US1721277A - Scoop condenser - Google Patents

Description

m15 la 1929- D. w. R. MORGAN 1,721,277

l 'cbo C'ON'DEN'SR 'F'ed oct 2,'192"r f3 sheets-snede i Fogg.

@GLM

ATTORNEY` July 16, 1929. D, W, R, MORGAN 1,721,277

SCOOP CONDENSER Filed Oct. 28, L.1.927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 FSQA.

wiTNEssEs: INVENTOR i6 DMl-R.Morqn G'. T5. M

ATTORN EY il t) Patented July 16, 1929.

:DAVIDV W. R. MORGAN, OF SWARTHMOR-E, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSGNOR 'LO- WESTING- House ELECTRIC a Vania. f n L MANUFACTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFKPILNNSYL- SCOOP CONDENSER.

Application filed October 28, 1927. Serial VNo. 229,503.

My invention relates to scoop condensers, and it has for an object to provide means for improving the circulating system for thisy l vided for producing the necessary head when the speed of the vessel is not sufficient to develop it. However, the arrangement of scoops is such that Whether the pressure head be developed by the speed of the vessel or partially by a stand-by pump, the cooling media is not equally distributed to the tubes, and adequate iioiv through the outer rows of tubes is notl obtained. This is particularly objectionable in the `tubes adjacent the steam inlet, Where the temperature of the condensable gases is the hightest, for the flow of circulating media through these tubes on the inlet side of the nest is not always adequate to ei'ect a proper transfer of heat, and, in some cases, the circulating media is sufficiently heated to be transformed into steam. This condition is obviously unsatisfactory, for it causes such circulating media, as remains in the tubes, to pass back md forth, and the steam also issues from the tubes and forms steam pockets in the Water boxes and seriously interferes with the operation of the condenser. Y n

More particularly, therefore, an object of my invention is to provide means for more equally distributing the flow of circulating Y media, especially through the outer tubes` of the nest, and to provide for an adequate iioW through the tubes on the inlet side of the condenser.

Another object is to provide means for intermittently utilizing` the available pressure headV for passing cooling media through a portion of the nest of cooling tubes and, in the event that full circulation is required, for translating cooling media through the remaining portion of the nest.

A further object is to provide means for automatically controlling' a circulating system of the type described.

Apparatus embodying the features of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this application, in Which: i Fig.` 1 is an elevation qf a marine power installation equipped with an automatic control system for cont-rolling the flow of circulating media through a surface condenser;

F 1g. 2 is a sectional View of a throttle valve; i

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of a turbine; and, i

Figs. 4 and 5 are similar to Fig.` l, but show modified forms of my invention. According to my invention a guide vane is pivotally mounted in some suitable position, as on a tube sheet in the inlet Water box. This vane isadapted, in its normal position, to deflect a portion of the main stream of circulating media toward the tubes on the inlet side of the nest, and in this Way to insure an adequate fiovv through these tubes. The vane isv also adapted to closeoff a portion of the nest, as for example, the inlet side of the nest so that When operating.

under light loads the circulating media may be directed through only a portion of the nest in which case the pressure head, due tothe progress of the vessel, may be adequate to. produce the proper iiovv even at reduced speeds. Fluid translating means are also provided, such for example, as a propeller pump, for Atranslating cooling media through a portion of thel nest While the scoop action is effective to passfthe cool-y ing media through the remaining the nest.

My invention also contemplates the pro- Vision of means for automatically producing these desired effects in response to either the conditions of temperatureA and pressure Within the condenser or in response to con denser pressure and to pressure in a stage of the turbine.

Referring noW to the drawing for a better understanding of my invention, I show, in Fig. 1, a turbine 10 and a scoop condenser 11, which is provided With a suitable inlet scoop 13, an inlet Water, box 14a discharge Water box 16 anda discharge scoop 17.

