US1758155A - Coal-burning brooder - Google Patents

Description

j May 13, 1930. w. D. HARVY COAL BURNING BROODER Filed oct. 17, 1927 s sheet-sheei 1 iinn1 .Ewa/150K!- PVEX May 13 1930- w. D. HARVEY 1,758,155

I coAL BURNING BRooDER Filed Oct. 17, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 13, 1930. wl D. HAlvEY 1,758,155

GOAL BURNING BROODER I VFiled OCT.. 17, 1927 .5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 1 3, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT omen WILLIAMV now HARVEY, or MACoIvIB, ILLINOIS, AssIeNoItk To AMERICAN STEEL PRODUCTS co., or MACCMB, ILLINoIs, A CORPORATION or ILLINOIS A CoAL-'BURNING BnoonE-R Application led October- 17, 1927. Serial No. 226,652.

My invention relateskto brooders for use- .with solid fuel (such'as coal, coke or Wood) and in some of its general objects aims to provide a simple and relatively` inexpensive 5 broeder affording the followingadvantages: (1j) An automatic regulation of the heat by a simultaneous control ofthe air supply Fig; 1- is a fragmentary view ofl a brooder embodying my invention, showing a front elevation of the heater and draft-regulating means, together with fragmentary Vcentral and vertical section of the hofver supported by theheater. Y -V Y Fig. 2 isl a fragmentary plan view of the same broode-r. Y y Y Fig iis a. viewV taken at right angles to Fig. 1,. comprisinga side elevationofthe same heater, taken from the left `sidefof Fig. 1f, and a fragmentary centraland vertical sectio-n= of the-hover.

F ig. 4 is an enlarged plan View of theA heater and ofl a .part of the check draft damping arrangement, Witha portion ofthe heater cut aw'ayto show portions of the bafiie member which cooperates With side Wall top portions of the heater body to form a check 40 draft chamber; Y

Fig. is aperspective View ofthe baille Vmember ofthe heater.y

Eig. is an enlarged vertical section, taken alongtheline 65e-6.0i: Fig. 32to show. the check drafty arrangement.. i

' Figc? an enlarged vertical: section along the laire 7'-71of Fig; 3; toshow the draft con;- trol for` the supply.y of air'` through the grate.

Fig, 85 is a fragmentary elevation of the heater body taken. from theline 8.--8'- of Fig.

6 to show the shape of the check draft aperture andthe outer end of the baille member.

In the illustrated embodiment, the heater body comprises a bottom section 1 supporting an ashpitsectionlwhieh latter section supports both` the grate 3'y and the main bodyfsection (or combustion ychamber section) 4,. alll of these sections being shown a'sVapproXi'- mately square, although their` horizontal shape is immaterial. The ashpitsection 2 has at its front door 5 which can be detached both for removing the ashes and for securing kan intensedraft When the fuel is first lighted,

Vbut thisdoor is closed when the fire is vWell Vof the ashpit'sectionofthe heater body.

The topf( ofthe heater body,'vvhich` is here Vshown as integral With` the side Walls of the main body section, is providedV ywith a flue pipe collar 8, desirably near but slightly spaced from the reary side Wall of the heater body, and isalso provided. with a fuel inlet which: is normally closed by a lid 9. Adjacent to the flue pipe collar, and desirably at Vthe same. side of the heater With the airsupply aperture 6, the heater body is provided near its topwwith an aperture 10' opening into a check `draft chamber 11 which underhangs the flue aperture ,Sandy which has a restricted connection to the combustion chambersection of the heater.. Y, y I

The check draft chamber 11v has three of its sides formed byupper side wall portions'of the 4heater body and Vhas apart of the heater top 7 as its own top, While the fourth side Wall and the bottom of vthislcheck draft ,chamber are respectively formed' by the vertical Web 12 andthe horizontal Web 13' of a baffle member which` is pictured separately in F ig. 5". This baiile member has ,its vertical web 12 in alinement-rwiththe part of the fuel inlet nearest to the flue aperture and has this vertical Web provided adjacent to its upper. end With oppositely directedffingers 14 which seat in notches formed inthe upper edge of the two opposite. sidewalls ofthe heaterbody. 1 The baffle member also has the free end ofv its horizontalweb. 13 providedwitha projection 16 `extending into the: check: draft aperture 10,

so that this end of thebaiie member is supported by Vthe lower wall of the aperture V10, so thatthis aperture wall co-operates with the bottoms of the finger-supporting notches in the heater body in affording the entire support for the baffle `member. Y

