US1759100A - Apparatus for pulverizing materials - Google Patents

Description

May 20, 1930. I F. H. DANIELS APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIALS Filed Aug. 21, 1926 INVENTOR d gm WITNESS Patented May 20, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CORPORATION, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHU- SETTS APPARATUS FOR PULVERIZING MATERIALS Application filed August 21, 1926. Serial No. 130,750.

This invention relates to pulverizing apparatus, and more particularly to an apparatus of the beater typefwhich' is arranged tocomminute material by the action of revoluble impact bodies.

A machine of the type shown in the reissue patent to Blyth #16229 of Dec. 15, 1925, comprises sets of revoluble pegs arranged on opposite sides of a rotatable disk which co= operate with stationary pegs on the casing walls to crush the material fed thereto: A machine of this type is particularly efficient in the second'or outlet zone to produce fine grinding, but the pegs are relatively fragile and'may be easily broken if tramp iron or other large, hard foreign bodies get into the casing. Also a machine of this type requires a powerful fan to move'the material through i the casing, and this has been accomplished heretofore by a fan arranged adjacent to the outlet.

It is one object of this invention to.provide a machine of the type shown in the Blyth patent in which preliminary crushing beaters arranged in the inlet zone are so shaped that they will aid in propelling the material .through the casing, and they are so constructed that they cannot be easily broken, and the large, hard, foreign bodies will be eliminated and prevented from entering the second pulverizing zone.

A further object of the invention is'to pro-- vide an apparatus of the type shown in the patent to Blyth in which the fan, adjacent to the outlet is supplemented by a further fan adjacent to the inlet which creates an air current tending to move the material away from the inlet and distribute it to the annular passage around the central rotatable disk and thereby aid in feeding the material properly to the second pulverizing zone.

Itis a still further object of this invention to provide a pulverizing apparatus in which the material is crushed by wide beater fan blades arranged adjacent to the inlet to set up an air current moving towards the outlet and which are so constructed that they will hurl the material outwardly'and at the same time insure its propulsion towards the machine outlet.

With these and other objects in view, as will be apparent'to one skilled in the art, my'invention resides in the combination of parts set forth in the specification and covered by the claims appended hereto. I

According to one embodiment of my invention, I provide a pulverizing apparatus com-' prising two connected pulverizing zones. In the first zone I arrange a set of rotatable beaters, winch are so constructed as to efficiently pulverize material preliminarily,

escape to a proper receptacle. The second I zone is so constructed as to bring about efficiently the final pulverization of the mate rial, .and preferably comprises revoluble impact bodies or pegs mounted on, a suitable rotor. If desired, these revoluble pegs may u coact with stationary pegs mounted on the casing .wall. The material may be carried through this zone on an air current directed toward a centrally disposed outlet, in' such a way as to travel against the centrifugal ac tion set up by the revolving pegs. The air current is initially produced by the wide fan blades on the rotary heaters in the first zone, and this fan is further'supplemented, in the embodiment illustrated, by a second fan located in the outlet pipe connecting with the second zone. Revoluble arms or rejector blades may be arranged to sweep across the exit opening and thusprevent the escape of coarse particles therethrough.

Referring to the drawings, in which like reference numerals indicate like parts:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the machine illustrated somewhat diagrammati cally;

I Fig. 2 is a section on the line 22 of Fi 1; I

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1; and

therewith.

deliver coarse material to the first pulveriz- Fig. 4 is an isometric view of the rotary beater.

