US1720412A - Method of making cop skewers - Google Patents

Description

y 9, 1929. F. E. DOUGLAS 1.720.412

ETHOD OF MAKING COP SKEWERS Filed May 18, 1928 132.5 Y jkyfi lNl/f/VTOR."

ATTORNEY Patented July 9, 1929 unrrsn STATES L72tt4l2 PATENT OFFICE.

IEREDRIC E. DOUGLAS, OF HOPEDALE, MASEaAGll-"L'USETTS, ASSIGLNOR TO DRA'PER COB PORATION, OF HOPEDALE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION DIE MAINE.

METHOD OF MAKING C01 SKEWERS.

Application filed May 18, 1923. Serial No. 278,724.

This invention relates to the method of making cop skewers, whereby the defects and objections heretofore existing in the fini shed product may be eliminated and a cop skewer be provided of such character and strength to effectively withstand the rough treatment to which it is subjected in use.

Cop skewers, as now ordinarily made, consist of a head portion, a barrel for the support of the cop tube and cop, and a tapering tip portion; and when such skewers are em ploycd in filling replenishing looms of the bobbin changing type, such skewers with wound filling thereon are usually held in the hopper by head and tip engaging means. During weaving the shuttle is subjected to sudden endwiseshocks due to the picking operation and the arrest of. the shuttle in the shuttle-box which are calculated to displace the cop tube and cop longitudinally of the skewer, and it has heretofore been customary to provide the barrel portion of the cop skewer with resilient members formed by a longitudinal slot in theskewer barrel.

In the manufacture of such cop skewers of the resilient side member type, however, it is now the ordinary practice tomake theskewer of two pieces welded together at the butt end and brazed together at the pointed or tip end, but since the skewer is made of high carbon steel, this method has been costly, difficulty has been encountered in producing a satisfactory skewer, and. the finishing operation has been found frequently to present air holes which have rendered the skewer unfit for use. The brazed pointed end rendered it practically impossible to temper and harden the skewer at this portion which is the weakest part of the shower, because the brazing material. would fuse or melt during the hardening operation and result either in theseparation of the parts entirely or in leaving a crack at the end of the skewer to cause trouble in use by catching the yarn or filling and wearing the tip holding means in the hopper.

An object of thepresent invention consists in so making the cop skewer that the defects hereinbefore noted maybe avoided and other advantages be secured incident to the con struction of the cop skewer itself and its method of manufacture The invention and new features thereof will best be made clear from the following de scription and the accompanyin drawings which disclose a: new method of manufacture and the cop skewer resulting therefrom possessing advantages not heretofore prcsonh In the drawings:

Fig. 1 represents in elevation. a metal rod or cop skewer blank from which the cop skewer is made;

Fig. 2 represents the metal rod or cop skewer blank as provided with a longitudi nally extending opening; Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the tip portion of the rod or skewer having; been compressed at the tip terminal portion of the longitudinal opening;

Fig. lis a side elevation, with the head of the skewer in section, showing the completed skewer Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a portion of the barrel of the cop skewer for supporting the paper cop tube throughout its length; and

Fig. 6 is a cross-section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4.

In carrying out the method of the present invention, a metal rod of suitable dimensions is formed: with a taper towards the tip end thereof, and, as illustrated by Fi 1, the nontapered portion of the rod at 1 is forn'ied cylindrical, for the purpose of properly supporting the paper cop tube in cylindrical form when the connaleted cop tube is employed in the shuttle. From the tip terminal. portion of the cylindrical part 1, as at 2, the rod. is tapered, at 3. The formation of the cylindrical portion and the tapering portion 3 of the rod may be variously contrived, but, 1ne1lierably, this is done by turning the rod into the desired shape.

The rod having been tapered, as explained, and as illustrated by Fig. 1, it is provided with a rectangular opening 4- which extends longitudinally of the tip portion of the rod from a point tipward of the cylindrical portion 1. Since the opening 4 is rectangular. it follows that each end. of the rectangular opening l will form the shmilders 5 and G. The rectangular opening 1- cxtcndinn' longitud inally of the skewer may be made in various ways but preferably it is prod need by a saw-cut or milled.

As hereinbefore stated, one of the weak points of a slotted cop skewer is at the tip end portion of the longitiulimilly extending opening. in the skewer barrel, which becomes nirticularly observable subsequent to the shapegrinding o ieration, and one of the important features of the prescmt invention con sists in overcoming this objectionable defect. In accordance with the present invention, the slotted cop skewer, Fig. 2, is sub ected to compr-ession at the tip end portion adjacent the tip terminal of the longitudinal opening l, with the result, as indicated in Fig. 3, that the end of the slot 4 is closed, as shown at 7, Fig.3, and the diameter of the skewer at this portion is decreased, thus preserving more metal and consequent strength at this point after the shape grinding operation than would be the case if the shape grinding took place without such compression. The shape grinding operation, which imparts the surface finish to the skewer, is performed subsequent to the compression operation above described, and consequently more metal is retained at the terminal end of the closed-in slot 4, than would otherwise exist.

