US1858137A - Apparatus for use in the manufacture of glassware - Google Patents

Description

May 10, 1932. L. J. BROCHE 1,858,13'i

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed Sept. 20, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 5mm toz 1% LEO/v I BPOCHIE 839 A elf/homely May 10, 1932. L. J. BROCHE 1,858,137

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed Sept. 20, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 avwemtoz LEON J BFeocHE May 10,1932. BROCHE 7 1,858,137

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed Sept. .20, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 avwwncoi Lsoiv J. BROCHE flbtmww/l /a/ y 2- 7 L. J. BROCHEH' 1,858,137

APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF GLASSWARE Filed Sept. 20, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 R aveubo'c imw APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE OFUGLASSWAR E Filed Sept. 20, 1926 5 SheetsSheet 5 'IIIII'I'III'I'IA awuem'toz LE'oN I BRocHs Patented liday 10 1932' asap? LEON JEAN BROOKE, OF ST. CLOUD, FRANCE, ASSIGNOE 1'0 TPENAS COMPANY, NEW YORK, N. Y., A. CORPORATION 03 DELAWARE APPARATUS FOR USE IN THE MANUFACTURE F @LBSSWARE Application filed September 20, 1926. Serial Ito. 136,632.

. ticularly, my invention contemplates gathering molten glass from a suitable container and feeding it either intermittently in the form of solid, or bubble gobs, or continuously as a solid rod or as a hollow tube or a cylinder.

The apparatus by which my invention may be practiced is subject to many variations, and only certain illustrative embodiments are shown in the accompanying more or less diagrammatic drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a partial side elevation of a feeder arranged in operative relation to a bath of molten glass;

Figs. 2 to 8, inclusive, are similar views on smaller scale, illustrative of different constructions of feeder and different types of intermittent and continuous delivery from the feeder;

Fig. 9 is a vertical section through a modified fore-hearth arrangement;

Fig. 10 is a longitudinal section through a water-cooled feeder;

Fig. 11 is a section through a glass meltin pot,associated with a feeder;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation, partially in section, of an adjusting and driving mechanism for the feeder;

Fig. 13 is a more or less schematic plan of another fore-hearth arrangement particularly adapted to suction blank delivery; and Fig. 1 1 is a section on the line 1818, Fig.

in the art of glass manufacture it is customary to provide the furnace in which the glass is melted, with a fore-hearth into which the molten glass enters from the body of the furnace, and to effect the feed to molds or other forming appliances, from the forehearth. Various feed'devices have been suggested, but the only ones that have gone into extensive practical use are (1) the suction blank feeder, (2) the plunger or needle type feeder, and (3) the flow feeder. These types are well known in the art, and need no detail description. It is pointed out, however, with respect to the plunger or needle type feeder,-

that it operates in conjunction with a discharge port in the bottom of the fore-hearth. (.onsequently, when anything goes wrong with the plunger, the port remains open and there is a continuous flow of glass from the fore-hearth, which results in serious waste. The .same is true of the flow feeder, when there is any interruption in the act-ion of the closing valve. With respect to the suction blank feeder, the level of the glass in the revolving fore-hearth into which the molten glass spills from the furnace, must be kept accurately to a predetermined level for proper cooperation with the suction blank. Moreover, if the suction apparatus becomes disordered the feed from the furnace to the revolving fore-hearth continues, with re-.

sultant waste by" spill-over from the latter. For all these types of feed, complicated mechanism is required, and great precision and exactitude in the timing of operations. My invention comprehends a feeder which involves a marked departure from these rior practices, and is attended with great a vantages thereover. There can beno waste on halt of the present feeder. Its characteristics are such that it is adaptable to various types of feed, and it can even be used in conjunction with some of the older types to overcome their deficiences. It is simpler in construction and in operation then any of the feeders in operation today.