Pivotally mounted in the inlet Water box 14C, as on the tube sheet 18, is a` guide vane 19, and similarly disposed in the Water box 16 is a guide vane 21. These Vanes are, preferably, arranged -to be inclined vaway from the condenser steam. inlet, asv shown,

porti on of and to project slightly into the scoops 13 and 17, respectively, so as to divide the main stream. of circulating media passing therethrough and to deflect the proper amount oi' this stream toward the tubes in the inlet side of the nest, and particularly toward the outermost rows of these tubes. In this way it is assured that, whether thevessellbe proceeding ahead or astern, an adequate ilow will be maintained througlrthe outermost tubes on the inlet side ot' the nest provided the motion of the vessel is suicient to produce this `flow.

However, at reduced speeds and also when running astern, it is frequently necessary to provide some form of fluid translating means to assist the iiow of circulating media through the nest. I provide for such conditions by mounting the propeller pump 22 in the passage 23, which communicates with the forward scoop 13 and with the water bor; 14.` At such times as the motion of the vessel is inadequate to produce the proper vflow through the entire nest, the vane 19 maybe swung against the abutment 24, provided in the scoop 13, so as to close oif the tubes on the inlet side of the nest from the incomingstream of circulating media and to direct this entire stream through the remaining portion of the nest. The pump 22 is then operated to pass circulating media from the scoop 13 through the passage 23, the water box 14 and the tubes on the inlet side of the nest. Thus, the action 'of the scoop is rendered more eiective, :tor the pressure head developed is utilized in passing the cooling media through only a portion of the nest, while thel auxiliary pump 22 is utilized to pass circulating media through the remaining portion. Y

It may also occur that the turbine 10 may be operating at a relatively light load, in which case the entire condensing surface would not be necessary, and undervthese conditions it would be possible to produce the proper vacuum in the condenser by passn ing circulating media through only a portion of the cooling tubes. Should these conditions occur, the vanes 19 and 21 would be raised, or closed, so thatthe vane 19 would be swung against the abutment 24 and the vane 21 would he swung against the abutment 26. thus closing oit a portion of the nest on the inlet side of the same and directing the main stream ot circulating media through the'remaining portion of the nest of cooling` tubes.

Any suitable means may be provided `for operating the vanes 19 and 21, but preferably pressure-responsive devices, such as the uid relays 27 and 23, are provided for this purpose rIhese relays are similar in all respects and hence, a description of either willv befadequate. n i

The relay 27 comprises a working cylinderV 29 having therein a piston 31 which is connected by means of itsy rod 32 and the link 33 to the vane 19. rllhe pilot valve 34 tor controlling the piston 31 comprises a spool type piston valve 36, whichis urged by the spring 37 into a position to admit any suitable fluid under pressure through the port 3S and the valve housing and through the connection 39 to the upper side of the piston 31 in the working Vcylinder 29, and to permit fluid to be discharged from the cylinder 29, on the rod side of the piston 31, through the connection 41, and the valve housing and the discharge port 42. In case the pilot valve 36 is moved to its other eX- treme position, it will be obvious that the reverse operation will take place, and that fluid will be exhausted from the cylinder 29 through the connection 39 and the discharge port 43, the piston 31 being actuated by the pressure of the iiuid acting through the connect-ion 41 and on the rod side of the piston 31, in whichl case the vane 19 would be swung against the abutment 24 in the forward scoop 13.

While any suitable means may be provided for actuating the pump 22, I preferably provide, either an electric motor, or a suitable turbine. In the form shown I have provided an electric motor 44. In order that the electric motor 44 may be automatically brought into play ,to operate the pump 22 at the proper time, I provide anelectrical control system comprising the positive bus bar 45 and the negative bus bar 46, and I connect the motor 44 with the positive side of the line through the connection 47, a snap switch 43 and the connection 49. The negative lead from the motor 44 is connected with the negative bus bar 46 and comprises the connection 52, the solenoid 53 and the connection 54.

