US1759292A - Hoisting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

' Mayv 2.0;' 1930.

J. s. BARCLAY 1,759,292

HOISTING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 30, 1927 MM YWQ ,7 v

Patented May 20d7 1930 PATENT OFFICE JOHN SYDNEY BARCLAY, or NEWMALDEN, ENGLAND Y HoIs'TING APPARATUS..

y Application mea september so, 1,927, serial No.

This'invention is yfor improvements in or relating to hoisting apparatusand has vfor an object to provide an improvedconstruction of the same which is particularly adapted for use with boat-loweringfand raising gear asV used on ships, although the inventionl is not limited to this particular application.

I provide in hoisting apparatus the combination with a winding drum, and a means for rotatingfit, of a free-wheel devicey between them which permits rotation-of the drum in the hoisting direction independently yof the said means, and aL second independent means for rotating the drum in the hoisting direction at a'higher speed than does the first` said means. The said first 'mentioned means'for rotating the drum comprises a` handle or a motor which operates through a speed-reduc--l ing gear, and .the secondmentioned means comprises a handle directly connected tothe drum.. i t i l The .said free-wheel device isy located in the interior of the winding drum and comprises a pawl-carrying membersecured to a driving shaft andfcarrying a' plurality of pawls adapted to move radially outwards,'fo'r example under the action of gravity orcentrifugal force, into driving relation with ratchet teeth formed on the inner surface of the winding drum. The handle for rotating the drum is normally maintained out ,Of operative engagement therewith but can be engaged with it, for example by axial movement against a spring, for the purpose of rotating the drum in the hoisting direction.

The pawls are -constitutedfeachv by a block formed at one end with a rib' of cylindrical or semi-cylindrical shape to fit within a correspondingly shaped lrecess upon the` pawlcarrying member and provide a pivotal joint, and at the other end curved ycylindrically about the axis of the said pivotal joint to co,

operate with a similar face upon t-he pawlcarrying member to guide the block in its pivotal movements. 'Each pawl carryingmem-A secured on ysaid drum to locate it. axially with respect tov said member. Said end-plates may 22.31131aani1 in Greatrtain October 13, 1.9.26,-

also `provide bearings for the drnm on said alternate drive .in the case of failure of the power supply, on the countershaft. o

A particular embodiment of this invention', as applied to boat-lowering gear for use on ships, will now be describedv with reference to the4 accompanying drawings but it istobe uns..

derstood that this embodiment is describedby'.

vway of example only.

vEZ and 3 and worm gears l and 5, the wind'- ing.V drum Aor barrel k6 whereto thev falls are Secured The Wornlrwh'eel 5 Ofthelwerm'gear. is keyed tothe drum-shaft 8 and the drum is connected to' the shaft through apa'wlfand-V ratchet mechanism hereinafter ydescribed ywhich constitutes a freefwheel device; the

pawl-and-ratchet are so arranged that'the drive is'transmitted from thefmotor l to the drum 6 in thev hoisting direction, but the drum can overrun the motorin the hoisting direction.

Provision is also made for rotating the drum by means of a suitable handle 7 which can be mountedfdirectly on thev drum-shaft 8. This handle is provided inI order that the drum maybe rotated at a higher speed than is possible. with ythe motor drive, and is par;v ticularly intended for rapidly winding in the fallsl lafter a boat has been released from them and another boat is required to be low- .y ered. The handle is .detachable in order that it may be removed during ,the lowering operv ation, l For'this purpose the'handle isv made to fit easily uponareduced end of the drum'-y shaft 8 and'has formed upon it a hollow boss 9 into which a pin 10 secured to the drum can enter when the handle-is ttedon the shaft. VBy'this means the handle' 'can ybe caused to rotate the drum and is easily detachable therefrom. Alternatively the handle may be mounted on the drum in a manner similar tothe starting handle of a-motorcar engine, thatis to say, it is normally free from engagement with the drum but can be moved axially againstthe action of ahspring into engagement with it when it is desired to rotate the drum by hand in the hoisting direction., n y t, Y y f A suitable mechanical construction ofthe freefwheeldevice aforesaid is illustrated in AFigures 1 and 3. In this construction,rthe

drumis formed with open ends1(as shown in Figure 1) and hasa circumferential ribv V11 Vprovided with ratchet teeth 12faroundV the `interior thereof. A pawl-carrying mem- V `ber13, keyed tothe shaft 8 is located within the drum 6 and carries a series of pawls 14.

