US1750941A - Coal breaker - Google Patents

Description

F. PARDEE COAL BREAKER March 18, 1930.

File 1y7. 1925 4 Sheets-Sugei March 18, 1930.

F. PARDEE Filed July '7, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 avwemtoz Haw/w 54/9055 March 18, 1930.

vwemtoz aws Fem/K 34/9055 7 Patented Mar. 18, 1930 UNITED STATES FRANK PARDEE, OF I-IAZIIE'ION, PENNSYLVANIA ooA'I. memes Ap lication filed July 7,

This invention relates to improvements in breakers adapted to out or split lumps of coal along lines of cleavage substantially at right angles to one another. An embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompw nying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation; V

Fig. 2 is a top plan;

Fi 3 is an enlarged detail View i1lustrat= ing 'eature's of construction of one of the breaker rolls;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section on line of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an elevation of a modified form of cutter blade; I

Fig. 6 is a detail of a modified form of cutter disc;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail cross-section illustrating means for securing a cutter blade to one of the breaker rolls;

Fi '8 is a fragmentary portion oi'a breakgr "roll illustrating a modified form of cutter lade;

Fig. '9 is a sectional detail on line 9=9 of Fig. 10 is a fragmentary detail illustrating an alternative arrangement for holding the cutter blades firmly in engagement" with the breaker roll;

Fig. 11 is a detail view showing a modl'fie d form of breaker roll.

Figs. 12 to 15 illustrate modifications, Fig. 13 being a section on line 13 43 of Fig; 12. Referring in detail to the drawings, 10 and 12 represent suitable side frames which sup port cross shats14 and 16 which carry the breaker rolls indicated asa Whole by numerals 1 8 and '20-. shafts 14 and .16 entry gears 22 and 24 which mesh Withone another, the latter being driven by a pinion '26 carried on the main drive shaft 28 sup-ported in suitable bearin s 30 and 32 semi-ea to the side irames 11c and The coal or other material to be broken is preferably fed froni a shaking chute 34 carried by suspensionlinks 36 sup ported from overhead by suitable supports '38! The chute is preferably of approximate 1y parabolic cross-sectionor may bese'micircular. The chute dischargesthe lumps to be broken (L) ontop of the cutter discs 40 1925. sees m. 41,907.

Which ar arranged alongside of one another at spaced intervals and provided with bevelled edges I I The o posite breaker roll 18 carries a mul tiplioity of elongated bar like blades 44 which extend longitudinally of the breaker roll. These blades are detachably secured to the body of the breaker r011 by novel means to be hereinafter described. The cutting edges of the disc like blades 40 carried by the 6 one roll are substantially at right angles to the cutting edges of the bar like blades car ried by the opposing roll. This arrangement is particularly adapted to split or cutthe coal along their natural planes of cleavage which are perpendicular or substantially erpen dic-ula-r to one another. There may e provided a great number of shaking chutes such as shown in Fig. 1 for depositing the lumps on the discs 40 throughout the length of the breaker roll it being understood that as the roll 20 rotates the lumps will be carried down to the space between the two rolls Where;- upon the cutting edges of the discs 40 and the barlike members 44 Will come into play thus cutting the lumps both horizontally and vertically.- The cutting edges of the blades 44 it will be noted are practically continuous from one end of the roll '18 to the other so that no matter Where the lump happens to fall it will be engaged at some point by the cutter blade cated in Fig; 6 Where the periphery of the cutter disc is scollo-ped. F ig. 5 illustrates an 8'0 alternative form of cutter blade 44* in which the edge 45 instead of a continuous straight one is of Wave like form.

The cutter blades of the breaker roll 1.8 are'preierably det'achably secured in place. 9.5 As best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the body of the roll l8'i's formed with a plurality of longitu-dinaliy extending seats '46 Within which the heel portions 48 of the blades are located.

At its ends each blade 44: is rovided with ice portion 66 of the shanks 50. -Thering 60 is" provided with a suitable hole 68- for engagement with a spanner wrench by means-of which the ring can be turned to firmly clamp or lock the blades 44 inplace. With the arrangement described it ,isj apparent that the single ringf60 secures all ofthe plates in po 'sition and because of the taperedor wedgelike constructiom the. plates' are firmly held in their seats. e 4

In F ig-7 Ihave illustrated'means for in dividually holding each blade 44 in its seat 48. In this arrangement, theseat is made wider as illustrated so as to accommodate an elongated Wedge member a 7 O which is adapted to be e tapped with" a. hammer so as to firmly press 7 the blade 44 against'the wall 72; For preventing dislodgem-ent of the wedge member 70, I provide locking screws 74 whose heads 76 overlap the wedge: member as shown, the breaker roll being counterbored as indicated at 78 to accommodatethe screw heads 76.