The embodiment of my invention illus trated in the drawings comprises a horizontally split casing arranged to form a cylindrical. pulverizing chamber and a fan chamber 11, connected by a central passage 12 which forms an outlet for the pulverizing chamber. A horizontal rotatable shaft 14% entends centrally through both chambers.

chamber 10 is divided into two pulverizing zones 16 and 1? by a rotor or disk 20. This disk is mounted on a hub 21, which is keyed to the shaft let, and arranged to rotate A feed chute 23 is arranged to ing zone 16 through an inlet opening 2 1 in the casmg wall. if desired, a further opening 25 may be provided for the admission of air;

In order to crush the coarse material preliminarily without the danger of damage from tramp iron, I mount a rotary beater 27 on the shaft 14 adjacent to the inlet 24:. In order that the beater may serve notonly to crush the material preliminarily but also .as a fan to move the material away from the inlet and towards the outlet, it is provided with rigid, wide fan blades 28 which are shown as extending radially from the central hub mounted on the shaft 14. The rear disk or plate portion of this heater is opposed to the inlet, and the parts are so constructed that the coarse material fed against this rear circular plate is struck a blow and hurled by the fan blades 28 outwardly and radially towards the casing wall and the peripheral passage to the second grinding zone. If desired, this beater fan maybe arranged to crush the material bythrowing it directly against the casing wall, but I have found it advisable to provide amember more closely adjacent to the peripheral path of the beater arms. Que suitable device comprises a perforated grid 30 on the casing outside of the beater. This grid thus forms a wall beneath the beater blades and cooperates with the casing to form a compartment arranged to hold the coarse material close to the peripheral path of the blades. if desired, the grid may be provided with openings as shown, for the escape of crushed material radially therethrough. In the preferred embodiment illustrated, the grid 30 does not completely surround the beater, but is formed with an enlarged opening 31 for the escape of hard foreign bodies. A pocket 33 may be provided at the lower part of the casing for such hard bodies, and they may be removed from the machine by withdrawing a slide plate 35 which forms the bottom of the pocket. In order' to prevent any possibility of the arms 28 being broken by tramp iron, the beater fan 27 may be attached to the shaft 14 by a frangible connection, such as a shear- "coarse material and foreign bodies.

ing pin 36. This pin is preferably of sufficient strength to drive the beaterunder ordinary conditions, but will shear and prevent damage to the beater if an unusual obstruction is encountered.

The machine is so arranged as to produce fine pulverization in the second zone 17. For this purpose, sets of revolublc impact pegs 3? may be mounted in concentric circles on the disk 20, and these revoluble pegs may inter mesh with stationary pegs 38 mounted on the casing wall. The pegs 37 and 38 may be held in any suitable manner, but the preferred method is fully disclosed in the patent to Riley No. 1,576, 17 2. If desired, rejector blades 4.0 may be mounted on the hub 21, and arranged to revolve adjacent to the outlet opening 12. Coarse material reaching these blades will be thrown back by centrifugal force into the pulverizing chamber. A beveled ring 41 surrounding the blades will assist in this action.

Cooperating with thebeaterfan and serving to withdraw material from the machine is a suitable fan 45 whichmay be mounted on the shaft'le and arranged to rotate in the chamber 11. A. current of air is thus drawn through the machine, and fine material is carried on this air current and discharged through a tangential outlet opening 46.

The operation of my invention will no v be apparent from the above disclosure. Shaft 14 is rotated by any suitable source of power.

Coarse material is delivered to the chute 23 by any suitable feeding device, and passes through the opening 24 into the first zone 16. The material is broken by impact with the revolving arms 28, cooperating with the grid 30. Hard foreign bodies are thrown through the opening 31 and drop into the pocket 33. Crushed material is drawn by the air current around the outside of the disk 20. into the second zone 17. Here it passes against the centrifugal action of the revolving pegs 37 and is finely pulverized by impact with pegs 37 and 38. The blades 40 return coarse material to the pegs for further pulverization, and the fine material passes into the fan chamber 11 and is discharged thrbugh opening 46.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention provides a pulverizing apparatus in which coarse material may be efliciently reduced to a desired degree of lineness. The preliminary crushing operation is accomplished by rigid heaters especially constructed to withstand wear from contact Ykith foreign bodies entering the machine will at once pass into the pocket provided for'them and can be easily removed. The crushed material is finely pulverized in the second zone, and passes out of the machine as soon as it is sufiiciently comminuted.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Let ters Patent, is:

l. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having two grinding zones, the outlet zone communicating with the inlet zone at its periphery only, means forming an inlet and an outlet respectively for said zones, a set of wide revoluble substantially radial beater fan blades arranged to crush material delivered through the inlet and create an air current towards the second zone, and impact bodies revolubly mounted in the second zone ing and arranged to form two communicating pulverizing zonesadjacent to said inlet andsaid outlet respectively, a rotary beater fan in the first zone having wide substantially radial blades which are arranged to crush material delivered thereto and create an air current towards the outlet, and revoluble impact bodies in the second zone arranged to pulverize material delivered thereto from the first zone.

3. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and a centrally located outlet, a rotor mounted within the casing and arranged to form twocommunicating pulverizing zones, a rigid notary beater fan in the first zone having wide blades arranged to crush material delivered thereto and move it towards the outlet, a perforated grid located outside of said beater and arranged to cooperate therewith, and revoluble impact bodies in the second zone arranged to pulverize material finely.

4. A pulverizingapparatus comprisinga 3 casing having an inlet and a centrally located outlet, a rotor mounted within the casing and arranged to form two communicating pulverlzing zones, a rlgld rotary beater fan in the first zone arranged to crush material preliminarily and create an air current moving towards the second zone, a perforated grid arranged outside of said beater and adapted to cooperate therewith, means to eliminate hard foreign bodies from the first zone, and inter-fitting revoluble and stationary impact bodies in the second, zone to pulverize material finely.

5. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet for material and a centrally located outlet, a rotary disk mounted within the casing and arranged to form two pulverlzing zones communicating around the periphery of the disk, a rigid rotar'y beater fan in the first zone having wideradial fan blades arranged adjacent to said inlet, a perforated grid arranged outside of said beater fanto cooperate therewith to crush the material, said grid having small,

openings for the passageof crushedmaterial,

and providing a large opening for the escape V of hard foreign bodies, and revoluble and stationary impact bodies in the second zone to pulverize material finely.

.6. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having a centrally located inlet and an outlet, revoluble impact bodies adjacent to the outlet arranged to. pulverize material fed thereto, and a beater fan adjacent to the inlet having wide blades arranged to crush the material preliminarily and to move it towards the revoluble impact bodies.

7. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet anda centrally located outlet, means forming twozones communicating adjacent the periphery of the casing,

" revoluble impact members in the outlet zone which are so arranged that material must pass inwardly against the action of centrifugal force set up by said rotating bodies tc reach the outlet, and a beater fan in the first zone adjacent to the inlet which has wide fan blades'arranged to crush the material preliminarily and create an air current tending to move the material towards the second 1 8'. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having 'an inlet and an outlet, a revoluble beater fan adjacent to the inlet which has wide blades arranged to crush the material and create an air current away from the inlet and a supplemental fan near the outlet to aid in transporting the material from the casing.

-9. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, a beater fan adjacent to the inlet having rigid, wide, I

radial blades arranged to crush the material preliminarily and create an air current towards the outlet, a set otrevoluble impact members arranged to receive the material thrown from said blades and further pulverize it, and a fan adjacent to the outlet to aid in transporting the material from the casing.

10. A pulverizing apparatus comprising, a casing having aninlet for material and a centrally located outlet, a rotary disk mounted within the casing and arranged to form two grinding zones adjacent to said inlet and outlet respectively, said grinding zones'communicating around the periphery of said disk, revoluble impact members on the disk in the second zone, a beater fan in the first zone adjacent to the inlet arranged,to crush the material preliminarily and create an air current towards the outlet, and afan adjacent to the outlet cooperating with said beater fan to create a current of air through the casing. l

11. A pulverizing apparatus comprising a casing having an inlet and an outlet, and a rotary beater fan having a circular disk between the inlet and the outlet and a series of radially arranged wide fan blades integral wzaagwo the material fed through thg inlet and; wb'ri it outwardly and. to create an air cits-Trent towards the outletof the casing.

Signed at Worcester, Mass., this 29th deity of August, 1926.

with said disk which are arrangec'i to s' rike FRED lslmrmm.

Images