. From the connection 54, the negative lead from the motor 44 is divided into parallel circuits which are rendered alternately effective by the gravity switch 56. As shown, the gravity switch 56 completes the circuit Vfrom the connection 54 to the connection 57, through the solenoid 58 and connection 59 to the negative bus bar 46. lVhen the gravity switch 56 is in its uppermost position it completes the circuit from the connection through the connections 61 and 62 tothe negative bus bar 46. Y

` The solenoids 53 and 58 are arranged to actuate the pilot valves of the tluidpressure relays 2'? and 23 respectively, the pilot valves being` held in their upper positions when the solenoids are energized. It will be apparent, therefore, that when the gravity switch 56 is in its lower position, both solenoids 53 and 58'will be energized and both relays 27 and 23 will operate to raise the vanes 19 and 21, spectively. On' the other hand, when the gravity switch 56 is in its upper position,

only the solenoid 53 will be energized and consequently, only the vane 19 will be raised.

The snap switch 48 is connected with an expansible bellows 63, which is adapted to be actuated by a suitable fluid in the connection 64, which leads to a closed vessel (not shown) withinthe condenser. The characteristics of this fluid are such that when the proper conditions of temperature and pressure exist within the condenser, the volume of the fluid will permit the bellows 63 to contract and thus the snap switch 48 will be held in an open position by the spring 66, in which case the motor 44 cannot actuate the pump 22; However, should the vacuum fall off in the condenser, this would be accompanied by an increase in temperature which would expand the bellows 63 so as to close the snap 48 and actuate the motor 44.

To preclude theV possibility of having the Vane 21 swing against the abutment 26 in the aft scoop 17 while the motor 44 isoperating, I provide a solenoid 67 for controllingy the gravity switch 56. This solenoidV 67 is shunted across the terminals of the motor by means of the connections 68 and 69, respectively. I-Ience, whenever the motor 44 is operating, the solenoid 67 willbe energized and will hold the gravity switch in its upper position wherein it will complete the circuit bet-Ween the connections 61 and 62' to the negative bus, while the circuit to the solenoid 58 will beopen at the gravity switch 56. It will thus be seen that the arrangement thus far described is adapted to automatically control the pump 22 from conditions of temperature and pressure'existing within the condenser.

In order to provide for obtaining an improved circulation through the cooling surface required for condensingr steam veX- hausted during periods of relatively light load, I provide means for rendering a portion of the cooling surface ineffective andy rely upon the scoop action to pass circulating media through the active portion of the condensing apparatus. `I accomplish this by swinging the vane 19 against the abutment 24 in the forward scoop 13 and by swinging the vane 21 against the abutment 26 in the aft scoop 17 so as to render the inlet side ot the nest inactive and to pass the main stream of circulating media through the lower position ofthe nest of cooling tubes. This objective is attained by actuating the pressure-responsive devices 27 and 28, by means of the solenoids 53 and 58,

to close the vanes 19 and 21.

That this may be done without interfering with the operation of the control system previously described, I provide a connection 71 between the positive bus 45 and a switch `72. An expansible bellows 73, similar to the bellows 63, is connected to the switch 72 and by means of the tube 74 with However, should the load be decreased on` the turbine, the corresponding drop in pressure and temperature will cause the fluid in the vessel 76 to permit the bellows 73 to contract, andy this will permit the spring 77 to force the switch 72 into a closed position and will permit current to pass from,

the positive side of the line through the connections 78 and 52 to energize the sole noid 53, and thence to pass through the connection across the contacts of' the gravity switch 56 to energize the solenoid 58 from whence it returns to the negative sidel ofthe line through the connection 59. It will be observed in this case, that both solenoids 53 and 58 are energized and hence actu-ate the respective .pilot valves 36 to raise the pistons and close the vanes 19 and 21, respectively. Itwill also be observed that the circuit from the positive side of the line is through theV connection 71, switch 72, connections 78 and 52, and that the motor circuit is open at the switch 48, so that themotor will not be affected. y

From the apparatus thus far described, it will be apparent that thefluid containedl in the vessel 76 in the turbine need have only such` characteristics as will cause it to contract on a decrease in temperature and as this decrease, which would occur in a stage of the turbine, will be quite an appreciable one, the range of temperature over which the desired decrease in volume of this fluid may take place is quite large. VLikewise, the fluid which actuates they bellows 63 might only have such characteristics as will cause it to expand on an increase in temperature above that'corresponding to the, desired vacuum in the condenser. It will readily` be seen, therefore, that by this system of .dual control, the fluids employed for actuating the bellows 63 and 7 3-respectively, need have definite characteristics at only one ypoint on the temperature scale,

instead of at two points, as would be the caseif only one fluid were used, and hence,

many iuids are suitable for this purpose.

