US1790053A - Reversing device for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 27, 1931. c. H. LEUFSTADILIS 1,790,053

REVERSING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES I Filed April 24, 1926 4 Sheets-finest 1 F/G. 6 6H 5 5 FREQ? Jan. 27, 1931. c. H. LEUFSTADIUS REVERSING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 24, 1926 Jam. 27, 1931. c. H. LEUFSTADIU? REVERSIRG. DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTIONJENGINES 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 24, 1ge

Jan. 27, 1931. c. H. LEUFSTADIUS 1,790,053

REVERSING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed April 24, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Jen, 27, 1931 gCARI;g RmNrLEUFsmADI s; or LYSEKIL swEDEfi EvERsI ehEvroE FOjR NTEiutA -eoMBUsTIoN ENGINES i ip at cifiiedle n '24,

' T l- 's--invenrtio1r relates to a device for re f versing the direction-of operation of internal combustion engines While 1n operat1o-r and more particularly to that type of S'HClL'ClQVlCGS inxwhielh compressed silver gasis 'uset'l as rch i'vin "medium in aeifecti'ng='tlie 'rever 'in a e 1 i v z: operation. 1 2- e V I The obgect ea. this' nrventioiiis to etl'eet 1n 1 :n ore reliable manner than heretofore peesihle a positive and quicltreversiiig of both single-cylinder, arid 'iiiulti -e vli ider internal eomhust ion":engines; z s The methods as hitherto used to effect the reversing Ofifltilifll combustion engines are 0' by ":eoimter explosion? and .12), reversing by Pans of compressed an:

- *Reversing by counter eKplo'sioir-ha's the iollowing 'drawba eks 1f- & mlsfire occ u'rs when 42 reversingsis'to be fleete d this may cause the eiigine :to stop. -In"feur-cylinder-engines the ignition should take place in, two cylinders :at ft'tlme 1n order --to",procluce '21 suflioiently "high ztorque toi' brm'g about the reversing '3 operatioiiiand, turthermore, a smaller flymea-nsofcompressed. air said air is sup? Wheel t-lmi that ordinarilyusedmust he used 'nesII-Ittingun -& disadvantageous --influenee V oflabont engines upon the coupling and the 'propeller ii ease in. the known method of reversii g by plied to all of *thecylindersot the eugine duringthe expzmsion' stroke. owl ngilll'eto zt-large amount-of 2111213 required, as almost the entire spaee of all of the cylinders Will he filled with air, generally during several revolutions. Furthermore, the engine must 'he' stopped to be then again startedin the opposite direction Of-mOVGmQHt in which 0 ease a: largeperiod-oftime is spent in start- 7 ing. 'As' the air supplied to the cylinders fiplands r an effective cooling of the comb-us V :tio-n; clm1nber Willi-eke place, and the means 1 designed for enabling the sta -rting will, con 5 se'quently, be c'ooled-Vso-th'atmisfiremay occur. Such an arrangement can only housed inrconnection with;aimlti-cYlinder engines.

' The present invention hats for its object-to 7 -provide, a reversing device by-Whichtheabove stated difiicultiesinherent to the counter ex from plosion reversing method and the compressed ersing method Will heohviated. The

neW: reversing 1=nethoclrequires only one" bylin der to. effect t l l-ereversiii gu A further ad-e vantage; due thereto, is 'thatthe same type of reversing device used in si ng-le cylin- 1 Will-be reduced to aluminium. V i The invention is characterizech chiefly, by

lilipjhe admissioriof f really disconnected ngle" of :crank for effeeting the reversing operatlon, the 2111' thus supphed to the-cyh lnder'preventing thep-lston from moving to- Wards the -oomhu-stion chamber and, before.

the pi stem 1 reaches v its uippe'ri 'dre ad center,' the 2111- will cause the pIStOHtQ aga-mmove' clownardlv thereby efieetiiig 2r reversing of the 'direction of movement ofthe engine.- v I j The. invention is illustrated in the" accom- *pzihying diagrammatic drawing Whieh shows g f one embodiment thereof.

.' F gure-'1 illustrates the normal position of the reversing mechanism with the en'gine'op- Mating-clockwise. j I Figure 2 shows the position ofjse-id mum n'isn'i when reversing is to take plaoeit'rom clockwise to counter cloekW1se'operation.-

so V e Figure 3 shows the position of the reversiog'mechanism immediately after seidlrevers- 111g ope-ration has been completed.

fFigure 4=showsthesame position with the reversing valve gearing in'n'ormalpositio'nI Figure 5 shows the position of the mocha nism ivheii adjusted for reversing the engine counter-clockwiseto Clockwise-opera- Figure 6 showstheiposition of "the inechanism immediately after saidreverSirig operation has taken place.

Figure 7' is v a side. elevation of the en'- I to s above the piston 8 of the engine to be re thereto.

gine with thercversing mechanism applied WVith reference to the drawing the numeral 1 indicates a receptacle containing compressed air or gas, as exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine or another suitable gas. Thereceptacle 1 is connected bye.

