US1781531A - Boiler and water heater - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 11, 1930. D. SUMMERS BOILER AND WATER HEATER Filed Sept. 22, 1927 a 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V EN TOR.

A TTORNEYS.

Nov. 11, 1930. L. D. su MME s' 1,781,531

BOILER AND WATER HEATER Filed Sept. 22, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

1930. L. D. SUMMERS BbILER AND WATER HEATER Filed Sept. 22, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS v Patented Nov; 1 1 1 930 'ing steam for heating systems; an object bel I ing in this case to provide a boiler and water provide in a boiler and water heater usingv NIT L TAT PAT T?o her? (LOUIS-D. SUMMERS, or DECATUR,-,

WARE V BOI-[LER AND WATER HEATER 7 Application filed s t mb -za, 1927. serial No. 221,368,

1 '.lhis invention relates t oboilers and water heaters adapted to be used with fuels such as Oll and gas forhcatmg water or generatheater that will be economical to manufacture, practical and convenient to install and on'e'that will develop a high percentage of efliciency in "heat transfer. 7

A'further object of my invention is' to oil'or gas fuels anarrangementby which I accomplish themaximum of heat transfer y from theproducts of combustion as long as '15 l thegas tubes before such the heated gases are cper mitte d to remain in from the heating are'aof the boiler section while the hot gases With these andother. objects in view this' graph and, illustrated in the drawings form i 1 Fig.1 isatop'view of my boiler and water ii'ig apartof thi's specification, in which drawingslike numerals indicate like partsin the several figures; I i

Rieferring to the figures:

heateri 4 7 Fig. 2, is a slde construction of my boiler and water heater.- a Figi-3is a vertical half-section of my boiler f "Whenburning oil 6r gas as fuels especially gases are discharged plant in their coolest state: A further object of my invention is to provide a boiler and Water heater for using gas and oil fuels having in integralcombinai tion therewith a heat economizer compart-' ment adapted to economically and eflectively' vutilize the principle'of counterfiowwhereby' the slowly heating water rises to the upper slowly settle to a lower level through the gas tubes in approaching the flue outlet therefor;

invention concerns 'in'iprovements in boiler construction, the deta ls of whlch will be hereinafter explained inthe following para-' elevation, thereof; disclos ing in a cut-away certain lnterior details of,

itis an important item to have'as much of I ILLINOIS, Ass'IGNoR; BYQ'MEVSNE rsmmmmy fld 1 LEADER IRON. WORKS, Ind, OF,DEGATUB,,;ILLINOIS, A oonrormcrron 0 DELL;

Water chamber surfaces as possiblecome'in direct contact with the hot gasesfrOm the combustion chamber and in thisconnection I am prov dln g an arrangement/of structure in the "hot o my boiler and water heater that will permit I gases from the combustion chamber to pass up through a plurality of relatively chamber from where they settle through a pluraht-y'of relatively larger gas tubes'be small tubes and then through an uppergas 7 fore passing out to'thei house flue through a lower gaschamber connected with the flue.

'In burning fuels iti's' necessary to main- 'tain a temperature varying from 900 to 1600 degrees Fahrenheit in'order to produce com- I bustion and when the flame while in the process. of combustion touches a surface having, a temperature less than approximately? 900v degrees it tends to break down the carbonforming What is. commonly known as "soot which covers the surface with which it comes in contact tendlng to form a coating of the sameover such surfaces thatlwould somewhat insulate the surface from the heat from the products" of combustion'making it harder to heat the surface and thusacconiplis'h a heat trans'ferto and through" the surfaces with whichthe products of combustion are adapted to comeinto contact."v I i r V In order therefore to provide a boiler and Waterheater of suitable-efficiency, I provide an arrangement of details of structure whereby the combustion chamber therein, Y

of-the'heatin'g I plant is uprightly' and eccentrically disposedi The Tconibustion chamber'jis; encompassed by a water compartment anwpmvided with a group of upright gas tubes relatively'small I 'in size extending through'tliewaterchamberf so that asthe hot gases pass upward from" the fire box through'thesetubeswhich are f I V surrounded Iby'water communicating with the central water chamberthey come in contact with a greater surface area for heating the water, especially since the construction of my boiler and Water heater provides for the hotga ses to settle by heat Stratification down through a pluralityof relatively larger gas tubes partially surrounding thefcombustion' is encased by chamber and also extending through the central water chamber in an upright position.