VWlhilethere are many advantages of this dual control system,A I prefer to have the conditions of temperature and pressureV within the condenser dominate my control system. This is desirable so that, should the circulation of cooling media decrease in the condenser, and at the same time the load on the turbine be decreased, the vacu.- I

um would still be maintained in the condenser. Considering this aspect of my invent-ion` it will be apparent that, should the snap switch 4?- and the switch 72 be turbine will not interfere withthe main-A tenance of proper vacuum in the condenser. rlhe apparatus shown 1n F ig. 1 may be Vreadily adapted to a turbine-driven pump as well as to a motor-driven pump. In case a turbine-driven pump were to be used, a throttle valve 79, such as shown in Fig.' '2, might be used to control the turbine.

From Fig. 2 it will be seen that the valve 79 is normally held on its seat by spring 81, and that this valve Vmay be opened by energizing the solenoid 82. To substitute a turbine-driven pump for the motor unit 44, it would merely be necessary, therefore1 A to connect the solenoid 82 to the connections 49 and 52 in F ig. 1, 'so that instead of having a current through these connections actuate a motor, it vwould energize the solenoid 82 and open the throttle valve to operate'a turbine (not shown).

The aoaaratus shown in Fie'. 4 differs from that previously described in that' motors 44, pumps 22 andr passages 23 are provided for each endy of the condenser, and means are provided for rendering either pump effective, the'controlling system being responsive to the conditions of temperature and pressure existing only in the condenser.

The apparatus, for rendering either of .the pumps effective, here takes the form of gravity switches 91 and 92, which are adapted to ride on cams 93 and 94, respectively, of the cam shaft 96. A handwheel 97 is provided for rotating the cam shaft to reverse, or otherwise adjust the positions of the switches 91 and 92. The cams 93 and 94 are shown as being 180O apart, although, obviously, any ,suitable arrange` ment may be employed for this purpose, it merely being necessary to raise one of the gravity switches and to permit the other to dropat the same time.

As shown, the switches are in position to cut out the motor 44 and to actuate the motor 44, the circuit from the'positive side of the line beingv through the connection 98, the two-way switch 99 to either of the contacts 101 or 102, the expansible bellows 63 being connected to the two-way switch and to the condenser in a manner similar to that in which it is connected tothe snap switch 48, in Fig. 1. f

Should the vacuum tend to fall off in the condenser, the corresponding rise in temperature would cause the bellows 63 to expand and to close the circuit through the switch 99, the connection 101, to the conthrough the motor, the shunt circuit 110 and 111, which is across the terminals of the motor, would energize theV solenoid 112 to raise the gravity switch 113. It will thus be observed that after passing through the motor 44 and through the solenoid 53, the

current would pass through the connectionv 114, across the gravity switch 116through the connections 117 and 118, across the gravity switch 113 and through the connections 119 and` 121, to the negative side of the line, the gravity switch 113 being in its upper position and thusv preventing the solenoid 58 from being energized.

rllhe vane 21 would, therefore, remain open while the vane 19 would be closed and the pump 22 would be operated to pass circulating media through the inlet side of the nest until such time as the proper vacuum should be restored.V Once the proper vacuum is again obtained, the bellows 63 would contract, being urged' somewhat by the spring 122 acting on the two-way switch 99, and the circuit of the motor 44 would be opened at the switch 99. i

