US1720932A - Vapor lamp or stove of the pressure type - Google Patents

Description

Jul 16, 1929.

T. TERRELL, JR

VAPOR LAMP OR STOVE OF THE PRESSURE TYPE Filed Sept. 20, 1927 Patented July 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES THOMAS TERRELL, JR.,

OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

VAPOR LAMP OR S'I'OVE OF THE PRESSURE TYPE.

Application filed September 20, 1927, Serial No. 220,699pand in Great Britain September 21, 1926.

This invention relates to vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type and has for its object to provide an improved form of generating or vaporizing device applicable thereto.

Hitherto these devices have possessed the defect that the heat necessary to vaporize the paraffin or the like ascending to the burner causes a certain proportion of the paraffin or the like to be cracked with the result that an amount of free carbon is formed which in time clogs the vaporizing tube and the burner orifice or orifices to such an extent that the lamp or stove ceases to function.

The object of the present invention is to overcome the difliculties hitherto experienced by providing improved means for feeding the vaporized parafiin or the like to the burner and for trapping or collecting free carbon and thus preventing it from reaching and clogging the burner orifice.

According to the invention an improved method of vaporizing parafiin or the like is provided which consists in heating the liquid fuel ascending through a vertical tube and in causing expansion and cooling of the vaporized fuel in such a manner that its direction of flow is changed and its free carbon content is removed. The vapor ascending from a heated feed tube is preferably caused to change its flow from an upward to a downward direction and againto an upward direction in passing through a succession of devices constituting traps for free carbon before reaching the burner orifice. According to one form ofthe invention, the ascending vapor is deflected so as to cause it to pass in succession through two receptacles in which free carbon can collect. According to the preferred form of the invention the feed tube through which the paraffin or the like ascends from the reservoir of the lamp to the burner is open at its upper end but is provided with a partition a short distance below the upper end which preventsthe parafiin from taking a direct upward path to the burner. I The interior of this tube is provided with a roll or filling of metal gauze which is preferably secured in position in such a manner as tobe readily renewable without any possibility of freed carbon entering the burner nipple during the operation of removing the gauze. At a point a little below the partition in the tube a number of perforations or slots may be made in the wall of the tube which communicate with a chamber entirely surrounding the upper portion of the tube such chamber being preferably domed or coned at its upper end where it is provided with a screw threaded seating for a detachable burner nozzle the lower end of which enters but does not engage the upper end of the aforesaid supply tube.

Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate by way of example constructions according to the invention and in which Figure 1 is a section through the feed tube, burner and associated parts of a pressure vapor lamp and Figure 2 is a sectional elevation of the corresponding parts of a lamp suitable for burning petrol.

In the form shown in Figure 1 the feed tube 1 through which the paraffin is caused to ascend to the burner by the pressure of air pumped into the paraffin reservoir in the well known way, and which is arranged to be heated by the flames in the mantles 2, so as to provide a continuous supply of vaporized parafiin, contains a roll of metal gauze 3 zvlgich extends to a point near the top of the At a pointbetween the upper limit of the metal gauze 3 and the upper end of the tube 1 the tube is blocked by means of a partition 4, and the tube is formed at points above and below this partition with openings 5 through I which the tube communicates with an annular expansion chamber 6 which surrounds the tube 1 adjacent the partition 4. The bulb 6 or expansion chamber is preferably made in two parts which are screw threaded into the central feed tube 1 and all joints between these parts are silver soldered or brazed to prevent leakage of paraffin to the exterior of the tube or bulb. The bulb 6 is also placed as high as possible above the flames so as to localize cracking of the paraffin vapor.

At its upper end the tube 1 carries a fine nozzle 7 constituting the burner orifice which is screwed into the upper end of the tube so that it can be removed for cleaning purposes and which is provided with a tubular extension 8'screwed into the body of the nozzle 7 and provided internally with three convex pieces of metal gauze 11. This tube 8 projects into the tube 1 to a point below the openings 5 above the partition 4 so that the vaporized paraffin is caused to flow downwardly between the tubes 1 and 8 and then upwardly through the tube 8 to the nozzle opening as indicated by the arrows.

The nozzle 7 projects into a mixing chamher 9 formed with an opening 10 through which air is drawn into the mixing chamber around the nozzle 7 and a pair of mantles 2 are carried on tubes or ducts 12 connected to the mixing chamber 9.

