US1847771A - Triangular-mesh wire fabric - Google Patents

Description

March 1, 1932; V A. A. G. LAND 1,847,771

TRIANGULAR MESH WIRE FABRIC Filed Sept. 30, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l March 1, 1932. A. A. (5. LAND 1,347,771

TRIANGULAR MESH WlRE FABRIC Filed Sept. so, 1929 s Sheets-Sheet 2 March 1, 1932. A. A. G. LAND 1,847,771

TRIANGULAR MESH WIRE FABRIC Filed Sept. 30, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 1, 1932 UNITED sra'rss ARTHUR e; LAND, OF CHICAGO, rumors TRIANG'ULAR-BTESH \VIRE FABRIC Application filed September 30, 1929. Serial No. 396,205.

My invention relates to so -called chain: link wire fabrics, namely fabrics-composed of elongated and flattened spiral wires or strands which extend transversely of'the fabric, with the consecut've strands intertwisted so that each two consecutive strands form meshes and so that each mesh presents four interlocked bights. Such chain-link wire fabrics are'preferable to fabrics in which each constituent wire is twisted one or more times around each adjacent wire at the junctures thereof, for the reason that the chainlink wire fabrics can be manufactured with much more simple equipment, can be made of stifi er wire than would permit such extended intertwisting, and can readily be rolled up for shipment evenwhen made of quite stiff wire. They also can readily be severed or spliced at any point along the length of the fabric.

However, the now customary chain-link wire fabrics are composed of strands each of which (wl en viewed in elevation) has its consecutive legs extending at equal acute angles across the general axis of the formed strand, so that the resulting meshes are of a so-called diamond shape, namely equal-sided parallelograms having one diagonal extending transversely of the fabric. Since the con stituent strands all extend transversely of the fabric, the latter must be tensioned longitudinally of the fabric. But any excessive longitudinal tensioning of the fabric willreadily distort the strands by lengthening the meshes longitudinally of the fabric and shortening them transversely of the fabric, hence a fabric of this type can only be used advantageously when it is tensioned transversely as well as longitudinally.

For example, in using chain-link wire fabrics for enclosing tennis courts, this must be tension-ed between posts andmustalso be fastoned to upper and lower rails spanning the posts, as it will not otherwise remain taut. In practice, the cost of such upper and lower rails and of the fastening of the fabric to such rails is prohibitive whenever the longitudinal spacing between the successive posts or other supports is considerable, so that the users of chain-link wire fabrics in many cases are obliged to erect these with an undesirably loose tensioning.

Furthermore, since the maximum diameter of a .ball which will pass through a square mesh (even when this has its sides tilted at angles 0 45 degrees to the horizontal) is al most equal to the length of a side of that mesh, such fabrics (when used as ball excluders in tennis court fences or grilles) must have meshes of a smaller size than is needed for the general ing an undesirably high cost both for the needed strands and for the intertwisting of these strands. I

My present invention aims to overcome all of the above recited shortcomings by providing a chain-link wire fabric which will onl require tensioning longitudinally of the fabric, in which this longitudinal tensioning (even if carried'to a considerable excess over that needed for stretching the fabric taut) will not distort the shape of the meshes or narrow the fabric, and in which the meshes can readily be shaped so as to have an unusually high object-excluding effect in proportion to their general dimensions.

Furthermore, my invention provides strand constructions for such fabrics which will permit the use of much taller meshes without decreasing eitherthe tautness of the fabric or its object-excluding characteristics, and which will permit certain strand and mesh portions to be formed with bends for increasing the object-excluding efficiency of the meshes and the appearance of the fabric, While still permitting an effective tensioning of the fabric; and which will permit the use of lighter wire for the same size of mesh openings than is allowable with the heretofore customary diamond-mesh fabrics.

Moreover, my invention provides strand construct-ions and strand assemblies embodying the above recited advantages and also designed so that meshes of different widths and 9 appearance can readily be formed in the same fabric, and so that certain mesh portions are interlinked longitudinally of each other after a manner of chains to permit an efiective tensioning of the fabric both along its longiguard effect, thereby involvtudinally extending edges and along spaced intermediate lines.