Clamping rings 15 are yinserted inthe ends .f ofgthe drumsand are drawn together. by

`bolts 16after thejdrum and the pawl-carrying member have been Vassembled on the shaft.

i These clamping L rings are provided with bushes 17 which allow the drum to run freely i upon the shaft when it overruns the member 13. They alsoiserve to position the'drum accurately with Vrelation. to the-member 13 and to maintain vthe paw/lsi`l14i in'V their correct'k positions. These pawls'are. provided withV rounded ends 18l engaging corresponding recesses in thel member 13 which carries them,V

so as to constitute'a pivotal connection, such connection giving the maximum strength against crushing or shearing stresses such as are encountered by the pawl. TheV forward endgof each ypawl is. curved concentrically with its pivotal axis, and the end wall of the recess is similarly curvedtojconstitute a guide retaining 'the'pawl against movement away from its pivotal axisf The pawls 14 swingradially outwards tofengage theratchet-teeth Y ce' 12'onthe worm-wheeLand this movement is effectedV automatically either 'by centrifugal force or by gravity* as a lpawl comestothe under-side vof'the-'worn 1 wheel, .as it is then freeV to fall into engagement. In the construction illustrated six pawls are used, so that it is ensured thatone Vor'more'are in i the'engaging position nat all times. It will be obviousyhowever, that thenumber'of pawls ,f-tionat a greater speed than that of the pawlcarrying member v13 independently ofthe vlatter and that the Vpawls 14 will automatically'engagejthevratchet teethr12 to drive the owing to the simplicity of the construction,

which conduces to great reliability.

Similarly, all the operations are extremely simple. sired to lower two or more boats successively from the saine davits,.the first boat is swung out'and loweredin th'e'usual manner under the control of a hand-brake or an automatic centrifugal brake or both V(these parts being ofany usual or desired constructiony and therefore not described in detail); VDuring vthe lowering operationthe drum 6 is positively engaged with the hoisting motor 1 by the ratchet'andfpawl, so that themotor is driven by thefalling load, .or `if desired the motorvcould be disconnected by a separate clutch as hereinafter described. Assoonr as the boat has been released it is desired to'wind j Vin the falls rapidly in order to lower the sec- Thus, for example, if itis de ond boat. The handle 7 is then applied to or Y en Vaged with the windin ldrum 6k as revig g P ouslyV described, so that this operationcan be fperformed at once, and ata'higher rate than. the motor can do lit, owing Vto the reducing gear-which-'is used between theV motor and the winding drum. As soon as the-falls havey been wound in, the nextfboat can be Yswung out and lowered the only operation required being the removal or disengagement ofthe winding handle 7.

: In thecase of hoisting a boat on board, the

winding in willbe done by means 'of the motor, and if desired, thehandle may Yalso be` operated simultaneously for rapidly taking up any slack which may arise'.

When electric motorsrare used kon board ship for thehoisting operat1ons,*it'is desir'-v able to provide an alternative drive, in the case Vof `failure of the power supply, and'thisj is effected in thelconstruction illustrated byf providing a handle 20 Von thel worm 4shaft as shown in Figure 2.

Y A v,clutch is interposed between ythe spur wheel EV andthe'worm shaft 24, whereby the latter eanbe disconnected from the motor" during manual operation, either 'hoisting or lowering, of the wormv shaft. This clutch is conveniently a jdog-clutchj21, 22 controlled by a pivoted vlever 23. The lever' can be moved about its pivot to separate the clutch Y members 21, v22, so that'fthe shaft can rotate independently of the spur wheelV 3. When hoisting, the clutch is retained in'its engag-` ing position by the pressure on `the teeth.

The lever 23 maybe interconnected with the main switch or cut-out for Vthe motor in order toensure that the clutch is engaged wheneverv power is supplied to the motor.y

fitted with a second free-wheel device'similar to that previously described.

Although la particular construction has been described, involving a manual drive as a second means of rotating the drum, it is to be understood that the'invention is not limited thereto, for it could equally .well be used with other driving means. Also, it will be appreciated that any desired form of free- Wheel device which will permit overrunning of the parts in the mannerhereinbefore described can be used instead of the particular ratchet-and-pawl mechanism.

, I claim:

1. In a hoisting apparatus, the combination with a winding drum anda driving' means for rotating it, of a free-wheel device between said winding drum and the lsaid driving means which permits rotation of the druml in the hoisting direction independently of the driving means and a second driving` means,` independent of the first driving means, for rotating the drum` in the hoisting .direction at a higher speed than does the f `first named driving means.

2. `In a hoisting apparatus, the combination of a winding drum, driving means for vsaid drum, a free-wh-eel device between said winding drum and its driving means which e; permits rotation of the drinn vin the hoisting direction independently of the said means and manually operable vdriving means connected to the drum for rotating it in the hoisting direction ata higher speed than does the first said driving means.

3. In a hoisting apparatus, the combination of a winding drum, driving means for said drum, a free-wheel device between said winding drum and its driving` means which permits rotation of the drum in the hoisting direction independently of the said ,means and a handle directly secured to the drum for rotating it in the hoisting direction at a higher speed than does the said driving means. Y

4. In a hoisting apparatus, the vcombination of a winding druin,rdriving means for said drum, a'free-wheel device between said winding drum and its ydriving means which qy permits rotation of the drum in the hoisting direction independently of thesaid means,

' a handle, and means for engaging the handle at will directly with said drum for rotating it in the hoisting direction at a higher speed than does th-e said driving means.