In the operation of the arrangement shown in Figure 1 the ascending paraflin becomes heated as it nears the upper end of the supply tube by the heat of the flame in the mantles 2, and as certain, proportion of the carbon. formed is caught by the meshes of the gauze lining in the tube 1. The vaporized product passes outwardly through the perforations 5 below the partition at into the expansion chamber 6 which also acts as a trap for free carbon. The vapor is now free of much of its carbon and descends through the annular space between the tubular extension 8 and the supply tube 1 wherein a further deposit of carbon takes place. The course of the va- )01' is now chan ed to an u ward one and it ascends through the extension 8 which serves to deflect any remaining carbon away from the actual nozzle orifice by reason of the downward motion which it imparts to the vapor as it leaves the bulb 6 and also by reason of the gauze elements 11. By this construction arrangements are provided for trapping i'ree carbon in four separate ways that is by means of the gauze lining, the chamber, the upper end of the supply tube, and the interior of the burner. The co-operation between these devices in providing an illuminating vapor substantially free from carbon materially lengthens the life of the burner as not only is the fine burner orifice maintained practically free from carbon but the device itself. is so constructed that its various parts may be easily dismantled for cleaning purposes.

In the form of construction shown in Fig ure 2 which is specially adapted for petrol burning lamps an expansion chamber 13 is connected to a nozzle '14 and a supply tube 15 respectively by swan neck tubes 16 and 17. The interior of the expansion chamber 13 is ofa construction similar to the chamber 6 in Figure l and within the upper portion of the tube 16 is disposed a piece of metal gauze 18. To prevent surging of petrol in the tube 17 its interior is fitted with two pieces of coarse metal gauze 19 and 20 between which is dis posed a wad 21 of asbestos fibre. The base of this tube 17 is screw threaded for engagement with the reservoir of the lamp or with a tube cxtendin upwardly therefrom. The position of the mantles is indicated by the broken lines 22 and these are suiiiciently close to the lower curved portion 2-3 of the tube 17 to enable a match applied to this portion of the tube to serve the dual purpose of heating the tube which is of thin metal and of lighting the incandescent burners. The operation of the device in eliminating free carbon parti cles from the ascending petrol vapor is the same as that described with reference to Figure 1.

While the invention has been described and illustrated as applied to a vapor lamp it will be understood that the invention is also applicable to a vapor stove of the pressure type.

I claim 1. A. generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type wherein the feed tube through which the vapor ascends from the reservoir of the lamp or stove to the burner is provided with a filling of metal gauze and is blocked at a point near the burner orifice being provided above and below this point with openings communicating with the interior of a closed expansion chamber surrounding the tube, the vapor leaving said chamber by the upper openings and being deflected downwardly by a tube of smaller diameter extending into the upper end of the blocked feed tube and ascending through said smaller tube to the burner orifice.

2. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type, including a feed tube, a burner orifice at the upper end of said tube, an expansion chamber, and

means for causing the vapor ascending in said tube to flow from said chamber inwardly and downwardly and then upwardly to said burner orifice.

3. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type, including a feed tube, a burner orifice at the upper end of said tube, means for closing said tube near its upper end to form a receptacle for free carbon, said tube having apertures above and below said closing means, and an expansion chamber communicating with said tube through said apertures.

4:. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lam as or stoves of the ressure t e includin a feed tube, a partition closing said tube near its upper end, said tube having apertures above and below said partition, an expansion chamber communicating with said tube through said apertures, and a burner orifice on said tube having a tubular extension projecting into said feed tube to a point short of said partition.

5. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type, including a feed tube, having a filling of metal. gauze to constitute a trap for free carbon, a partition closing said tube near its upper end, said tube having apertures above and below said partition, an expansion chamber communieating with a tube through said apertures, and a burner orifice at the upper end of said tube.

6. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of the pressure type, having incandescent burners, including a feed tube, a

burner orifice at the upper end of said tube, means for closing said tube at its upper end, said tube having apertures above and below said closing means, and an expansion chamber communicating with said tube through said apertures, said tube being curved downward- 1y between the incandescent burners and upwards to the expansion chamberfor the purpose of providing a portion adapted to be heated in starting the operation of the lamp.

7. A generator or vaporizer for vapor lamps or stoves of, the pressure type, including a feed tube a burner orifice at the upper end of said tube, means for closing said tube near its upper end, said tube having apertures above and below said closing means, and an expansion chamber communicating with said tube through said apertures, said feed tube being provided near its lower end with two fillings of metal gauze, Witha wad of asbestos fiber between them for the purpose of preventing surging of petrol or the like from the reservoir into the feed tube.

In witness whereof I affix my signature.

THOMAS TERRELL, JR.

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