Generally speaking, I accomplish the objects of my invention by forming the strands so that three of the four bights at which each mesh is interlocked with other meshes aline longitudinally of the fabric, so that the fourth bight alines transversely of the fabric with the intermediate one of the aforesaid three bights, and so that two of the customary four side portions of the usual chain-link wire mesh extend aaproximately in continuation of each other. For example," in the righthand complete triangular mesh in 1 the three bights B, B and B aline longitudinally of the fabric; the fourth bighte alines transversely of the fabric with the intermediate one of the said three, alined bights, namely the bight B and the two strand legs 4 A and 4; B extend approximately in continuation of each other. Then I accomplish the enhanced object-excluding effect partly by the resulting fundamentally triangular shape of the meshes, and partly by forming one or more bends in at least one of the mesh sides which extend transversely of the fabric.

Illustrative of my invention and of the advantages afforded by the same are the following 19 views:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a fragment of a chain-link wire fabric embodying my invention, with dotted lines showing the maximum size, of balls which will pass through the meshes.

Fig. 2ris a diagrammatic view of a portion of an ordinary diamond-mesh type of chainlink. wire fabric, with meshes of the same height and width as those of Fig. 1, showing the relatively larger size of ball which will pass through such adiamond mesh.

Fig. 3 shows one of the meshes of Fig. 2 when distorted by a longitudinal tensioning of the fabric, and the still larger ball which will then pass through this mesh. 7

Fig. 4 shows a taller mesh of the type of the meshes of Fig. 1, and the maximum size of ball which will pass through it.

Fig. 5 shows a mesh of a fabric embodying my invention, with bends intwo sides to enhance its object-excluding effectiveness, together with the maximum size of ball which will pass through this mesh.

Fig. 6 diagrammatically shows a fragment of a fabric embodying my invention and fording generally triangular meshes, with a single mesh-reducing bend in each lateral side of the mesh.

Fig. '7 is a similar diagram, showing part of a fabric in which only one side of each mesh has a bent portion and in which this bent portion comprises two oppositely directed bends.

Fig. 8 shows fragment of a fabric in which each lateral side of a triangular mesh is formed with two oppositely directed bends.

Fig. 9 diagrammatically shows mesh wi .h another type of bend formations affording oppositely directed mesh-reducing bends in each lateral side of the mesh.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary elevation of an upright fabric embodying my invention and constituted of two difierent types of strands, so as to afford meshes having straight riser sides and other meshes having mesh-reducing formations in their riser sides.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged horizontal section, taken along the line 11-11 of Fig. 10 and showing the chain effect secured in my fabric.

Fig. 12 is a section similar to Fig. 11, showing another formation of the triangle-base forming-portions of thestrands, namely one in which the major parts of these portions are in axial alinement. V

Fig. 13 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of one of the left-hand strands of the fabric of Fig. 10.

Fig. 14: is a diagrammatic view of a diamondnnesh chain-link wire fabric with meshes of the same height and ball-exclu ding effectiveness as the meshes in the upper row of the fabric of Fig. 1O.

Fig. 15 is a diagrammatic View of a diamond-mesh chain-link wire fabric with meshes of the same height and ball-excluding effectiveness as the lower right-hand meshes in the fabric of Fig. 10.

Fig. 16 is a diagram showing the change in the shape and the ball-excluding effectiveness of one of the meshes of Fig. 15 when-this is tensioned horizontally, or longitudinally of the fabric.

Fig. 17 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of my fabric composed of strands affording straight-sided triangular meshes of uniform size- Fig. 18 is a similar diagrammatic View, showing a fabric portion composed of strands having base portions of diffe ent lengths, so as to afford meshes of equal height, but with some meshes narrower than others.

Fig. 19 is a diagrammatic view of a portion of a fabric embodying my invention, conr posed of standards in which every consecutive zigzag formation differs from the others, thereby afiording rows of relatively different meshes in the same fabric.

illustrative of such a simple type of my chain-link wire fabric, both Fig. 1 and the left-hand portion of Fig. 10 show a portion of a wire fence or the like formed entirely of counterpart strands extending transversely of the fabric (or generally upright in the drawings), each of these strands being of a flattened spiral or so-called zigzag wire type and having the consecutive bights so spaced that the adjacent bights in every two consecutive strands, can be interlinked by merely twisting one of the strands through the other.

