US1782809A - Process and apparatus for treating oil - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 25, 1930.I I 1. DELATTRE-sl-:GUY 1,782,809

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR TK EINGIOIL Filed June 28, 1926 Patented Nov. 25, 1930 l UNITED STATES PATENT oer-'FICE JEAN DELATTRE-SEGUY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO UNIVERSAL OIL PROD- UCTS COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTAv PnocEss AND APPARATUS non TREATING oIL Application filed .Tune 28, 1926. I, Serial No. 118,980.

latter is in a relatively thin lilm.

The present method not only secures a very even heat transfer between the radiated heat units and the thin film of oil, but also is applied in such a way that the heat does not have to pass through the still or other material holding the oil. ln the particular application of the invention, l shall describe 1t as applied to the distillation of oil approximately at atmospheric pressure, although it is to be understood thatthe invention is in no way limited to such method of distillation.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. l is a vertical sectional view taken through the line B-B of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken throu-gh the line A-A of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan'view with parts shownin dotted lines. i

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates a furnace setting which maybe of brick, provided with the combustion chamber 2, burner 3, Hue 4 leading to combustion chamber 5 having ilue outlet 6 leading to stack 7. The lower side of the combustion chamber 5 may take the form of a brick wall 8, or it may take the form of a metal plate, if desired..

The arrangement is such that the heat radiates through the wall 8 into the heating chamber 9 below. In the chamber 9 on suitable supportslO and 11, is mounted an in- -gclined plate 12, which plate 12 has the flat Abase prtion 13 and side members L4, the arrangement being such as to form 'a shallow wide channel Vfor the oil. The ends of theA plates are mounted on adiustable jacks 15, the arrangement being such that the slope of Y theplate 12'may be varied so asto insure of a more rapid orslow passage ofthe `oil film thereacross. This will-'of course, permit of introduced to the upper end of the plate through the pipe V16 by means of a transversely extending perforated nozzle 17. The oil residue is drawn oil the plate through theA 60 transversely extending funnel 18 provided ing the cracking operation, may

regulating the time of reaction. The oil is with drawo pipe 19 leading to anysuitable resldue storage. The vapors generated, pass up out of the chamber 9 into the vapor collector 20 and thence to vapor pipe 21 leading to any suitable condenser land receiver, not

shown, or the vapors may be carried away to some other place for further treatment`while still in vapor form. Inasmuchas the temperature of the combustion chamber 5 is very intense, it may be desirable to cool the upper wall of the cha-mber by air flues`22, or in any other suitable manner. 'lhe air thus preheated, may be used it' desired, in the; combustion of the fuel.v

From the foregoing, it will be seen that .the carbon deposited on the inclined plate,

will not interfere with the reaction because the heat instead of having to pass through thebottom of the plate and thence through the non-conductive carbon film or deposit,

' comes down directly on top of the oil through the open space in the chamber 9.v

ln carrying out the process of cracking petroleum' oil at atmospheric pressure, the oil., as for example fuel oil, may be passed slowly from the plate and subjected to the relatively intense heat of radiation at whatever temperature desired, say from 900 to 1200o F. more or less, which will break down a substantial part of the fuel oil into light constituents such as gasoline or the like. Other constituents form, such as kerosene or gas oil, which 'can be later separated out .from the pressure distillate, orl all of the constituents may be subjected to ,further cracking elsewhere, if desired.

The carbon deposited upon the late durom time to time be scraped oi, by suitable Scrapers, not shown. l.

-I claim as my invention:

1. A process for dstilling hydrocarbon oils which comprises continuously flowing the oil by gravity'in av relatively thin ilm over an unheated inclined surface, applying a distilling heat solely to the upper surface of said lm without heating the film from below, and removing and-condensing the evolved vapors. i y

2. .A rprocess for .distilling hydrocarbon oils which comprises continuously owing the oil by gravity in a relatively thin lm over an unheated inclined surface, applying a distilling heat solely to the upper surface of said film without heating the lm from below, said distilling heat being transmitted to the ilm by radiation from a heating surfacespaced away from the upper surface of the film whereby the lm at no time contacts with the heating surface, and removing and condensing the evolved vapors.

3. An apparatus for distilling hydrocarbon oils comprising a closed distillation chamber having a heat radiating top portion, an unheated inclined plate disposed within said chamber below said heat radiatingtop portion, means for introducing oil to said chamber adjacent the higher end of said inclined plate to flow over the plate in a thin film, means for applying a distilling heat solely to said heat radiating top portion to be transmitted tothe oil flowing over said plate, and means for removing vapors from said chamber.

4. An apparatus for distilling hydrocarbon oils comprising a closed distillation chamber having a heat radiating top portion, kan unheated inclined plate disposed within said chamber below said heat radiating top portion, means for introducing oil to said chamber adjacent the higher end of said inclined plate to flow over the plate in a thin film, means for applying a distilling heat solely to said heat radiating top portion to be transmitted to the oil flowing over said plate, means for varying the inclination of said plate, and means for removing vapors from said chamber.

JEAN DELATTRE-SEGUY..

Images