7 pipe 2 tothecasingS of a valve 4; Said valve the pipe 5.

' mounted on the journal 13. i

7 controls the connection between the pipe 2 and a pipe 5 leading to cylinderchamber 7 versed. The connection between thepipe 5 and the chamber 7 is controlled by' a nonreturn valve 6 adapted to be opened automatically by the pressure of the gas within The valve 4 iscontrolled by a valve gear.- ing, comprising adetent 9, operated by an eccentric. on a shaft 10, which is operatively connected with the engine shaft, and a; striking piece 11 carried by a lever 12 pivotally A spring 14: tends. to maintain said lever in a position as shown Fig. 1 in which the piece llkeeps the detent out of operation. a The lever 12 is articulated toa-forkshaped friction element 15; arranged to cooperatell withthe shaft 10 as,hereinbelowdescribed. i A spring 16 connects the lever 12 to afdetent 17,.of a. valve gearing operated by an eccentric on ashaft -l dri ven from. the engine and icontrolling 7 *a fuel val've18 of the engine. ;A spring 19 *connects the'friction fork 15.130 a'haird "13 so asgto allow the-detent 9.t o assume its is as'follows'i a lev'rQOrf r .The. operation of the mechanism described -'--The detent-9 is so arranged :anddriven that, when in operation, it will open the valve 4 during 'the-up-stroke of the piston 8 at a certain reducedunumber of revolutions. lathe POSltlOIPShOWIl in F gs. land 7 the hand lever 20 is in its normalposition both legs'of' the forklf) are'be'ld out 10f engagementwith the shaft 10. In this positionthe (letent '17 is in its normal position, while the 'deten't'9is-maintained out of operation by the lever 12, The engine is assumed to operate inclockwise direction as indicatedby thearrow a. to theright in the figure.

NVhen it is desired'to reverse the direction of operation of'the engine, the hand lever 20 .is turned to theright as shown in Fig.2 of Y the drawing so that the lower legof thefork 15 will come into frictional engagement with the shaft '10. Thisengagement will give the forka downward movement, as is readily understood. The fork, in mov ng downwar.ds,.causes the lever 12 to turn on 1ts pivot operative position. vAt the same time the. spring 16, is. stretched, swinging. the detent 17 -out ofoperative position, as shown. The

fuel supply will, consequently, be interrupted, successively reducing thespeed of the engine. Ata suitably reduced speed, the detentjQ is allowed to strike the valve f in the upstroke of'the piston 8, allowing compressed air or gas from the receptacle lto enterthe cylinder chamber 7 through the pipe while opening the valve 6. This compressed air I or gas will cause an increase of thepressure within the chamber 7 above the compression pressurew corresponding to the respective position of the piston.- In the continued upward motion of the piston the pressure within the cylinderchamber? will further increase due to the compression to avalue above that also reversetherotation of the shaft with the result that said shaft, due toits frictional V engagement with the' lower leg of the fork will causesaid fork to move upwardly allowing thelever 12to throw the 'detent 9 out. of operative position and again restorethe' ,detent 17 to operative positionas shownin rise-w.

. After the reversing operation is completed, 1

the hand lever may berestored to itslneu tral o r normal position in. which it holds the fork out of engagement with the shaft 10. This position is shown inFi-g. 4. V The engine isnow running counter-clockwise;

WVhen-itis desiredto again reverse the eng1ne, 'that-1s, from counter-clockwise to clockwise operation, the-'handilever 20. is moved'to the left as shownin Fig. 5. The upper leg of the friction 'fork1'5 will nowcome into contact with the shaft 10, resulting in a downward movementjof the fork 15 so as to throwthe 'detent'Q into operation, while hringing the detent '17 i( )l1Zt O operation.

The reversing operation is nowperformed in the same way as above described. Fig. 6'

illustrates the'position afterthe engine has "been reversed from counter-clockwise.to 'ClOClKWlSG operation. After thecompletion of this reversing operation the hand lever maybe restor'ed to its normal position as shownin Fig. 7.

lVhatIclaim is: r A device for reversing internal combustion engines while in operation, comprising in combination with a valve gearing for controlling'the admissionof fuel to the engine,

means to"supply a=gaseous medium under pressure, a'valve to'controlthe admission- "of such medium to thecylinder of'the en- -gine, a valve gearing operated by the engine "to open said valve during the upstroke ofthe piston of said cylinder at a number of revolutions so reduced as'to cause said piston to stop and immediately reverse its moveinent' before reaching its upper dead center,

a shaft driven by the engine; manually controlled means to be operated by frictional engagement with said shaft and reversed when the engine is in reversed direction to automatically bring the said last-mentioned valve ge-aring'into operation fat-a certain direction of'rotation of said shaft and out'of I operation at reversed rotation of said shaft,

and a connection between'said meansand the gearing of the fuel admission valve to maintain one of said valve gearlngs outof operation When the other 1s m operatlon, and woe versa.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name. a

CARL HERMAN LEUFSTADIUS

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