Referring in detail to the several parts of my boiler and water heater and the relation of modate thehot' gases as they ascend toward upper gas chamber from which the hot gases descend to lower gas cl'iamber 6 a through a-plurality of gas tubes 7- before they, pass out to the-house flue through up Central water chamber 9 surrounds combustion chamber 1 whlle fire tubes -A-and 7-+ are so mounted as'to extend 2e entirely through central water chamber -9.

per plate 10and lower Tub s-t m surroundedrbyaportion of V by numeral o Tubes are secured into operating p0 sitijonlby upperplate 10 and lower plate l 1-" whiletubes T, are secured to .up-

plate -.-12

central water chamber -9 positioned above the combustion: chamber and" indicated lVater chamber -9 tionthroughaperture -14 and inthe upperarea through aperture 1 5.'

tively thin water chamber 16 above/the upper gas chambemf5 through tubes -17- -1s-, mafia-a provided aboveupper gas chamber 5f inv orderto give an especially hot application of the hot gases to the water in chamber 16,--'

just before it leaves the boiler through outlet 20- to go out over the heating system,

which in this case couldbe either steam; or hotwater.

Numeral indicates control i for the supply of oil or gas .while numeral seab s i i -1 1 I Cashmere-123* surrounds. the combust on formation and steam gauge is provided for safety.

-{22; indicates an aperture through which tne operatormay observe the flame as the 011 chamber, central'water chamber, upper waterchan ber +16- upper gas chamber 5+- and lower gasflchamber v6- .Water gauge Q L- ispro ided safety of the operator lwhile A cold lower connectionindicated by spud +26%- positioned in the rear of casing @23 nearer .thelower. area 'of the water chamber 9-.

The hot products, of combustion may ,be

by assedpdirectly to thevhouse flue 8-'- from combustion I chamber -1- through short circuit, pipe-28 into flue pipe .-8+ by {thermostatic influence on automatic. by-

however; communicates with chamber 13- at the lower posit ke is provided at at combustion over to water where it'is desired to secure from a heating plant the highest possible efficiency.

All cold w ter return is brought into the lowest part ofthe economizer section through spud #26 thereby bringing the coldest water in contact with the coldest gases before the gases leave the heating plant through the lower gas chamber of the house flue; by which method I secure the highest over-all eificiency in the heating plant.

v The economizer section of the boiler and the centralwater section overthe combustion chamber are cross connect ed'through ports l4 and 15- respectively at the lower a'ndupper levels and by this means the water is'give'n' a free circulation through the watercompartment enabling the heating water tolofreely move to the point where it will absorb the most heat in the shortest time due to thephysical laws governing the gravity ,7 -move'ment of heating water. The boiler Water chamber -9- connects w th -rela-,

would then maintain what may be termed a thermostatic balance; that is, the tendency forthe coldest water to remain on the bot- V V I e tom and the hottest water to be delivered to Relativelythinwater chamber -16- is.

- At this level the Water rises as it becomes heated "and by displacement is slowly moved on up by a new supply of incoming cold water and it mayjpass up and through aperture 14r where the heat transfer may beaccelerated by the heat coming up through tubes; from the combustion chamber Upper"plate-10-:provides a common covering for upright water chamber 13 and water chamber 9 which are communicatively connected through aperture 14 at the bottom of chamber ..13 and aperture l5 at the top thereof. These two apertures are communicatingopenings in an upright cylindrical jacket .--31 encompassing combustion chamber 1- as well as water chamber -13.

Tothose skilled invthe heating art it will be observed in the study of my invention that "certain details of construction may be varied and would be permissible within the spirit and scope of my invention, but the preferred design and method of operation has been disclosed in the paragraphs above and illustrated; in the. drawings connected herewith. .Having thus described the 1 meritsand character "of my invention and the preferred details of structure thereof, I claim;

In a fire tube boiler, an outer shell, a combustion chamber in the lower portion of said shell, a horizontal tube sheet above said combustion chamber; a set of relatively small upright fire tubes connected into said tube sheet and extending through a water chamber to an upper tube sheet and affording communication between said combustion chamber and an upper gas'chamber formed above said upper tube sheet, a second set of relatively large fire tubes having a combined cross sectional area'in excess of that-of said [relatively small fire tubes and extending from said upper chamber to a third tube sheet located below the level-of the first mentioned tube sheet and surrounding the said combustion chamber, a smoke box below said lowermost tube sheet, an inner upright shell surrounding said set of relatively smallffire tubes, and said combustion chamber and having upper and lower; water passages therethrough to ailord communication between the water space'inclosed by said shell and the water space surrounding said shell, said upper, gas chamber being :slightly spaced from the top of-the boiler to provide a relatively thin steam space, a plurality. of steam conducting tubes extending from the upper tube sheet to said steam space and commun1- eating with said water chamber, a normally closed outlet from said upper gas chamber and an outlet for said lower smoke chamber communicatingwith said upper gas outlet v 1 and a gas discharge flue."

- I this 23d day of 50 i In witness whereof, I hereunto set my hand August, 1927 LOUIS. D.

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