Essentially my feeder comprises a rotary gatherer which dips at its lower periphery into a body of molten glass, and lifting glass from the latter above the surface of the bath,

causes it to accumulate or gather toward the axis of the rotor for feed to associated ap-- paratus. The particular shape of the feeder may be modified in many ways. It may, for example, comprise pockets, guide channels or ribs, a roughened surface, or it maybe merely a relatively smooth 1 surface which is dependent primarily-upon surface adhesion to lift the glass above the bath. I have illustrated only the latter form in the accompanying drawings for the sake of simplicity, and further for the reason that I have found that this simple formoperates satisfactorily in practice.

The form in which the gathered glass is delivered, is variable, and may be influenced by the shape and manner of operation of the feeder.. For example, if the glass is to be delivered continuously, as required for rod, tube or cylinder manufacture, the gatherer may be merely a disc-like body, toward the center of the delivery face of which the lifted glass moves in a more or less spiral course as the disc rotates. The glass, thus concentrated or gathered in the central area of the disc, may be drawn continuously therefrom to form a rod, tube or cylinder. For tube formation, a central blast passage is provided in the disc-like gatherer, through which an air blast is continuously forced into the gathered and drawn glass.

An initial tubular shape may be positively imparted to the glass before it leaves the feeder, if a central boss be formed on the delivery face of the disc. The molten glass which is lifted from the bath on the peripheral area of the feeder, flows toward the axial boss, gathers around it, and is drawn from its end in the form of an annulus. The annulus thus continuously drawn from the boss may be permitted to collapse into a solid rod, or a continuous blast may be supplied through the boss to cause the delivered glass to form a tube or cylinder.

Instead of a continuous feed, as for tube, rod or cylinder manufacture, an intermittent feed may be obtained. Thus, for a gob feed, the gather may be permitted to depend from the end of the boss until it attains the desired size and shape, whereupon it may be severed by shears. If a bubble gob is desired, it is only necessary to blow air through the feeder as the gather forms at the end of the boss, to obtain a hollow or bubble gob, which may be severed by shears in like manner.

Again the boss may be provided with a terminal flange which serves as a dam, so that the lass lifted on the peripheral area of the isc and flowing onto the axial boss, is halted by the dam and forms a gather of suflicient depth to supply a suction blank brought into cooperative relation with the feeder. If a sufficient quantity of glass be taken from the bath by the peripheral area of the disc, it gathers upon the boss in sufficient depth to supply the suction blank, without the necessity for the dam flange mentioned.

These are only illustrative examples of feeder form and operation embodying my invention. Variations in both will readily occur to those skilled in this art. Aside from variation of form, it is also obvious that the speed of rotation and the direction of rotation of the feeder, the depth of its entry into the bath, the angle of inclination of the feeder axis with respect to the surface of the bath, the volume of air delivery (when used) with respect to the volume of glass delivery, the temperature of the bath and of the atmosphere surrounding the feeder, are all variables which may be altered to obtain the results desired.

Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 to 8, I have shown in Fig. 7 what is probably the simplest form of feeder embodying my invention. It comprises a rotor 25 in the form of a disc carried by driving spindle 26. Its location with respect to the molten glass bath '27 is such that the peripheral area of the disc is submerged to a certain arcuate extent at the bottom of its annular path, so that the glass is carried upward thereon by surface adhesion as the feeder rotates. The delivery face of the feeder is at such inclination to the vertical that the molten glass, flowing by gravity downward thereon, and deflected into a spiral course by the rotation of the disc, thickens into a gather 28 toward the center or axis of the disc. The gather, thus continuously formed, may be drawn from the feeder by any suitable means, to form a continuous rod, tube or cylinder. For the tube and cylinder products, air may be blown through the axial passage 29 in the feeder; but if preferred the air may be supplied through the drawing head, as is now common in vertical cylinder drawing. The diameter of the disc may be as large, or as small, as desired. If cylinders of a size commensurate with those now drawn for sheet glass manufacture are to be produced, the disc may be several feet in diameter. The twistingof the drawn-out gather by the rotation of the feeder may be minimized, if found desirable, by locating at appropriate distances from the delivery face of the feeder, a stationary annular guide through, and in contact with, which the gather is drawn off from the feeder.

In Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive, and in Fig. 8. I have shown the delivery face of the feeder provided with an axial projection or boss 30, upon which the gather forms in an annular mass. This projection is of relatively small diameter as compared with the disc and extends from the central area of the disc, thus leaving; a considerable area of the disc portion beyond it on which the thin film of glass may be formed as it is picked up. The projection is of gradually decreasing diameter towards its outer end by reason of which the layer of glass upon it becomes thicker, thus enhancing the gathering efi'ect. Various types of delivery may be effected from this form of feeder. Thus, on drawing the gather from this boss the annulus may be permitted to collapse into a solid rod 31 (Fig. 4), or air may be blown through the boss to form a bubble 32 (Fig. 5) which, as drawn, formsa tube 33. Again the gather rotation of a plain boss such as shown in may be permitted to depend from the end of the boss and, when severed by shears S, forms a solid gob 34 (Fig. 2), or if blown, a bubble gob 35 (Fig. 3). If desired the gather on the boss may be picked up by a cooperating suction blank 36, (Fig. 6) and for this type the boss may be provided with a dam flan e 37. when the depth of the gather on the oss is otherwise insuflicient.

\Vhere the feeder is provided with an axial boss it is obvious that the glass not only moves in a generally radial direction inward from the peripheral pick-up area of the feeder (as in Fig. 7), but also moves longitudinally in an axial direction to the delivery area of the boss (as in Figs. 1 to 6 and 8)that is to say, laterally with respect to the point at which the glass is taken up from the bath. This characteristic of the feeder, which thus not only lifts the glass from the bath, but causes its lateral displacement for delivery, makes it possible to deliver from the feeder outside the confines of the bath. Thus in Figs. 1 to 6 it will be noted that the point at which the .glass leaves the feeder is beyond the boundary wall 38 of the furnace or fore-hearth. Gob feed to an extraneous mold beyond the boundaries of the bath, is thus readily accomplished.

In Fig. 8 I have shown at the free end of the feeder boss an offset nose 39. While the Figs. 1 to '6, immediately following the operation of the shears, serves to retract the portion of the gather above the shears into the mass of glass upon the feeder, and thus to remelt the scar which is formed by the shears, I find that the provision of an offset nose such as shown in Fig. 8, accentuates this retracting action, particularly if the severiug of the gob is accurately timed to occur when the nose of the boss is located at the lowermost point of its travel.

The shaping of the solid or the bubble gob may be controlled by varying the speed of rotation. or the direction of rotation of the feeder, during the period of the gather formation, and in the case of the bubble gob by varying also the volume of air supplied during the progress of the gather.

In Fig. 1, I have indicated by arrows R that the feeder is reversely rotatable; by the arrows V that it is vertically adjustable and by the arrows L that it is axially adjustable. The feeder is preferably mounted on a transverse axis 0 so that it may be swung up out of the bath, when not in service, thus protecting it against injurious overheating. It will be understood that these movements are applicable to all forms of the feeder.

The fore-hearth construction with respect to the feeder may be variously organized. As shown in Fig. 9 the side wall of furnace 52 has a port 53 through which the molten glass flows to the fore-hearth. The latter comterial 55 at least to the level of the molten glass therein. It will be noted that the glass level in the fore-hearth is below the level of the top of port 53, and that consequently heat from the furnace chamber is free to enter the fore-hearth chamber. Beyond the port area proper of the fore-hearth, the lower wall of the casting is shaped to afford a guideway or funnel 56, which directs the gob into a subjacent mold 57. A fore-hearth ca 58 prevents upward escape of heat from the orehearth .and may be shaped to carry a burner 59 and to direct its flame into thefore-hearth chamber in the neighborhood of the feeder. The latter, in the form shown, is of the boss-disc type, supported in the upper wall of the main fore-hearth casting 54, with its peripheral flange25 dipping into the molten glass on the hearth and its boss 30 projecting beyond the end wall of the fore-hearth, and so located that the end of the boss is in substantial registry with the guidewa 56 leading to the mold 57. The driving mechanism (not shown) and the air pipe (if used) may be accommodated in the gap 60 between the inclined upper wall 61 of the fore-hearth casting and the wall 62 of the furnace.