In the triangular-mesh-forming part of each of these strands, each tooth-edge formation comprises an obliqueside leg 2extending at an acute angle to thelongitudinal axis 3 of the zigzag strand, and a base leg 4 extending at right angles to the said axis. .The legs 2 and t desirably extend in planes parallel to each other and to the axis of the strand, and

each side leg 2 is connected to two base legs 4:.

by bightsfi. These bights are so formed that the intertwisting of two consecutive strands will interlock their bights with-the base legs of one strand in the same plane P (transversely of the parallel axes of .the strands) with base legs of the-other strand, and that the bight-connected base legs are ofiset from each other at right angles to the general plane 6 of the fabric, as shown to an exaggerated extent in Fig. 11. Moreover, the strands are.

- their ends constitute a chain-like assembly (as shown in Fig. 11) which will stand severe tensioning longitudinally of these base legs.

Consequently, a wire fence with such meshes can be highly tensioned horizontally, and

' since this tensioning can easily be equalized for every row of base legs, the meshes are not distorted in shape by it. Since such a desirable tensioning can be secured regardless of the proportion of the height of themeshes to their width, 1 am also able to provide fabrics with relatively tall meshes without weakening the fabric, such as the mesh of Flg. 4.

Furthermore, the object-excluding effectiveness of such triangular meshes is much 1 greater than that of diamond-shaped meshes of the same height and spread, in proportion to the same amount ofwire in the fabric. For example, the same maximum size of ball G which would pass through. the triangular meshes in the upperrow of Fig. lOwould also just pass through the diamond-shaped meshes 7 of Fig. 1 1, but the fabric of Fig. 1% W111 require a much greater number of strands for a given length of the fabric, thereby 1ncreasing both the cost of the needed wire and the cost of assembling the strands.

Owing to the above described ability to tension my fabric longitudinally along the longit-udinal chain-forming portions, I am also able to increasethe height of meshesof a given width greatly, without unduly weakening the fabric and also without aproportionate increase 1n the maximum size of ball or the like which will pass through the meshes.

For example, when the meshiof Fig. lisverchain-like interlinking of the base-forming portions remains the same, so that the fabricwill stand the same longitudinal tensioning as that of Fig. 1. At the same time, the maximum size of ball M which will pass through the mesh of Fig. 4 is only slightly larger than that of the ball E in Fig. 1.

Moreover, I can further enhance the object-excluding effectiveness of any meshes of my fabric, regardless of the proportions between the heights and the base lengths of the meshes, by forming at least one of the riser sides of the mesh with at least one bend extending approximately in the general plane of the fabric. For maximum effectiveness in this respect, I preferably form each riser side of the mesh (or mesh side extending transversely of the fabric) with two oppositely directed bends, each of which bends extends inwardly of the mesh for a considerable distance beyond an imaginary straight line 9 connecting the ends of that mesh side. lVith such doubly bent riser sides, the mesh H of Fig. 10 will exclude balls of any size greater than the ball A in that figure, as compared with the maximum sized ball G excluded by a mash of the same height and base length but having straight riser sides.

lVhen the bends in the two sides of a triangular mesh of my fabric are so formed that these two sides have portions thereof extending parallel to each other, the resulting increase in object-excluding effectiveness is substantially independent of the height of the triangles. Thus, Figs. 4 and 5 show a straight-sidedmesh and a configurated mesh respectively corresponding to two such meshes in the lower row of Fig. 10, but relatively taller, the interior outline of the mesh of Fi 4 being duplicated in Fig. 5 by the dotted lines 10, and these last-named two figures show how muchlarger a ball M would pass through the straight-sided mesh of Fig. 4 that the ball G which is of the maximum size that would pass between the parallel side portions 12 of the configurated mesh of Fig. 5. Likewise Fig. 10 shows how much larger diametered a ball C will pass through one of the straight-sided upper meshes than the ball A which is the largest that can pass between the straight riser side portions of the mesh H, when the meshes in these two rows have the same mesh-corner spacing as indicated by the dotted lines.