5.-'In a hoisting apparatus, the combination of a winding drum, a handle for driving the drum, a second driving means 'for said drum, a free-wheel device between said wind- 1 ing drum and the second said means which permits rotation of thedrum in the hoisting direction independently ofthe said second ymeans, said free-wheel device being located in the interior of the winding drum and com- `'l prising a paWl-carrying member secured to said'second means and carrying a plurality of pawls adapted to swing radiallyvontwards into driving engagement with ratchet teeth formed upon the inner surfacelof the drum.

V6. In a hoisting' apparatus, the combina tion of a'windingdrum,v a handle for driving the drum, a second driving means for' said drum', a free-wheel device between said winding drum and the second saiduneanswhich permits rotation of the drum in the hoisting direction independently of the said second means, said free-wheel device being located in the interior of the Winding `drum and comprising a pawl-carrying member secured to said secondfmeans, and carrying a pluralityof pawls adapted to swing radially, outwards intov driving engagement with-ratchet teeth each of which pawls is constituted by a block formed at one end with a rib of substantially,V

rounded section tofit within a correspond- `formed upoliztlieinner surface ofthe drum,

ingly .shaped recess Ain thepawl-ca'rrying member and provide` a pivotal joint, and at the other endcurved cylindrically about the axis of said pivotal joint toV coi-operatelwith a similar face upon the. pawl--carrying inem-` ber toguide the V.block in itslpivotalmovements." f.

7. In ahoisting apparatus, fthe combina?. tionV of a windingdrumhaving ratchet teeth, formed on its inner surface, ,anf operating handle directly secured .tojsaid drum for driving` it, a shaft within said drum, a second drivingmeans independent of saidf operating handle and operatively lconinactedut'o said shaft, Va pawl-carrying member'r secured on Y said shaft, pawls carried therebylandkv adapted to engage the ratchet-teeth aforesaid on said `drum, and end plates secured'ony saidY drum and engaging axially with the Vpawlcarrying member. 4

f 8. In a hoisting apparatus, the'eombinal' tion ofawinding drumv having ratchetv teeth formed on its'inner surface, an* operating 9. In a hoisting apparatus, the combinationIof a'power-driving shaft, a pinion thereon, a'w'orm-shaft, a gear-wheel meshing with saidpinion-and freely mounted on said wormshaft, a clutch between said gear-wheel and theworm-.shaft, a, Winding-shaft, a yworinwheel on said winding shaft driven by the said worm-shaft, a winding-drum, a handle directly secured thereto, a uni-directionally effective clutch between said drum and the winding'shaft and a handle secured -to the worm-shaft. l

" v 10. In a hoisting apparatus, the combination of a power driving shaft, a pinion thereon, a worm shaft, a gear wheel meshing with said pinion Vand freely mounted on said worm shaft, a clutch between Vthe said Y gear lwheel and the worm shaft, a winding shaft, a worm d "wheel `on said .windingvshaft driven by the Said worm shalft,.aY winding drum, a handle directly secured thereto, a pawland ratchet mechanism effective between said drum and f the winding shaft, and ahandle securedr to the worm shaft. if f I 11. Ina hoisting apparatus, the combination of a` worm-'driving gear, two) free-'wheel Vclutches driven thereby, two drums driven f respectively through said free-wheel clutches and independentmea'nsfor directly driving each of said drums v 512. In a hoisting apparatus,the combina p tionof a worm-driving gear, two free-wheel clutchesdriven thereby, two drums driven re-k spectively through/"said free-wheel clutches and. independent means for directly driving.

` each yof said drums,each of said Vfree-wheel y located in the interior of and encircledby its Y Y respective drum, pawls freely pivoted in said member to swing outwardly intoV drivingenclutches comprising a pawl-carrying member gagement with teeth formed on the inner surface of lsaid drum,.and` end plat-es secured 'to Vsaid drum to coact 'with the pawl-carrying member and locate the'dru'm relatively thereto, said end plates also. providing bearings forV the drum on thedrum-'driving shaft.

13. In ahoisting apparatus, thecornbina- Y tion of a Worm-driving gear, a countershaft 4.0 handle securedto saidcountershaftV wherebyy it canbe rotated-manually when ritis defor driving said gear, driving means connectable to said countershaftthrough avclutch, a

clutchedA from said driving means, two freewheel clutches driven by said worm-gear, two drums driven respectively through said freewheel clutches, andv independent means for directly driving each of said drums. A

14. Ina hoisting apparatus, the combinationof a wormdriving gear, a plurality'of free-wheel clutches` driven thereby, drums f driven through said Afree-wheel clutches, and independent meansv for directly driving each of said drums.

t 15. In a hoisting apparatus, the combinationof a worm-driving gear,a plurality of free-,wheel clutches driven thereby, drumsv driven respectivelyf'throug-h said free-wheel clutches, and independentemeans fori-sepa-V rately driving each of said drums.V q l In testimony whereof I aiiX my signature,

JOHN SYDNEY BARCLIAY`

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