US1789618A - Compressor - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 20, 1931.

E. A. Acoaa COMPRESSOR Filed March l5. 192B 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 20, 1931 PATENT OFFICE EUGENE a coms, or LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS l COMPRESSOR i Application led March 15, 1928. Serial 110.261,941.

4T his invention relates to an improved compressor for refrigerating systems of the compressor-co1ldenscr-expander-circult type,

and will be best understoodvby reference to v 5 the followincr description, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings of one specific embodiment thereoLn-'hile its scope will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.y

lo ln the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevation of a compressor exemplifying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1; t

Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, and to the embodiment of the invention 'which is selected for exemplification, and having reference at first to Fig. 3, there is shown a compressor comprisingtwo opposed cylinders 5, each having a lateral intake port 6, and a head 7 having an' outlet chamber 8. Working in each cylinder is a piston 9, which, during intake port 6 and admits the gas to the compression space of the cylinder. The outward or forward stroke of the piston compresses the gas and forces it through a passage 1 0 leadmg to the outlet chamber 8,' said passage -in the' present example being formed in a plug 11, having screwthreaded engagement with the cylinder head, and presenting a valve seat 12 for cooperationwith an outlet valve, herein a fiat plate or disc'13, urged toward said seat byan appropriate spring 14, which is received in .a second plug 15 threaded into the cylinder head. rThe seat projects intoand is spaced from the sides of im the chamber 8, so that the fluid, in jowing from the passage 1() to the chamber 8, sweeps across the seat and keeps the latter free from foreign matter. i y

Referring now to Fig. .2, the pistons herein are connected to each other by a rigid co'nnection 16, conveniently formed as an integral part thereof, and presenting in one side a groove 17 extending' transverselyof said 5 pistons. Working in this groove is a sliding g `lock 18,v best shown in Fig. 3, presenting a Fig. 3 1s a sectional view online 3-3 of its inward or backward stroke, uncovers the` bearing 19 for a crank pinv 20 of a crank 21 (see Fig. 2), herein conveniently formed on a crank-shaft 22, which extends transversely of the pistons. Rotation of this crank-shaft naturally causes reciprocation of the piston. Referring again to Fig. 3, it is to be noted that the groove 17 is open at its ends, and the length and stroke of the block '18 are such ythat toward the end of its travel, in either direction, it passes beyond the ends of the groove. This ensures even wear of the opposed faces of the groove, thereby preventing chattering of the block in the groove.

Still referring to Fig. 3, the cylinders are mounted in openings 23, lpresented by a housf ing 24, having therein an intake chamber 25,

with which the intake ports 6 of the cylinders communicate. This chamber houses the cylinders, pistons, crankshaft and sliding A block. The gas enters this chamber through an inlet 26, at the top, at a point just above the crank and sliding block, and in a position where the oil carried along by the gas spatters in a spray over the working parts, v and ensures their adequate lubrication. The housing presents an outlet 27 at the bottom and beneath the outlet chambers 8, to which it is connected by'branch )assages 28'1cading in a downward direction i'rom said chambers toward said outlet, thereby to prevent oil or other liquid from being trapped and causing knocking.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, the cylinders are secured in place in the housing, as by being provided with flanges 29 conven- 85 iently secured tothe housing by cap screws 30.l The openings 23, through which the cylinders are inserted into the intake chamber in the housing, are so related to the con-` nection 16y between the pistons (which con 90 nection by the way is conveniently of cylin drical form) that removal of the pistons and their connection can be accomplished by first`vl removing the cylinders, and then withdraw ing the pistons throughone of the openings The housing presents ya large boss 31, into .r which the intake chamber 25 extends. Ther outerl end of this hub has an opening 32,2 'f

(see Fig. l). This closure aifords a convenient support for an appropriate bearing 37,

herein a ball bearing of the type comprising two curved races in which the balls are received, said bearing bein adapted to carry the radial load of the shv t, as well as to prevent endwise movement of the same. To this end, the outer race of the bearing is received in a chamber 38 presented by the plate 34. Itis held in place therein by the overlying plate 35, while the inner race rests against a shoulder 39 on the crankshaft, and is held in place against said shoulder by a sleeve 40 y and a nut 41 threaded ontothe outer end of cling the shaft and provided with a recess.A

the shaft. Proper adjustment of this nut is conveniently maintained by a set` screw 42. Y

The crankshaft has another bearing, herein a ball-bearing 43, which in the present eX-' -cylinders canberemoved in the manner previousl-y explained.