Owing to this increase in objectexcluding effectiveness, my fabric can be constructed of a much smaller number of strands for excluding objects of the same diameter, than is required for a diamond-mesh or ordinary chain-link wire fabric. For example, the excluding of the ball A in Fig. 15 requires many illustrated more strands for a given length of the fabric than are needed for the same size of'ball with lower meshes H of the fabric of Fig. 10, so that I effect a decided saving both in the needed length of wire and in the cost of insioned longitudinally of the fabric, as by stretching such a fabric between posts spaced longitudinally of the fabric. Consequently, the number of such bends in one or both riser sides of a mesh, as well as the shape of the bends and their positions with respect to the corners of the meshes can be varied greatly without preventing the fabric from being adequately tensioned.

In practice, each such mesh-opening reducing bend is desirably spaced from both ends of the mesh side in which it is formed, so that the bent side portion is connected to a corner of the mesh by a side portion which extends at an acute angle to the basal side of the mesh, and the bends in the opposite riser sides of the same mesh may extend either in the same directions lon itudinally of the fabric or in opposite directions.

For example, in Fig. 6, each riser side of I every mesh includes two end portions extending at thev same angle to the basal mesh side land at an acute angle to the general axis 3 of the strand of which that riser side forms a part, and an intermediate bend P lying in the general plane. of the fabric. These bends in riser sides of the meshes of each horizontal row (or row longitudinal of the fabric) in .6 all are bowed in the same lateral. direction; but still. greatly reduce effective mesh opening, since the size of the illustrated ball S is obviously much smaller than the size which would pass through the samemeshes if the bends P were absent.

The effective reduction in the size of the mesh opening is still more increased when each riser side hastwo oppositely directed bends and when the bends in the two riser sides of a mesh are bowed toward each other. For example, if the oblique end portions 1 of each riser side are connected by an 33- sha ed intermediate portion U as inFi 8 the maximum excluded ball V-may be of a diameter considerably less than the half the height of themesh, whereas in 6 the maximum excluded ball is full half the height of the mesh.

In practice, the shape of such an internie- I diate bent portion of a riser side may be varied greatly, wh1le stlll enhancing the obect-excludmg capacity of the'mesh, as shown for example by the intermediate mesh-side portions U in the second and fourth horizontal rows from the top of Fig. 19.

So also, the end portions T of such riser sides need not be straight, and the-acute angles between these end portions and the basal mesh sides 4 may vary, as also the relative length of these end portions in proportion to the total length of the mesh side of which they form parts. For example, both end portions T are shown in the bottom row of Fig. 19 as arcuate; and in the fourth row from the bottom of this figure, the entire part W of each mesh side beyond the lower arcuate end portion is of a continuous curvature. Indeed, the entire riser side may be of a simple S-shaped curvature, as shown at X in the middle horizontal row of Fig. 19, since this merely means a rounding out of the sharp angles in the riser sides of the upper row of the same figure.

In addition to affording the recited reduction in size of the effective mesh'opening, the above-d scribed bends in the strand legs which extends obliquely ofthe fabric also permit the use of much taller meshes (as heretofore described in connection with Figs. at and 5) and afford a desirable resiliency to each mesh riser side against blows at right angles to the general plane of the fabric. However, the inclusion of such bends does not interfere with a ready intertwisting of the strands; and in practice, the additional cost of providing these bends is greatly outweighed by the reductionin the number of strands needed in a fabric of given area for excluding objects of a given maximum size, and by the reduced cost of intertwining the needed strands.

lVhat is more, since the alining short strand legs 4 which together form a horizontal side of a mesh H in Fig. 10 aline longitudinally of the fabric, these will resist a strong tensioning strain longitudinally of the fabric, or horizontally in Fig. 10. On the other hand, a similar tensioning strain in Fig. 15 will readily distort that mesh to the shape shown in Fig. 16, in which it will permit the much larger ball R to pass through it. Consequently, i am also able to use considerably lighter wire for a fabric having the meshes H of Fig. 10 than would be required for a fabric with'the diamond meshes of Fig. 15, thereby greatly reducing both the initial cost of the fabric and the shipping expense.