The side members 8 and 9 of the opening 4 are then separated or sprung apart, as indicated in Fig. 4, thereby forming the two resilient members 8 and 9 which by their expansive action serve to hold the wound cop properly on the skewer when in use.

As indicated in Fig. 4, the head 10 ot' the skewer is secured to the end portion 11, as indicated, and such head portion, where the skewer is to be used in filling replenishing l'ooms,'is provided with rings 12.

In filling replenishing looms of the feeler type, economy of waste of filling depends upon the sensitive action of the feeler in determining when'a substantial exhaustion of filling occurs, and in order that the cop skewer may afford a proper support for the paper tube for sensitive action of .the feeler, the paper tube supporting portion of the skewer, as indicated at 18, Fig. 4:, is formed cylindrical, and of a length longitudinally of the skewer to support the paper tube throughout, without the latter overlapping the resilient side members 8 and 9 of the skewer. In other words, the cylindrical portion 13 affords a support for the paper tube to maintain it in cylindrical form during the use of the cop, to thereby afford proper contacting surface for the feeler.

In some cases it may be desirable to form the cylindrical portion 13 with a spiral rib, and in such case the cylindrical portion may be provided with the spiral rib 14 which extends from the head portion of the skewer towards, but does not reach, the terminal end portion 5 of the longitudinal opening 4 which separates the resilient members 8 and 9.

Then the cop skewer is used in a filling re plenishing loom, it is usual to support the cop skewer with its load of yarn, in a hopper, having means for engaging the head oi? the skewer, and other means for engaging the tip end portion of the skewer, and during the transfer of the loaded cop skewer from the hopper to the shuttle it is subjected to a sudden impulse which is liable to bend or permanent-ly deflect the tapered tip portion of the skewer and cause the formation ol burrs or roughness at the end portion ol the tip where it is engaged with the tip holding means in the hopper. A tnrther important feature of the invention, therefore, consisls in providing the skewer with a hardened lip portion to withstand the stress ol lransl'er without bending and at the same time avoid the l'ormation o'l burrs or roughness at the end of the tip.

In accordance with this feature ol the invention, the tip end portion ol? the skewer is subjected to a heat treatment and then hardened, either by immersion in water or oil or by other cooling agent, and such treatment may be extended from the extreme end 16 ol the tip to a point including the thin sides oil the terminal end of the longitlulinal slot, as at 17, the eiicct being that the skewer may withstand the strains oli transfer without bending or the formation of burrs or roughness at the terminal portion of the ii p.

What is claimed is 1. A method of making cop skewers l'or shuttles, which consists in :lforming a skewer blank from a solid cylindrical red by tapering the rod towards one end, then slotting the blank longitmlinally from a point adjacent the tapered end of the blank, subjecting the tapered end of the blank at the terminal portion of the longitudinal slot to compression, widening the longitudiiml opening between its ends, and then heat treating the tapered end oi the skewer and hardening it.

2. The method of making cop skewers for shuttles, which consists in forming a skewer blank from a cylindrical rod having the same diameter as the paper tube receiving portion of the finished skewer by tapering the rod towards one end, forming a. rectangular slot between the ends oi? the tapered blank, compressing the tapered end. of the blank at the terminal portion. of the longitudinal slot, and thereafter shape grinding the blank.

3. The method of making cop skewers for shuttles, which consists in tapering a, solid, cylindrical rod toward one end to term a skewer blank, then l'orming a longitudinally extending rectangular slot between the ends of the tapered blank, compressing the tapered end of the blank at the terminal portion of: the longitudinal slot, and heat treating the tapered end oi the blank and hardening it.

4. The method olf making cop skewers lor shuttles, which consists in forming a skewer blank of a solid cylindrical rod by tapering the rod towards one end, forming a rec/tan gular slot between the ends ol the tapered blank, compressing the tapered end of the blank at the terminal portion of the longilm dinal slot, and thereafter shape grimling (be blank and heattreating the tapered end of the blank and hardening it.

5. The method of forming cop skewers for llO shuttles, which consists in forming a metal skewer blank of a cylindrical rod having the saline diameter as the tube supporting portion oil the finished skewer and tapering the rod from an intermediate portion thereof to one end of the blank, forming a longitudinal open .ing in the blank from the cylindrical portion to a point adjacent the tapered end of the blank, compressing the tapered end of the blank at the terminal portion of the opening to reduce the diameter of the blank and. partially close the end ot the opening, and heat treating and hardening the tapered end of the blank.

6. The method of making copskewers for shuttles, which consists in forming a metal skewer blank from a cylindrical rod having a tapered portion extending from an intermediate portion of the rod to an end. thereof, forming a longitudinal opening in the blank from the cylindrical portion to a point adjacent the tapered end oil. the blank, con'lpressing the tapered end of the blank at the terminal portion of the opening to reduce the diameter of the blank and partially close the end of the opening, then shape grinding the blank, and heat treating and hardening the tapered end of the blank.

In testimony whereof, I have signed. my name to this specification.

FREDRIG E. DOUGLAS.

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