The Vvertical web 12 ofV he bale member desirably extends close to the frontand rear walls ofthe heater, while the horizontal web 13 Vis formed so as to restrict the passage of the smoke'and combustion gasesl from the combustion chamber 18V to the check draft chamber, for which latter purpose I am *showing the' horizontal web 13 sufficiently narrow to afford smoke passage spaces 15 between its front and rear ends and the heater bodygA In Figs. 4' and' Iam also showing thesesinoke passages 15 as supplemented by perforations 17 in the horizontal web 13, but these perforations maybe omitted if the lhorizontalweb is correspondingly narrowed to' increase the size of the smoke passages, or the horizontal web maybe widened to reach close'to the front and rear walls of the stove while the perforations 17 are vcorrespondingly increased in size to afford the entire connection between the combustion chamber 18 of theheater and `the check draftk chami lbei". IVith each vof'these obvious variations,

the projection 16 preferably correspondsin width tothe check draft aperture 10 into which it extends. j i f Y Tov control the drafts through the aper- Vtures 6V and 10 automatically, I-provide two pivoted' dampers 20 and 21, both connected to :a f thermostatic mechanism supportedby the ashpit section of the heater bod For theair supply control,'I cast a pair o spaced brackets 22 on the side Vof the ashpit body section 2, each :of which brackets has at its top anl upwardly open notch 23 disposed Vaboi-ethe air supply aperture; Then I provide an airfsupply damper20 Vhaving' two Y pintles 24 journaled respectively inthe outereiid of whi'clibracket a lever 31 is sus- I bracket notches'2`3, this damper being'shaped so that it Vcan entirely close the aperture G, and I also provide'this damper 20 with an arni25projecting rearwardly from its lower portion. .l

The check draft damper 21 has a web 26 projecting'rearwardly'from its lower end and has at the rear end of thisweb a pair'of pili-v tles 27 which are journaled in the legs of a U-shaped pivoting bracket 28 bolted to the back of the heater body adjacent tothe check draft aperture. This check draft damper also has a rearwardly projecting arm 29, and the bight of the U-shaped bracket 28 is formed so that it can engage the arm 29 to limit the outward swinging of the damper.

For thev thermostaticV mechanism, I am showing' a stationary bracketl 30 secured to the aslipit sectionof the heater, from the pended' `by a bolt32, andam 'showing ther# inally expansible wafers 33 interposed between the bracket 30 and the lever 31 so that the expansion of the wafers will swingthe inner end of the lever downwardly by rocking the lever about the lower'iiut end of the bolt 32.v This 'inner lever end isconnected by a link 34 with the arm 25 of the yair supply damper, and that arin is connected by a link 35 with.. .the arm ofA they check draft vI/Viththe two dampers supported, gravtyjwill continually tend tomove both dampers to Vtheir closed positions, whileV the upper damper nearrits inner edge-I can cause this to overbalance thefweights of the lever 31 and the lower damper; and by'suitably proportioning'theV lengths of the links 34 and 35, Icancause theupper damper to Y be in vits closed position and the lowerdamper in its open position when the ythermostatic wafers-are relativelyco'ld'.4 i y Forthefhover` of my brooder, I desirably employ. a knock-down"construction, comprising sectors 37 i which togetherform the upwardly' tapering -main portion of the hover and whichfare bolted at their upper ends to a downwardlylflaring peripheral flange 38 'Y of a hovery canopy. Thishover'canopy includes a top" 39 which'is perforated so that tlieluepipe collar'S andthe fuel lid 9 can project through it, thereby permitting a considerable portion ofthe generally horizontal A canopy top to seatV flatwiseon the top 7 of the heater-body, as' shown 'i111 Fig". 2. By

shaping the perforation 40 in the canopytop l so that the perforation closely ts the flue pipe collar 8 andthe fuel lid, I-cause this perforation to center tlieliover on the heater,

thuspermitting me to use a canopy top extending radially beyond the heater for a consider'able distance. 'When mybrooder is in use, hot air collects in this uppercanopyl portion; IVitli the check draftdamper '21 piv oted at its bottom, this damper opens Widest at its top, so lthat lair enters the heater through the check draft opening most easily from above the damper.` To facilitate this Figs. ljand 2. This raising of this portion i also affords added clearance fory the upper edge of the check draft damper, thereby'perlmitting meto employ a check vdraft chamber l of relatively small height; By using aradially projecting canopy top, I also permit air to circulate readily around the stove, so

that the opening of the check draft damper will withdraw the hottest (and hence least fresh) air, while the companion damper 2O controls the more fresh air for supply through the grate of the heater. Y