While the bearing 43 receives ample lubrication from` the oilwhich spatters from the gas intake onto the crank and associated parts, the bearing 37 is provided with its own separate means of lubrication, the same herein -comprising a chamber 45 formed in the closure 33, and fed with lubricant through a passage 46, which is formed partly in the plates 34 and 35 and partly in the housing 31. Escape of oil in an outward direction from this chamber is conveniently prevented by a felt collar 47 encircling the sleeve 40 and received in an annular groove 48 provided inthe plate 35. A p y The crankshaft is providedl with a suitable stuiling box, herein -a cupped sleeve 49 encir- 50, which receives a soft washer 51, made of -felt or other appropriate material, held under compression and squeezed against the shaft by a spring 52 disposed about thel shaft' and interposed `between a metallic washer` 53 .pressing against the washer 51 on the 4one hand, and a collar 54 on the other hand,

which rests against the inner race of-ther bearing 44. -Thc other end of said race rests against a shoulder 55 presented by the crank Thus the spring 52 keeps the bearing 43 in its place, and maintains thesoft washer 5l under compression, thereby preventing leakage along the shaft at this point.

When poweris applied to the crankshaft, the reciprocation of thepistons (seevFig. 3) draws gas from the intake 26 into the intake chamber 25, whence it passes through the lateral intake ports 6 into the cylinders, Where it, is compressed and then discharged through the passages 10 past the outlet valves 13 into the outlet chambers 8, and thence through the branch passages 28 to the outlet 27. The pump has a 4minimum number of working parts and a minimum number of joints, its parts can be machined easily, and

it can be easiy and quickly assembled and dismounted. t will run with a minimum of vibration, so little in fact, that it cannot be heard above the hum of the usual electric motor which drives it.

Having thus described one embodiment of the invention, but without limiting myself thereto, whatI claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:`

1'. In a compressor, the combination of two opposed cylinders, each having a lateral intake port and a head having an outlet chamber, an outlet valve, a piston working in each cylinder, a rigid connection between said pistons and presenting in one side a groove extending transversely ofsaid pistons, a block slidable len hwise of said groove, a crankshaft exten ing transversely ofsaid cylinders and having a crank provided with a crankpin received in a-bearing presented by said xblock, alhousing provided with a T-shaped intake chamber in which said cylinders, said pistons, said block, and said crank-shaft are housed, said housing being provided with an outlet passage connecting said outlet chambers below the latter, .said intake chamber having three openings, two of which are closed by said piston heads, a closure for said third opening and presenting a bearing' through which said crank-shaft extends to the exterior of said housing, and another bearing for said crank-shaft within said 'intake chamber and adj acentfsaid crank.

2. In a compressor, the combination of twov opposed'cylinders, a piston workingr in each cylinder, a rigid connection between said pistons and presenting a 'guide extending trans'- versely ofv said pistons,l a block slidab'le lengthwise of said guide,'a crank-shaft extending transversely of said cylinders and having av crank provided with a crank-pin reccived in a bearing presented by said block, and a housing-provided with a chamber in which said cylinders, said pistons, said cionnection, said block and said crank-shaft arel housed, said chamber having three openings, one through which said crank-shaft may be withdrawn, and two through which said cylinders project into said chamber and through either of which said pistons and said rigid connection may be withdrawn.

lcs

3. In a compressor, the combination of two' opposed cylinders, a piston working in each housed, said housing being provided with an opening through which saidcrank-shaft and said bearing may be withdrawn.

- pumping mechanism comprising opposed cyldirected passages.

4. In a compressor, the combinationof two opposed cylindersa piston working in each cylinder a connection between s aid pistons, a bearing carried by said connection,-a crankshaft extending transversel 'of said cylinders and having a crank provi ed with a crankaring adjacent said crank, a housing within which said crank-shaft is housed,y said housing bein provided with an opening through whic said crank-shaft and said bearing may be withdrawn, a closure for said opening, and a crank-shaft bearing carried by said closure.