In Fig. 11 a glass melting pot 63 is illushated, the pot being provided with a lateral bay or spout '64 closed by a removable cap 65. The gaps 66 and 67 in the end walls of the s out permit the insertion and removal of the feeder which is thus shiftable from pot to pot. The gaps 66 and 67 are of sufficient depth to permit adjustment of the feeder with respect to the glass level in the pot, which gradually lowers as the feeder operates. The flange 25 of the feeder may be made of sufficient diameter to extend approximately to the bottom of the pot, the cap 65 bein appropriately shaped to accommodate the ange diameter. The pot may thus be practically drained by shifting the feeder gradually toward the pot bottom. The driving mechanism for the feeder is illustrated as a spiral gear 68 meshing with a pinion 69 on the belt shaft 70. A pipe 71 connects with the end of the hollow spindle 72 for supplying air to the interior of the glass delivered from the feeder boss 30, where it is desired to obtain a tubular or cylindrical product, or a bubble gob.

In Fig. 10 I have indicated a'water-cooled feeder comprising a more or less conical metalcasting 73 embedded in a refractory 74. The casting may be integral with or otherwise secured to a driving hub 7 5, which carries the drive gear 76 above the bearing 77. A perforated bushing 78 is fitted within the hub 75, the joint being sealed by packing 79 and staffing box 80. A blast conduit 81 rotating with the feeder makes cone joint at 82 with the bushing 78in re ster with the passageway 83 therein, to w ich the blast pipe 84 leads. The bushing is also pierced at 85 and 86, the former connecting with the water supply pipe 87, and the latter with discharge plpe 88.

An adjustable mounting and the drive of nected by a sleeve to a second hollow shaft 96. The latter is provided with a ke way 97 in which the spiral gear 98 is longitu inally slidable so that it may maintain its meshmg engagement with its dirivin pinion 99, regardless of the longitudinal a justment of theshaft 96 with respect thereto. Between collars 100 and 101 on the shaft 96 is engaged a screw sleeve 102 provided with a handwheel 103 so that it may be turned on the shaft. The screw 102 works in a bearing block 104 slidably supported in the arms of the yoke member 91. It is obvious that by rotating the hand-wheel 102 the shaft 96 is forced to travel longitudinally with respect to the block104.

The block 104 is in turn slidably adjustable in the arms of the oke 91 by reason of its engagement with th journalled at 106 in the cross bar of the yoke, and provided with a manipulating handle 107. By rotating the screw the bearing block, and consequentl the' entire 'feeder, may be adjusted towar and fromthebath. Any suitable means may be provided for securing the yoke in desired positionfor example a clutch device (not shown) operated y means: of a hand-wheel- 108. The blast pipe109 may be of flexible material,

.' and has a stnfling boxconnection 110 with the end of the hollow shaft 96. The mechanism described affords means for the angular, vertical and longitudinal adjustment of the feeder which have. been referred to earlier 'in the present specification.