Should the load on the turbine decrease to such an extent as to permit the condenser to produce a better vacuum than would be deemed necessary or expedient, the bellows 63 would contractrso as to close the circuit between the positive side of the line, the connection 98, the two-way switch 99, contact 102, the connection 123, across the gravity switch 91 to contact 124, through the connections 108 and 109, the solenoid 53, the connection 114, across the gravity switch 116, through the connection 117 and across the gravity switch 113, which is now in its lower position, through the connection 126, the solenoid 58 and back to the negative side of the line through the connection 127, across the gravity switch 92 and through the connection 128. Ink this instance, it will be noted that the motor circuit for the motor 44 is open at the contact 101 and the twoway switch 99, and consequently, neither the motor, nor the solenoid 112, would'be affected.

In order to render motor 44 ineffective and the motor 44 effective, ther handwheel 97 is rotated to reverse4 the position of the gravity switches 91 and 92 bv changing the Vposition of the cams 93 and 94, respectively.

In this position the gravity switch 91 will leave the circuit open across the contacts 103 and 104, 123 and 124, and will complete the circuit between the connection 129 from the negative bus 46 and the connection 109. The gravity switch 92 will leave the circuit open betweenv the connections 127 and 128, and will complete the circuit between the connections 131 and 132, and between the connections 133 and 134,-respectively.

yShould the vacuum tall oli, the expansion of the bellows 63 willfthen complete the circuit from the positive side of the line through the connection 98, the two-,way switch 99, the connection 131 across the gravity switch 92 to th-e connection 132 to the niotor 44. `Current would then pass from the motor 44 through the connections 134, 136 and 127 to energize the solenoid 58, the gravity switch 92 now being in a position to break the circuit between the connections 127 andy 128, 131 and 132, respectively, and the switch 99 being in a position to break the circuit between the connections 133 and 98, respectively.

Simultaneously with the passage of current through the motor 44v the solenoid 137, which is sliunted across the terminals of the motor by the connections 138 and 139, would be energized to raise the gravity switch 116 to its upper position. Hence, the current would pass troni the solenoid 58 through the connection 126, across the gravity switch 113, which is now in its lower position, through the connections 117 and 141, across the gravity switch 116, through the connections 119 and 121 to the negative bus bar 46,

: the circuit to the solenoid 53 being open at the gravity switch 116, and thus, assuring that the solenoid 53 will not be energized.

Should the vacuum in the condenser der,

crease below the requisite value, for any reason, as a decrease in the load on the turbine, the bellows 63vwould contract and the circuit rom the positive side of the line would be closed through the connection98, the twoway switch 99, the connection 133, across the gravity switch 92 to the connections 134, 136 and 127 to the solenoid 58, through the connection 126 across thel gravity switch 113,

the connection 117, the gravity switch 116 and through the connection 114, the solenoid 53, the connection 109 and across the gravn ity switch 91 to the negative side of the line through the connection ,129.

1t will also be observed that inthis cendition, the circuit for the motor 44 is open between the connection 131 and the switch 99. Likewise, the circuiiifor the motor 44is open between the Contact 101 and the switch 99. Hence, Vneither the motor 44, nor the motor 44 will be operated. v 'f The apparatus shown in Fig. 5 is also provided with two pumps22`, 22', and the operating motors'44, 44, and the pumping units andthe varies 19 and 2,1,arearranged to function in the same manner as in Fig. 4, but the control system is made responsive to conditions of temperature and pressure eX- isting in the turbine and in the condenser, asin Fig. 1. While this, in ei'ect, is substantially a dual controlsystein,vthe interrelation between these systemsis such that that portion of the system, which is, directly responsive to the conditions in the condenser, will dominate the whole system in a inan ner similar to that described with reference to Fig. 1.