With all types of my fabric, it will be noted that although each mesh presents four bights interlock-ed with other meshes, the meshes are effectively three-cornered or fundamentally triangular. With counterpart strands employedfor the fabric, as in Fig. 17, these meshes are disposed both inhorizontal rows and in vertical rows, with the triangular meshes upright in the alternate vertical rows and inverted in the intervening rows. Owing to this alternate arrangement, such a fabric presents substantially straight longitudinal edges, which will be at thetop and bottom of the fabric when disposed upright, so that no auxiliary edge wires are required. 'More over, the connecting of each triangular mesh at the middle of its base to two converging side legs of another mesh affords a truss effect resisting downward pressure on the base; so that my fabric will more readily stand the strains of any one attempting to climb it, even when the side legs are configurated after the manner of meshes of Fig; 19, in which figure the dotted lines 9 show straight sides of triangular meshes of the same base and height, which straight-sided meshes obviouss 1y would pass much larger objects than meshes having any of the .configurated side shapes shown in the various rows of this figure. r

In all of the illustrated embodiments of my fabric, it will be noted that everytwo consecutive strands can readily present portions projecting beyond a fabric edge in which the strand portions are'in a common plane (longitudinal of the fabric and at right angles to the general plane 6'of'the fabric) and that the two projecting portions of each two consecutive strands can readily be twisted together to form twists T (as in Fig. 10), thereby enhancing the rigidity of the fabric.

However, the strands in my fabric need notall be counterparts of one another either in the length of their base-formingportions or in the shape of their riser-side forming portions provided that the spacings between the consecutive base-forming portions '(or lengths of the saw-tooth edge zigzag formations in the strand) are uniform. With these spacings uniform, strands affording meshes of different widths can readily be interwoven, as shown in Fig. 18 where the meshes D are considerably narrower than the meshes P.

So also, the consecutive mesh-side forming parts of each strand need not be counter parts. For example, I can makethe upper row of meshes in a fabric different in appearance from other'rows by making theupper mesh-side-forming side K straight as in Fig.

10, while providing bends in other mesh-side forming parts L of the same strand, thereby producing meshes of varying shapes in the same fabric without compllcatlng the manu facture or materially increasingthe cost of the fabric. So also the form of the bent mesh sides may bevaried indefinitely, as shown for example by the nine different types in Fig. 19, so that my fabric permits the economic producing of an endless variety of. ornamental effects in addition to reducing.

the cost in proportion to the strength and object-excluding effectiveness of the fabric. In Fig. 19, it willv be obvious that While the meshes in the different horizontal rows are all fundamentally triangular and of the same height and base length, both the amount of wire required for the meshes in these different rows and their object-excluding capacity Vary considerably. For example, each mesh of the fourth horizontal row from the bottom will still pass a ball 21 through the mesh adjacent to the base of the latter, but will only pass a much smaller ball 22 near the apex of the mesh; and that the meshes of the third horizontal row from the bottom will pass the maximum size balls 23 and 24 respectively through mesh portions of different elevations. On the other hand, the meshes of either the uppermost or the lowesthorizontal rows will only pass a maximum size of ball25 throughout any portion of the mesh, provided that the intermediate portion 12 of each mesh extends parallel to and equidistant from each of the imaginary edge lines 27 of the constituent strands. The saving in wire and the securing of a uniform object-excluding capacity is obtained by forming the mesh-side parts of each strand so that each end porti0n28 is oblique to both of the imaginary side edge lines 27, and so that the intermediate portion 12of each mesh side is both parallel to and extends midway between these side edge lines; and the resulting economy in wire is particularly effective when the length of the intermediate portion 12 is greater than the sum of the two I appearance, of the fabric, need not extend in both directions beyond the general direction of the mesh sides in which they are formed, nor will they need to beformed in every strand of a fabric. For example, Fig. 6 shows a fabric of my invention in which a single bend is formed in every obliquely extending leg of each strand. Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of my invention in which only the alternate riser sides of each alternate strand have bends formed in their obliquely extending legs, each bend formation comprising two oppositely directed bends connected in S-formation and disposed in the general plane of the strand.

