chamber. The plates 14 and 15 are connected by an angle bar 19 welded thereto. A similar angle bar 20 connects the plates 14 and 16. An angle bar 21 connects the plates 16 and 17. A -crimp 22 is provided at one end of the plate 17 to provide a surface for welding it to the plate 15. vAs shown in Figure 1, the passagcways between the plates 14and 17 are open to the pitat their lower ends and are open to a hood 24 at their upper ends. Accordingly, a circulation of air past the outer end of the furnace utilizes the heat normally radiated from that surface. The products of combustion from the chamber 9 pass into a heat transfer chamber 25 through a series of openings 26.

The heat transfer chamber 25 is supported by the beams 3 and 4 between which a bed plate 27 is suspended by angle irons 28 and 29 welded to the beams 3 and 4 respectively. The outer wall 30 of the heat transfer chamber 25 is constituted by a masonry structure and a surface plate 31. The surface plate 31 is provided with a plurality of openings 32 and covers 33. The openings 32 are in alinem-.nt with openings 34 through the masonry communicate with passageways formed within the heat transfer chamber.

The side walls of the heat transfer chamy ber 25 are formed by vertically extending 3 and vertically plates 35 extending between a pair of vertically extending beams 36 secured to the beam extending angle irons 37 sipported by a perforated beam 38; Outside the plates 35, parallel extending plates 39 and vertically extending angle bars 40 defne passageways 41 through which fluid bel ing heated moves upward to utilize the heat radiated from the side walls of the heat transfer chamber 25. The interior of the heat transfer chamber number of groups of horizontally extendin passageways 42, 43 and 44 through which the products of combustion pass from the opentending passageways 42, 43 and 44.

fles 49 alternate with 25 is sub-divided into a.

ings 26 to a discharge duct 45 in which the perforated beam 38 is mounted.

vertically extending passageways 46 for be heated are disthe passage of fluid to posed between the groups of horizontally ex- The passageways 46 are defined by vertically extending metallic sheets 47. The sheets 47 are closed at their ends by cross pieces 48 to constitute the passageways 46. The passageways 46 terminate at their lower ends in openings 27a formed in the bed plate 27. At their upper ends the passageways 46 open into the hood 24. Accordingly, fluid, such as air rises, from the pit through the passageways 46 and after being heated is discharged into the hood 24.

Leakage of the products of combustion from the passageways 42, 43 and 44 into the passageways 46 is prevented by the presence of the sheets 47 and the cross pieces 48 which make tight joints. Where masonry walls alone are relied on for defining heat transfer passageways, leakage of the products of combustion into the fluid being heated frequently takes place between the joints of the ceramic bodies constituting the walls of the passageways.

The passageways 42, 43 and 44 are defined by bafes 49 extending between pairs of plates 47. The pairs of plates connected by the bafthe pairs connected by the cross pieces 48, so that the passa es for the products of combustion and the iiguid being heated alternate. The baifles49 are supported by angle irons 50 secured to the plates 47 Preferably the angle irons are welded to the plates, although it is to Ibe understood that they may 'be secured by rivets or the like if desired. To protect the plates 47 from the the heat transfer takes place, insteadof thickceramic walls heretofore generally used in transfer chambers of this general character, I am able to obtain a much greater heat transfer at low temperatures than has heretofore been possible.

he passageways 42 and 43 are connected at the outer end of the transfer chamber by omitting portions of the bailes 49. The passageways 43 and 44 are similarly connected at the inner end of the chamber. The passageways 44 are connected through an opening 52 to the duct 45.

Downward circulation of the products of combustion through the passageways 42, 43 and 44 is obtained by connecting the duct 45 to a fan or blower 54 through which the prodnecting the duct 45 and stack 55, thereby shunting the fan 54.

Air or other fluid being heated is supplied to the pit beneath the pasageways 46 by a fan or blower 57 through a duct 58. The blowers 54 and 57 are preferably driven from a single motor 68 although it is to beunderstood thatthey may be separately driven if desired.

For insuring a supply of air in the event .of the failure of the blower 57, the outer end of the pit is closed by a series of vertical plates 59 which may be opened, thereby providing a natural circulation of air through the passageways 46.

Referring to Figure 4, I haveprovided a method of welding the plates and cross members in situ. Plates 60 and 61 to be connect ed are provided with a series of holes 62 and 63, respectively, near their areas of engagement. An angle bar 64 is placed in engagement with the openingsI 62 and 68. Thereafter beads of welding material 65 are disposed in the opening. The beads 65 unite the plates 60 and 61.

This same construction is adapted equally well to the securing of the cross pieces 48 in position between adjacent sheets 47. In such case, the cross pieces 48 may be constructed in the form of channel bars or I- beams secured in position by welding throu h the medium of openings and beads of welding material in the manner before relferred to. l

While I have shown the present preferred embodiment of the invention, it is`to be understood that it may be otherwise embodied within the spirit of the invention and the scope ofthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a furnace, an air heating system comprising a plurality of vertical parallel spaced metal plates alternately separated byk spaced vertical and spaced horizontal metal plates secured thereto, said horizontal plates being staggered and providing a tortuous passage for combustion gas, means whereby a stream of air is introduced to the bottom' of the vertical passages formed by the spaced vertical metal pilates, and means whereby a stream of hot combustion gas is vintroduced to the top passages formed by the -spaced horizontal plates.

2. In a furnace, the combination with a plurality of vertical parallel spaced flat rectangular metal plates, parallel spaced vertical and spaced parallel horizontal metal plates alternately separating said irst plates and welded thereto by means of substantially gas tight connections, said horizontal plates eing staggered and providing a tortuous passage for combustion gas, means whereby a stream of uid at one temperature is i11- troduced to the top inlets of the horizontal passages and means whereby a stream of Huid atanother temperature is introduced to the bottom inlets of the vertical passages.

3. In a furnace, an air heating system comprising a plurality of parallel spaced vertical hollow metal partitions having vertical air passages of rectangular section extending therethrough from the top to the bottom of the partition, spaced horizontal metal baie plates disposed between said partitions said baille plates being arranged to provide downwardly windingpassages for the hot combustion gases between the hollow partitions, said air and gas passages being air and gas I.tight with respect to each other, means whereby air may be introduced to the bottom of the air passages through the partitions where it is caused to come into contact with hot areas of gradually increasing temperatures as it ascends to the top of the partitions, the increased heat areas being effected by the hot combustion gases being initially introduced at the top of the gas passages and thence moved downwardl by a Winding route through the horizontall passages to the bottom of the partitions, blowers for normally circulating the combustion gases and the air in proper directions, means whereby air may be admitted to the air passages exclusive of the air blower, and means whereby the hot gases may be circulated in the proper direction exclusive of the gas blower.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

LEIF LEE.

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