Considering the apparat-us shown in Fig. 5, it will be clear that, when the vacuum falls off in the condenser, theresulting eX- pansion of the bellows 63 will throw the switch 99 to complete the circuit from( the positive bus 45, through the connection 98 and the switch 99 to the contact 101, through this connection to the contact 103 and across sov the gravity switch 151 to the contact 104 and through the connection 106 to the motor 44. From the motor the current passes through the connection 152 to the solenoid 53, and then through the connection 114 across the gravity switch 116,` through the connections 117 and 118. rlhe solenoid 112 having been energized by the shuntcircuit 110, 111, the gravity, switch 113 is now inits upper position and hence, will complete the circuit from the connection 118 to the connections 11,9 and 121 to the negative bus bar 46. ln this way the motor 44 and the pump 22 are brought into play and the vane 19 is raisedwhenever there isan appreciable falling oli' of the vacuum in the condenser.

Now assume that the switch 99 remains open and that a decrease in load on the turbine permits the bellows 7 3 to `contract a suticient amount to allow the spring 7 7 to throw the switch 72 and thus, to complete the circuit from the positive bus bar 45, through the connection 71 and the switch 72 to the connection 153. The gravity switch 151 completes the circuit between the ,connections 153 and 154, andy between the connections 154 and 156, so that current passes from the latter through `the connection l152 f to the solenoid 53.

1t will be observed yhere that the motor circuit is broken at the contact 10,1 andthe switch 99. Hence the motor 44 will notbe operated, nor l,will the shunt circuit and fthe solenoid 112 be e'iiective to-raise the gravityv switch 113. rThus the gravity' switches 116 and 113, both being in their lower positions, will complete the circuit between the connections114, 117 and 126 so thatrthe current may pass directly from the solenoid .53 to the solenoid 58. v From the solenoid 58,' the-current passes through the connections 157 and 134, across fthe gravity` switch 158, and through the connectionA 128 to the negative side of the line. ltwill be noted'that the motork circuit is open betweenl the connection 132 and the gravity switch 158 so that the motor 44 may when the scoop- 13 is forward. However, the

apparatus is so interconnected that the same results may be accomplished when iroceeding astern, in which case the scoop 17 would be effective to pass cooling water through the condenser. This is a very desirable feature, especially for high speed naval craft, for it assures improved performance of the condenser duringv maneuvers and like operations.

When proceeding astern, therefore, the handwlieel 97 is rotated to reverse the position of the cams 93, 94 and of the gravity switches 151 and 158. Assuming that, with the switches solreversed, the condenser pressure increases, then the bellows 63 will throw the switch 99 and complete the circuit from the positive bus bar through the connection 98 and the switch 99 to the connection 131. Being in its lower position, the gravity switch 158 will complete the circuit between the connections '131 and 132 to the motor 44. From the motor 44, the current now passes through the connection 157 to the solenoid 58, and through the connection 126, across the gravity switch 113 to the connection 117. Y

The shunt circuit 138, 139, across the terminals of the motor 44, is now effective to energize the solenoid 137, so that the gravity switch 116 will be in its upper position.

y Hence, the current will pass from the connection 117, through the connection 141, across the gravity switch 116 and out to the negative side of the line through the connections 119 and 121.` Thus, the motor 44 will beoperated, and the vane 21 will be raised. Now assume that the. switch 99 remains open and that the switch 72 is closed. This completes the" circuit from the positive side vofv the line through the connection 71, the

` switch72, and the connections 153 and 159.

The gravity switch-151, now being in its upper position, completes the circuit between tlie connections 159 and 161. "Like- Awise, the gravity switch 158, being in its V`lower position, completes the circuit between the connections 161' and 162 so that currentmay pass on through the connections v l157 tothe solenoid 58.

From the connection 132, the circuit through the motor 44 is open between the switch 99 and the Connection 131. Hence, the motor 44- will not operate and the shunt circuit 138, 139 will be ineffective, so that the gravity switch 116 will remain in its lower position. Thus, the current will pass directly, from the solenoid 58, through the connection 126, across the gravity switch 113, through the connection 117, lacrossthe gravity switch 116 and through the connection 114 to the solenoid 53. vThe current then passes from the solenoid 53, through the connections 152,156, across the gravity switch 151 and out to the negative side of the line through the connection 129. In this condition it will be observed that the circuit from the connection 152, through the motor 44 and the connection 106 is open between the contact 104 and the gravity switch 151. Hence, the motor 44 will remain ineffective'.

