US1726494A - Coke oven - Google Patents

Description

Patented Aug. 27, 1929.

UNITED STATES.

PATENT OFFICE.

MAX KEL'I'ING, F BOCHUM, GERMANY.-

COKE OVEN.

Application filed July 13, 1925, Serial No. 43,428, and in Germany July 18, 1924.

My invention relates to coke ovens and more especially to the heating flues forming part of such ovens. It is an object of my invention topromote the gravity circulation of the heating gases by means of the fresh gas and 'air for combustion which are sup plied to the flues through-the usual burners.

To this end I so arrange the said burners and the passages for discharging a certain percentage of the circulating gases that the direction in which the burners deliver and the waste gases are discharged from the passages, conform to the direction in which the gases flow at the points of delivery and dis- 1 charge.

In a preferred embodiment of my invention I provide a main flue and transverse artitions therein which do not extend as ar as the bottom and the top of the main flue. By these means I obtain a plurality of parallel and preferably vertical uptakes and downtakes in connection with the main flue, and in these uptakes and downtakes I obtain closed circuits of flowing gases. Gas

and air for combustion are continuously introduced into these circuits at a suitable point by burners, and a corresponding percentage of waste gases is discharged therefrom at another point of the circuit.

Preferably the gas and air for combustion are introduced into the uptakes so that the.

an experimental flue and burner.

buoyancy of the burning mixture causes it to rise therein. This tendency may be promoted by introducing the gas and air in parallel with the axis of the uptakes, that is as a rule vertically upwards, and by injecting the gas and air through a nozzle.

In heating fluesand particularly in long vertical flues a considerable temperature gradient occurs if gas and air are introduced at one point of the flue and the waste gases I are discharged at another point. It has already been proposed to make such a flame longer and more uniform by admixing inert gas for instance smoke gas.

According to my invention no inert gas is admixed and'the percentage of inert gas which is contained in the products of combustion remains with the circulating gas with the exception of an amount corresponding to the percentage of fresh gas and air introduced which amount is continuously discharged.

It has also been proposed to introduce gas and air in parallel streams into the heating flues through Vertical nozzles in order to increase the length of the flame. The effect obtained is due to the parallel flow of as and air by which the mixing of the fluids 1 is delayed.

According to my invention, the kinetic energy of the flowing fluids under pressure is utilized for promoting the circulation.

It has also been proposed to effect continuous circulation in the heating flues of a coke oven by introducing the air for combustlon in an upwardly directed stream into the circulating gases and by introducing the gas in a downwardly directed stream at the point where the upward flow is reversed. This method, however, failed to operate because the action of the rising stream of air which in any case would'not be sufficient for obtaining the desired result, was directly counteracted by the buoyancy of the gas. Moreover introducing gas at the point where the direction of the gas is reversed renders its energy ineffective.

In the drawings affixed to this specification and forming part thereof a coke oven embodylng my invention is illustrated diagrammatically by way of example. In the drawings: a Fig. 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a serles of flues, and

Fig.' 2 is a transverse vertical section of Referring now to the drawings: 1 and 2 are horizontal walls of the coke oven definmg a horizontal heating flue 3. Uptakes and downtakes a and b, respectively are formed in said flue by transverse partitions 4. The partitions do not extend as far as the top and bottom of the flue 3 so that each of the uptakes and downtakes are connected by a passage 0 at the top and a passage al at the bottom. Burners 5 comprising an air nozzle 9 and a gas pipe f are arranged in the wall 2 below each uptake a, and discharge ports h are arranged below each 1 0 downtake b.

The products of combustion of each burner 5 rise in the uptakes a and are deflected into the downtakes b at the top of the partitions 4. A percentage of the gases which correspond to the percentage of fresh gas and air for combustion supplied through the burners 5 is discharged through each port It below. the downtakes. The remainder of the gases is deflected into the adjoining uptakes a 119 through the passage cl and partakes in the continuous circulation of the gases as indi cated by the arrows. The ports h are connected to a common main flue, not shown.

It will be understood that the temperature of the gases is considerably higher in the uptakes on than in the downtakes b and that the specific gravity of the gases is corredowntakes.

spondingly less in the uptakes than in the This efl'ects an automatic gravity circulation as indicated. As soon as the circulation has been started, the gases will circulate continuously and the fluids from the burners have no tendency to short-circuit into the discharge ports 72. through the passage d. v

The energy of the circulation may be in creased by injecting the fluids from the burner under any desired pressure.

It is customary in coke ovens to introduce gas from below to the vertical gas flues but in my invention a much better efiect is achieved by the continuous circulation of the gases. On the other hand, "the circulation of the gases only becomes really effective when the buoyancy of the products of combustion is utilized for promoting the circulation.

This theory has been confirmed by experiments in an experimental oven which is illustrated in Fig. 2. In this figure 6 is the oven and 7 is the single partition subdividing the oven chamber into an uptake 8' and a downtake 9 which are connected by short horizontal passages at the top and the bottom, as in the flue 3 Fig. 1.

Gas and air were introduced through the burner m, the gas pipe being indicated at f. h is the discharge port. When the gas was ignited at the burner m the desired circulation started immediately. As soon as the operation had been properly started, the gas supply was shut off and the temperature at the top and the bottom of the oven was measured by means of an optical pyrometer. The temperature was 1060 degrees centi- 1. Heating chamber for coke ovens having an uptake conduit and a downtake conduit connected together at their top and bottom ends respectively, a burner with an air nozzle at the lower end of said uptake conduit and communicating therewith, and means for discharging part of the products of combustion from said heating chamber at the lower end of said downtake conduit.

2. Heating chamber-for coke ovens having an uptake conduit and a downtake conduit connected together at their top and bottom ends respectively, a burner with an air nozzle at the lower end of said uptake conduit and communicating therewith, and a vertical discharge duct at the lower end of said downtake conduit adapted for discharging products of combustion from said heating chamber.

3. Heating chamber for coke ovens having an uptake conduit and a downtake conduit connected together at their top and bottom ends respectively, a burner with an air nozzle at the lower end of said uptake conduit and communicating therewith, and means for discharging part of the products of combustion from said heating chamber at the lower end of said downtake conduit, said burner being adapted to discharge gas into said uptake in a direction along the same, and said means comprising a duct extending in the same direction as said downtake conduit.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MAX KELTING.

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