I have indicated in Fig. 6, more or less diagrammatically, a construction of feeder approlpriate for use with the suction blank 36. his layout is shown somewhat more in detail in Figs. 13 and 14, in which the flange 25 of the feeder enters through an angular month 111 into the chamber. 112 of a forehearth 113. The glass lifted from the forehearth by the flange 25 gathers on the boss 30 of the feeder, which is provided with an annular dam 37. The suction blank 36 follows an arcuate course which registers in pa rt with the feeder boss; any suitable mechanism may be provided for moving the blank downward into the gather'114 on the boss,

e adjusting screw 105,

and for travelling the blank along the len of the boss during the suction period, 01- lowed by lifting the blank as it approaches the outer end of the gather on the feeder. In a feeder of this type it is readily possible to effect the drive-ofv the feeder from its outer end, for example by means of a bevel gear 115 on the end of the feeder shaft, andmeshing with an associated driving gear 116. A shaft bearing 117 may be' supported by a bracket 118 detachably secured to the forehearth extension 119 or to the floor of the work chamber. The extension 119 serves not only as a drip catcher, but also as a heat reflector tonnaintain the glass on the feeder in properly fluid condition. A burner 120 may be appropriatelv located to supply heat to the working area of the feeder.

hile I have shown the feeder in Figs. '13 and 14 in connection with a suction blank layout, it will be obvious that it may be also used as a feeder for solid gobs. In this case the fore-hearth extension 119 would be omitted, and the feeder supported directly from the floor of the work chamber, or otherwise, tovaflord clearance for the travel of molds beneath the "delivery end of the feeder, and also for the operation of the shears. This type of feeder has the advantage of ready portability, thus making it available for use in connection with glass-melting potsfor relativelysmall charges, or melting furnaces of non-continuous type. While I have indicated in the drawings above described certain forms in which my invention may be embodied, and certan ways in which the invention may be practiced, many other appropriate embodiments of the thoughts which underlie my invention will occur to those skilled in the art. .The particular embodiments illustrated are therefore to be regarded as merely illustrative, and in no manner as limiting my invention thereto. With this understanding I claim as my inventiou 1. In a paratus for the manufacture of glass pr acts, a container of molten glass, and a feeder cooperating therewith, said feeder comprising a rotor arranged to dip its peripheral area into the bath of molten glass in the container, and to cause flow of 2. In a paratus for the manufacture ofglass pr uct s, a container for molten glass, and a feeder cooperating therewith, said'feeder comprising a rotor having a peripheral area arranged to dip into the tion from oneface of the rotor on which glass lifted by the peripheral area of the feeder is automatically gathered incident to the roath of molten I glass in the container. and an axial projectation of the feeder together with means for intermittently severing gathers from said projection.

3. In apparatus for the manufacture of glass products, a container for molten glass, and a feeder cooperating therewith, said feedor comprising a rotor arranged on an axis inclined to the plane of the face of the bath.

lifted glass from said peripheral area, along vone face of the rotor toward its axis to gather 3 for delivery, together with means for delivering air into said gather and means for intermittently parting air-blown gathers from said feeder.

5. In apparatus for delivering molten glass from a bath, a rotor, with its axis inclined to the surface of the bath, having a substantiaL 1y radial lower face arranged to dip at its periphery into the bath to pick up glass and form an annular film thereof, and an axial projection of relatively small diameter exv tending from the central area of said face, whereby to receive glass from said film and to deliver it while forming into a gather, to gether with means for intermittently severing the gathered glass from said projection,

6.111 apparatus for the manufacture of 7 glass roducts, a container of molten glass and a eeder cooperating therewith, said feeder comprising a rotor adapted to dip its peripheral area into the bath of molten glass in the container and havin an axial projection on which the molten g ass may accumulate and a flange on said rojectlon acting as a dam for said molten g ass.

7. In apparatus for the manufacture of glass products a container of molten less and a feeder cooperating therewith, said eeder comprising a rotor arranged to dip its peripheral area into the bath of molten glass in the container, and having an axial projection on which the molten glass may accumulate, in combination with'means for sucking the glass vertically upward from said projection.

8. In apparatus for the manufacture of glass products a container of molten glass anda feeder cooperating therewith, said feeder comprising a rotor arranged to dip its peripheral area into the bath of molten glass I in the container, and having an axial projection on which the molten glass may accumu late and a flange on said projection acting as a dam for said molten glass in combination with means for sucking the glass vertically upward from said pro ection.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

LEON JEAN BROCHE.

Images