In Figs. Sand 9, I have illustrated'a further modified'construction wherein the roll 18 is formed with a number of flat seats 80 and radial shoulders 82. In' this arrangement the blades 44 are provided with angulanbase V 8 portions 84 which rest on the seats 80 and the rear edges of which abut the radial shoulders '82. At the ends these blades. 44' terminate in shanks 88(Fig. 9) and a holding ring 90 is seated on the shanks and servesto hold all of the blades in'place; The. blades overlap one another as shown in Fig. 9 and suitable bolts 92 are provided at intervals to lock the ring 90 totheroll18.. v p

' Fig. '10 illustrates a further detail construction of holding means adapted to secure the blades 44 to the roll 18. In this torrn wedge blocks 94 having converging faces 96 and 98 are provided for engagement with the ad j acent faces of the neighboring blades and cap screws 100 are threaded into suitable holes in the roll, the wedge blocks 94 being counter bored to receive the heads 102 of the cap screws. The cutter-blades 44 are formed" in most cases of elongated bar stock which "is bevelled ofi as indicated at 104 to formthe cutting'edge 106. 1 p As illustrated inFigQ 11, the contour of the r,oll, 18 insteadof being substantially cylindrical a's-indicated in the other figures may be extended downwardly as shownatlOSand to form a heel-like support romhe outer portion of the blades 44.

The breaker roll 20-is preferably formed of l a plurality of members such as indicatedat 112 in Fig. 2 arranged alongside one another. 8 These members are separated by'small spaces "114 which are formedwith annular grooves 116 to form annular shoulders 118 against which the inner edges 1 20 of the ring-like cutter discs 40 are seated. Throughbolt's 122 extend through aligned apertures 124 formed in the several members 126 served to firmly clamp the members 112 against the side faces ofthe cutter discs 40 which may be said to be seated'in grooves located between the members 112. At each end of the roll end members 132 and 134, the latter engaging the overhanging portion 54 of the ring 56 and the shank 132 being held by the ring 60 which engages the threads 58 of the roll 18. This construction is 7 similar to that described in connection with Fig. 4, the chief difierence being that the shanks which engage the holdingrings are on the wedges instead of on the blades.

Figs. 14 and 15 show a further modification in which the blades areheld in the roll .18 by wedges 134, the ends of, the blades and wedge, respectively,.being flush with the ends of the roll. The wedges are locked in position by a disc 136'which' is kerfedjseveral points,

138, to permit the flanges 140 to be hammered or bent over into. locking engagement with the end of the wedge as shown in F ig..14.

The breaker described can be inexpensively constructed and provides an improved type of breaker adapted .to cut thecoal along different lines of cleavage by the use of cooperat ing members havingpractically continuously extending cutting edges. The design is such that the cuttingv members can-be readily re-, moved for-replacement, sharpening or repair. This is a feature of importance in machinery ofthis kind where frequently foreign matter such 'as pieces of hard unbreakable rockor even chunks: oi -iron are inadvertently fed along with the coalwith resulting damage to the breaker. V v e 1 Though I have? described with great particularity the detailssofconstruction ofthe various embod-imentslof the invention illustrated, ;it is not to be'lconstrued that I am limited *thereto. as changes in arrangement and substitution of equivalents'may be made by those 5 skilled in the art without departing-from the invention as defined in the appended claims. -WhatIcl.aimis':1-*

" 1.; A coalbreaker'comprising a pair of co acting rolls, one roll consisting of a member having a multiplicity of longitudinally extending seats with bar like cutter-blades detachably secured therein, the other roll consisting of a multiplicity of members arranged alongside one another with individual disclike cutter rings clamped between them.

2. A coal breaker of the character described adapted to break lumps of coal along cleavage planes at right angles to one another, comprising a pair of opposed rolls, one roll having a multiplicity of detachable blades whose cutting edges extend lengthwise thereof, said blades being spaced apart peripherally, the other roll having a multiplicity of separate cutting members arranged alongside of one another with spaces between them, said cutter members having cutting edges at right angles to the blades carried by the first named roll.

3. A coal breaker of the character described comprising a pair of coacting rolls adapted to break lumps of coal along cleavage planes substantially at right angles to one another, one roll having a plurality of cutter blades extending longitudinally thereof and detachably secured thereto, the other roll carrying a multiplicity of cutter members arranged alongside of one another with spaces between them, said cutter members being disposed at right angles to the blades and the first named roll.

4. A coal breaker of the character described adapted to cut lumps of coal along cleavage planes substantially at right angles to one another with a minimum production of fines, comprising a pair of cutting rolls one of which carries a multiplicity of longitudinally extending cutter blades spaced peripherally apart from one another a distance greater than the thickness of the blade, the other roll consisting of a multiplicity of disc-like cutters arranged alongside of one another with spaces between them.

5. A coal breaker roll having a built-up body consisting of a plurality of ring-like body members each having a pair of oppositely extending shouldered portions, and disc-like cutter rings supported jointly by the shouldered portions of adjacent ring-like body members, and means for clamping the parts together.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

FRANK PARDEE.

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