In the event that both of the switches 72 and 99 are closed at the same time, it will be apparent that the shunt circuit 138, 139 from the motor 44 will energize the solenoid 137 and thus complete the circuit to the negative bus bar through the connection 121 and prevent the solenoid 53 from vbeing energized. In this way it is assured that the vane 19 will never be closed while the condenser pressure is so high that it is necessary to operate the pump 22.

While I have shown only the handwheel 97 for reversing the cams 93, 94 and the switches 151, 158, it will be obvious thatthis is merely representative of my invention and that suitable connections may be provided for effecting this reversal from some remote station, as from the bridge of a ship. Iiile- .wise, various'forms of reversing mechanism, other than the cams 93 and 94 may be ein-k 1. The vcombination with a scoop condenser, comprising ashell having an inlet,

a nest of, tubes within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of directing means for deflecting a portionA of the main stream of circulating media toward the outer tubes of the nest.

2. The combination withV a scoop con# denser, comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes within'the shell, and scoops and water boxes for passing circulating media through the nest, of a vane in lone water box and inclined away from the con- CTL denser inlet for defiecting a portion of the main stream of circulating` media toward the outer tubes of the nest.

3. The combination with a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of a pivoted vane in the inlet scoop for directing a portion of circulating media toward the outer tubes of the nest.

4. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of means, for directing all orp the main stream of circulating media to tubes comprising a portion of the nest.

5. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a. shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of means in the inlet scoop for distributing the main stream of circulating media to the tubes adjacent the steam inlet of the condenser.

6. The combination With a scoop condenser, comprising a shell having an inlet, a

nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of means for either directing a portion of the main stream of circulating media toward one portion of the nest, or for directing substantially all of the main stream of circulating media to another portion of the nest.

7 The combination with a turbine and a scoop condenser comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of directing means for passing the main stream of circulating media through a portion of the nest, and means responsive `to the load on the turbine for controlling the directing means.

8. The combination With a scoop condenser comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of directing means for passing the main stream* of circulating media through a portion of the nest, fluid translating means for translating circulating media through another portion of the nest, and means responsive to the con'- ditions of temperature and pressure Within the condenser for concomitantly controlling the directing means and the fluid translating means.

9. The combination with a turbine and a ,scoop condenser comprising a shell having position to direct the main stream of circulating media through another portion of the nest, fluid translating means for translating Vcirculating media through said one portion of the nest when the pivotal directing means is inv said another position, means responsive to the load on the turbine for maintaining the pivotal directing means in said one posi` tion While the turbine is'under normal load and in said another position While the turbine is under a lighter load, and means responsive to the conditions of temperature and pressure Within the condenser for maintaining said pivotal directing means in said one position under normal conditions and in said another position under abnormal conditions and for actuating the fluid translatingA means during the abnormal conditions.

ll. The combination With a turbine and a scoop condenser comprising a shell having an inlet, a nest of tubes Within the shell, and scoops for passing circulating media through the nest, of a pivotal directing means adapted in one position to direct a portion of the main stream of circulating media to one portion of the nest and toward .the outermost tubes of this one portion, and in another position to direct the main stream of circulating media through another portion of the nest, fluid translating means for translating circulating media through said `one portion of the nest when the pivotal vdirecting means is in said another position, means responsive to `the load `on the turbine for maintaining the pivotal directing means in said one position While the turbine is under normal load and in said another position While the turbine is under a lighter load, and means responsive to the conditions of ternperature and pressure Within the condenser for maintaining said pivotal directing means in said one position under normal conditions and in said another position under abnormal conditions and for actuating the fluid translating means during the abnormal conditions, said last-mentioned'means being effective irrespective of the load 4on the turbine.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto:

subscribed my name this 17th day of Oc tober, 1927.

DAVID W. R. MORGAN.

Images