Fig. 8 showssuch S-formations or twin but oppositely directed) bends in the obliquely extending legs of each strand, and Fig; 9 shows a similar mesh inwhich the S bend portions present sharp angles.

So also, I do not wish to be limited to any one formation ofthe bights 5 (Fig. 13) of the constituent stands. nor to any particular spacing between the planes in which the axes of the oblique legs 2 and the right-angle legs c each other,

i'of the strand are respectively disposed. In Fig. 13, each of these bights is formed by a strand portion curved for 180 degrees when viewed in a plane at right angles to the axis of the strand, as in Fig. 11. However, each bight-forming strand bend might ez-ztend through a longer arc, as shown in 12, so as to dispose the axes of all legs of the strand in the general plane of the fabric, thereby also disposing the consecutively interlinked base legs 4 in axial alinement with one another.

Moreover, it is to be understood that I am using the term triangular in the appended claims in a generic sense in which it is not limited as to the shape of the triangle sides. o

I claim as my invention:

1. A chain-link wire fabric presenting rows of meshes extending longitudinally of the fabric, each row comprising a series of erect triangular meshes alternating with a series of inx erted'triangular meshes; each mesh of one series having the base of each thereof formed of portions of two consecutive strands of the fabric, and interlinked with each other and with base portions of two adjacent meshes of thesame series to afford a chain effect longitudinally of the fabric along the said base portions; the other two'sides of each mesh of the same series converging toward and one of the mesh sides having intermediate its ends a bend bowed toward the other side.

2. A chain-link wire fabric presenting rows of meshes extending longitudinally of the fabric, each row comprising a series of erect triangular meshes alternating with a series of inverted triangular meshes, the meshes of each series having the base of each thereof formed of portions of two consecutive strandsof the fabric and interlinked with each other and with base portions of two adjacent meshes of the same series the interlinked base portions of every two adjacent meshes ofrthe same series extending longitudinally of the fabric in parallel directions and in a common plane, whereby the fabric presents mesh bases interlinked in chain formations extending longitudinally of the fabric both along the longitudinal edges of the fabric and uniformly spaced intermediate portions of the fabric; at least one of the sides of each triangular mesh having a considerable portion thereof bent out of the general direction in which that side extends,

with the end lying approximately in the aforesaid plane.

3. A chain-link type of wire fabric comprising zigzag strands directly intertwisted to form meshes all of triangular shape and disposed in rows extending longitudinally of the strands, every such row having one side and a part, of another side of each mesh of that row formed by a single strand, at

least one side of each triangular mesh having a bend bowed toward another side thereof. T

4. A chain-link wire fabric comprising con secuti-vely laterally reversed and directly intertwisted zig-zag strands extending transversely of the fabric and forming rows of triangular meshes,which rows extend longitudinally of the fabric, with one side of each mesh longitudinal of the fabric and with the of the triangular meshes being formed with bends bowed inwardly of the meshes for materially reducing the maximum size of objects excluded by the meshes.

6. strand for a chain-link type of wire fabric affording an enhanced object-excluding effect in its meshes; comprising a wire formed into a flattened spiral in which the alternate half-turns of the spiral extend at right angles to the axis of the spiral and have the axes of these half-turns disposed in a common plane, and in which one of each two consecutive half-turns has a bend intermediate its ends, the said bend lying approximately in a plane parallel to that along which the spiral is flattened.

7. A strand for a chain-link type of wire fabric affording an enhanced object-excluding effect in its meshes; comprising a wire formed into a flattened spiral in which the alternate half-turns of the spiral extend at right angles to the axis of the spiral and have the axes of these half-turns disposed in a common plane, and in which each intervening half-turn has intermediate its end two bends bowed in respectively opposite directions beyond a straight line connecting the ends of that half-turn; the said interposed half-turns including their bends being disposed in a common plane approximately parallelto the'plane along which the spiral is flattened.

