US1741244A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

Dec.v 3 1, 1.92.9.

R. c. MASON PUMP ' Filed Deo. 5. 1927 m Y milf?, ill? L/z 115.1; mC E Ej :md m

HARN. o mm Patented D ec. 31, 1929 UNITED STATES RICHARD C. MASON, OF TULSA, OKLAHOMA PUMP Application filed December 5, 1927. Serial No. 237,747.

My invention relates to pumps and more particularly to pumps used for vthe pumping of oil wells, the principal object of the invention being to provide a pump whereby the 5 weight of the sucker rods is utilized for applying the necessary pressure to the pump .plunger on downstroke of the plunger for forcing the fluid upwardly throughV the well casing.

With the conventional type of pumps employed for pumping oil wells, the sucker rods which connect with the pump are actuated for their upstroke by a power applying means at the top of the well, while the weight of the 15 rods is sufliciently great to cause their return or downward stroke.

In such devices the fluid is lifted in the well 4 during the upstroke of the rods and consequently the portion of the rods at the upper 20 end of the well is required to withstand the strain imposed by the complete string of rods which depend therefrom plus the weight of the column offluid. A

lllhe pump which I have devised for accomplishing the object of my invention includes a standing barrel supported on a wellpacker, which seals the well into upper and lower portions, a tubular plunger reciprocably mount-- ed in the barrel, together with valves for controlling flow to and from the barrel.

When the pump is actuated by the ucker rods the plunger and valving elements o-operate to cause the fluid to be ejected into the upper well portion during the gravity stroke of the rods. Thus it is apparent that greater evenness of operation is accomplished with my device in that the sucker rods are relieved from the added weight of the column of fluidl on their upstroke and consequently less power is required for operating the pump. Furthermore the downstroke of the rods is cushioned by the column offluid in the pump cylinder which is displaced into the well casing as the rods recede by gravitation. v

In accomplishing the objects of my invention I have provided improved details ofv structure, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a fragmentary vertical section of the pump and the lower end of a well casing, illustrating the mounting of the pump on a well packer positioned adjacent the lower end of the casing, and showing the pump plunger at the lower limit of its stroke.

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the plunger and the pump valves as they appear at the beginning of the upward or intake stroke of the plunger.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the plunger and the pump valves as they appear at the beginning of the downward or discharge stroke of the plunger.

Referring in detail to the drawings:

l designates the lower end portion of a well casing. and 2 a shoe on which the casing is supported on cap rock in accordance with common practice. 3 designates a well packer of any suitable construction, located within and near the bottom of the casing for sealing the well into upper and lower portions 4 and 5, and including slips 6 preferably integral with the packer ring and engageable with the casing to support the packer and pump elements carried thereby.

A ring 7 is fixed to the upper end of the packer barrel 8, the opening 9 of the ring aligning with the opening 1() of the barrel and having an upper beveled seat 11 for the pump which will now be described.

The pump 12 comprises a working barrel 13, a hollow plunger 14 reciprocably mounted in the barrel, and a valve housing 15 having a collar 16 by which it is threadedly attached to the lower end of the barrel.

The housing 15 comprises a tubular member 17 of less diameter than the opening 1() in the packer barrel 8 to provide an annular space 21 about the housing and having a closed lower end 18 provided witha threaded opening 19 for receiving an adjustment screw 20 and having ports 22 in its side walls for de-` livery of fluid from said annular space to the chamber 23 of the valve housing. A valve stem guide 24, integral with the housing member 15 and positioned concentrically within the chamber 23, receives the valve stem 25 for guidance therein. y

Screw threadedly attached to the lower end of the valve stem 25 is a nut 26 having a recess 27 in its lower end and an aperture 28 which extends sidewardly from sald recess, the nut 26 aligning with the adjustment screw 20 and the recess 27 aligning with a like recess 29 in the upper end of the screw 20. lVhen the screw 20 is properly adjusted with relation to the nut 26 it is held in place by a lock nut 30 and serves as a stop for limiting down travel of the valve stem 25 and thus prevents injury to the valve 31 at the upper end of the stem or to the valve seat 32 in the upper end of the housing member 15 on which the valve 31 is adapted to seat.

On the down movement of the valve 31 fluid is trapped and compressed in the recesses 27 and 29 of the stop members 2O and 26 and escapes through the aperture 28, thus providing a cushioning stop for the valve.

A guide ring 34 fixed in the upper end of the barrel 13 is provided with spaced apertures 35 through which fluid may pass to and from the barrel during the pumping operation.

The plunger 14 has a head 37 on its upper end provided with a pin 38 for coupling the plunger to the sucker rods 39 by which the pump is actuated, the lower end of the barrel being closed by aspider vplate 40 and the body of the barrel being provided. at'

an intermediate point, with a stop collar 41 for the sliding piston presently described.

Slidably mounted on the plunger between the spider plate 40 and the collar 41 is a piston 42 including sleeve 43 having its lower end turned outwardly and upwardly to form an annular groove 44 in which the lower flange of the lowermost of a series of overlapping pump cups 45 is retained. A

A cap 46 threadedly engages the upper end of the sleeve 43 and a shoulder 47 on the cap overlaps the upper cup member to retain the cups in their assembled relation.

Inlet ports 49 at the lower end of the plunger are adapted to be opened or closed by the piston 42. Outlet ports 50 in the upper end of the plunger 36 provide connection between the plunger barrel and .caslng.

Assuming the pump to be constructed, assembled and positioned in a well in the manner described its operation is as follows In Fig. 1 fluid is shown as having risen in the well casing up to the valve 31. Should the fluid pressure be sullicient to open the valve 31 while the pump is inoperative and While the plunger 14 is at the lower limit of its downward stroke, as shown, the fluid will flow into the cylinder chamber 51 under the plunger cups 45 and passing` through ports 49, flow upwardly through the hollow plunger and escape through the outlet ports 50 into the upper portion 4 of the well above the packer 3. When the plunger is lifted, the pistons will be retained by friction with the pump barrel while the plunger moves to the upper end of the piston after a, suf-Y i ficient quantity of the fluid has been pumped into the casing to cause an appreciable back pressure to resist upward movement of the piston.

In Fig. 3 the barrel 14 is shown on its downward stroke at the moment of completing its idle or port opening movement, during which the ports 49 will have moved from the closed position, as shown in Fig.

2, to that shown in Fig. 3, and the collar 41 will have arrived in engagement with the upper end of the cup unit.

With the continuous reciprocation of the pump, the luid will be displaced into the upper well portion, and will fill the casing to the top of the well from which it may be conducted to storage tanks or pipe lines.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is In combination with well casing, a packer barrel in the casing, a valve housing in the V barrel having an upwardly facing seat and ports opening to the barrel, a plug at the bottom of the housing having an upwardly opening socket, a valve stem having a valve at its upper end cooperative with said seat and a downwardly opening socket at its lower end cooperative with the plug socket to form a cushion, a working barrel on the valve housing, a hollow plunger adapted for reciprocation in the working barrel having intake ports at its lower end and outlet` ports at its upper end, a spider on the lower end of the plunger, and a piston slidable on the plunger above the spider and adapted for covering said intake ports.

In testimony whereof I aflix In signature.

RICHARD C. ASON.

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