5. In a compressor, the combination of two opposed cylinders, a piston workingin each cylinder, a connection between said pistons, a bearing carried by said connection, a crankshaft extending transversely of 'said cylinders and having a crank provided with a crank-pin received 'in said bearing, a crank- 'shaft bearing adjacent said crank, a housing within which said crank-shaft is housed, sai housin bein provided with an opening throng 4whic said crank-shaft and said bearing may be withdrawn, a closure for said opening,l and a. crank-shaft bearing carried by said closure, said closure and said bearing carried thereby cooperating normally to hold said crank-shaft against axial dis lacexnent, und to withdraw said crank-sha t and the first-mentioned bearing whensaid closure is removed from said housing. e

6. In a compressor, the combination ,of-

inders and pistonsworking therein, anda housing having an intakechamber between P and communicating with said cylinders, an

inlet leading'into said chamber above said mechanismsaid cylinders having outlet ports and downwardly-directed passages leading therefrom and a common outlet passage connecting said downwardly-directed passages and having at its lowest point an outlet below' downwardlysaid 'cylinders and below said 7 In a. compressor, the combination of' a pumping mechanism comprising'a cylinder, a piston, and a crank lwhich reciprocates said piston, and a housing having an intake chamber communicating with said cylinder, an inlet leading into said chamber above "and dispumping mechanism comprising a cylinder 1n received in said bearing, Ya crank-shaft chargingvdownwardly onto said crank,l and an outlet below said cylinder.

8. In a compressor, the combination of a pumping mechanism comprising a horizon.

tal cylinder having a lateral inlet port, an

outlet chamber, a valve controlling the outlet from said cylinder to said chamber, a piston working in said cylinder and'covering and uncovering said port, a vcrank which reciprocates said piston, 4and a housing having an intake chamber at one end of said cylinder and comn'innicating with the latter and with said lateral port, anJ inlet leading into said chamber above and discharging onto said .v

crank, and an outlet leading from said outlet chamber below the latter.

,9.v In a compressor, the combination ofa piston, a cylinder in which said piston works', said cylinder' having-a head provided with an outlet chamber, inner and outer plugs in said head, said innerplug presenting a valve seat, an outlet valve cooperating with said seat,

and a spring interposed between said valve and the outer plug and urging said valve toward said seat, removal of said outer plug affording access to and removal-of said valve, said spring and said inner plug.

10. In a compressor, the combination of a piston, a cylinder in which said piston works, said cylinder having a head provided with an Outlet chamber, a vvalve seat projecting into and spaced fromthe sides of said chamber, an outlet valve cooperating with said seat, a plug in said head affording a guide for-said 'fvalve,` and a spring held by said plug and urging said valve toward said seat.

11. In a compressor, the combination of a ita piston, a cylinder in which said piston works,

said-cylinder having a head provided with an out et chamber, a valve seat projecting into and spaced .from the sides of said chamber, an outlet valve cooperating with said seat,

a plug in said head affording a guide for the margin of said valve, said' guide being about and spaced from said seat, and a spring held.

y said plug and urging said valve towards said seat,

12. In a compressor,' the combination of l umping mechanism comprising opposed cylinders and pistons 'working therein,4 said cylinders beingprovided with lateral ports covered and uncovered by said pistons; and

a -housing having ian intake chamber between iis and communicating with said cylinders by way lof said ports when the latter are uncovered bysaid pistons, an inlet leading into said chamberv above said mechanism, said cylinders having outlet ports and downwardly-directed passages leading therefrom, and a common outlet passage connecting said downwardlydirected passages and having vat its lowest point an` outlet below said cylinders and below y said downwardly-directly passages.

13. Ina compressor, the combination of a provided With a lateral port, a piston and a crank which recprocates said piston in said cylinder and causes said piston to cover and uncover said port, and a housing 'having` an intake 'chamber communicating with` said cylinder by way of said port when the latter is uncovered by said piston, an inlet leading into said chamber and discharging downwardly onto said Crank, and an outlet below said cylinder.

In testimony whereof, I have name to this specification.

EUGENE A. COBB.

signed my

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