In practice, the entire canopy top can readily be formed o-f sheet metal, desirably with a cylindrical portion 4l between the flange 38 and the top portion, as the lateral wall of the hot air chamber of the canopy, so that I avoid the need of a heavy cast iron collar as heretofore employed with the hovers of coal fired broeders. Hence the entire hover may be quite light and easily lifted oifthe heater by a bail 42 for more convenient access to the ashpit. But the hover `need not be shifted in position for refueling the heater, or even for cleaning Vthe check draft chamber, since the mere lifting of the lid permits a replenishing of the fuel and also allows the baffle member to be removed for cleaning.

By simultaneously controlling the two dampers, I secure a sensitive regulation. To make this responsive to the average of the temperature adjacent to the chicks, I desir-V ably position kthe thermostatic wafers near the floor and at a considerable distance from the heater but under the hover. However, I do not wish to be limited in this respect, nor to other details of construction and arrangement above disclosed, since many changes might obviously be made without departing either from the spirit of my invention or from the appended claims. Y

I claim as my invention:

l. A brooder foi` use with solidfuel, comprising a heater having a lateral check draft opening near its top, and having an upper fuel feed opening and an upper iue collar; a lid for the feed opening; a hover having a top seated upon the top of the heater and having a perforation exposing the said hd and the flue collar, the perforation wall being formed for laterally engaging upper stove port-ions so as to center the hover on the heater; and a damper movable into and out of positions in which it closes the said opening, the damper being pivotally supported by the heater on an axis adjacent to the lower edge of the said opening and arranged for having the upper end of the damper swing away from the heater during the opening movement of the damper; the hover having a raised portion overhanging the damper and serving as a hot air chamber for accumulating the hottest air within the hover,

whereby the opening of the damper will admit air to the heater from the said hot air chamber.

2. A broeder for use with solid fuel, comprising a heater body .having a lower air supply aperture and a higher check draft aperture inthe same side of the heater; a l

lever with both dampers whereby downwardv movement of the lever moves thelirst named damper outwardly of the heater and moves the second damper towardsthe heater; means associated with the `first named damper for continually tending to move the latter toward the heater, the said means being such as to overbalance the weight of the lever and of the second damper; and a hover Vhaving its top resting upon and in close fitting relation to the top of the said heater, the hover extending freely above and outwardlyk beyond the first named damper and having its lower edge approximately at the height of thesecond damper. v

3. A coal-burning brooder'comprising a heater having its top provided with a fuel feed'opening and a flue opening, the heater having a check draft chamber underhanging the flue opening and having a lateral inlet to the chamber; a hover supported by the said top and surrounding the upper portion of the heater to afford a brooder chamber connected to the check draft chamber by the said inlet, the'top of the hover including a part thereof spaced Vupwardly from Vthe damper and the top of the heater so that the brooder chamber includes an upper bro-oder chamber portion above the top ofthe heater, and a damper under the hover for controlling the said inlet,the damper being movable from a side of the heater to an open position in which it ldiverges.upwardly from the said side so as to admit air to the check draft chamber Vfrom the said upper brooder chamber portion.

4. A coal-burning brooder comprising a heater having its top provided with a fuel feed opening and a flue opening, the heater having a check draft chamber underhan'ging theflue opening and having a lateral inlet to Ythe chamber; a hover supported by the said top and surrounding the upper portion ofthe heater to afford a brooder chamber connected to the check draft chamber by the said inlet, the top of the hover having a perforation exposing the fuel feed opening .and the flue opening, the said hover top resting upon the to-p of the heater but having a raised a closure position in which it bears against portion overhanging the said inlet and exthe top of the heater to permit the accumu- 'Y lation of hot. air Within thehover above the top olf the said inlet, and adamper-eontrolling thesaid inletaand opening upwardly for ,admitting hot air from above the inlet.

' Signed at, Macomlnllnois, October 12th, 1927; Y H a VvWILLIAM DOW HARVEY.

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