8. A strand for a chain-link type of wire fabric affording an enhanced object-excluding effect in its meshes; comprising a wire formed into a' flattened spiral in which the alternate half-turns of the spiralextend atright angles to the axis of the spiral and have the axes of these half-turns disposed in a common plane, and in which each alternate interposed half-turn has a. bend intermediate its ends, each of the said interposed half-turns.

including its said bend being disposed in a common plane bend lying approximately parallel to the plane along which the spiral is flattened.

9. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric, comprising a wire formed into a flattened spiral presenting consecutively counterpart zigzag formations presenting bights at each lateral edge of the strand, the said formations comprising substantially straight legs extending at right angles to the axis of the strand, and oblique legs each extending at an acute angle to the said axis between two consecutive right-angle legs, each of the oblique legs having an intermediate portion thereof formed with a bend bowed substantially in the general plane of the strand out of straight line connecting the ends of that leg.

10. A chain-link wire fabric comprising consecutively laterally reversed and consecutively intertwisted zigzag strands extending transversely of the fabric and presenting rows of triangular meshes longitudinally of the fabric with the triangular meshes of each row alternately upright and inverted; the said strands being formed so that each triangular mesh includes a straight side extending longitudinally of the fabric, and that at least one of the other sides of the triangle comprises two end portions extending atan acute angle to the said straight side, and an intermediate portion extending at a large angle to the said straight side.

11. A chain-link wire fabric comprising consecutively laterally reversed and consecutively intertwisted zigzag strands extending transversely of the fabric and presenting rows of triangular meshes longitudinally of the fabric with the triangular meshes of each row alternately upright and inverted; the said strands being formed so that each triangular mesh includes a straight side extending longitudinally of the fabric, and that at least one of the other sides of the triangle comprises two end portions extending at an acute angle to the said straight side, and an intermediate portion extending at right angles to the said straight side.

12. A chain-link wire fabric comprising consecutively laterally reversed and inter twisted zigzag spiral strands all spiraled in the same direction and extending transversely of the fabric and forming rows of triangular meshes which rows extend longitudinally of the fabric, and in each of which rows each alternate triangular mesh has a straight basal side extending in substantially a common plane with similar disposed basal sides of other meshes; at least one of the other sides of each of the same alternate meshes having two bands respectively bowed into that mesh and into an adjacent mesh of the same row so as to induce the effective size of the opening of both of the last-named meshes. I

13. A chain-link wire fabric comprising consecutively laterally reversed and intertwisted zigzag spiral strands all spiraled in the same direction and extending transversely of the fabric and forming rows of triangular meshes which rows extend longitudinally of the fabric, and in each of which rows each alternate triangular mesh has a straight basal side extending in substantially a common plane with similar disposed basal sides of other meshes; at least one of the other sides of each of the same alternate meshes having two substantially straight end portions extending at acute angles to the basal side of the mesh, and a substantially S-shaped intermediate portion lying approximately in the general plane of the fabric.

14. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric, comprising a wire formed into a flattened spiral presenting a zigzag formation in ele vation and having every alternate half-turn of the spiral extending in a plane at right angles to the axis of the spiral; each intervening half-turn comprising an intermediate portion extending parallel to the said axis, and two end portions respectively extending in opposite directions from and oblique to the intermediate portion.

15. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric, as per claim 14, in which the intermediate portion of each of the said intervening halfturns extends midway between two imaginary lines extending respectively along the side edges of the zigzagged strand.

16. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric, as per claim 14, in which the intermediate portion of each of the said intervening halfturns is greater in length than the sum of the lengths of the end portions of the same half-turn.

17. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric, comprising a wire formed into a flattened spiral presenting a zigzag formation in elevation and having every alternate half-turn of the spiral extending in a plane at right angles to the axis of the spiral; each intervening half-turn comprising two end portions disposed oblique to the said axis, and an intermediate portion extending across an imaginary straight line connecting the ends of the said half-turn.

18. A strand for a chain-link wire fabric,

as per claim 17 in which the said intermediate portion of the intervening half-turn is of greater length than either end portion of the same half-turn.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, September ARTHUR A. G. LAND.

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