US1636169A - Liquid-fuel heating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

c. H. CHALMERS LIQUID FUEL HEATING APPARATUS July 19 1927.

Filed Aug. 4, 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 1 R o T M v m CH/YALES h. Cmums-na zrG QMQ F-JJM I Jul 19 192 y 7 c. H. CHALMERS LIQUID FUEL HEATING APPARATUS Filed Auz. 4, 1922 5 Sheets$heet 2 Wm M 3 o L .w t mm m w\ M, W z

c. H. CHALMERS LIQUID FUEL HEATING APPARATUS July 19 1927.

Filed Aug. 4, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 5 v i N .W J i n;

an? A Q f .1. MO n A 4 a W Patented 19, 1927. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

OHARLES H. CEALMEBS, OF MINNEAPOLIS, IINNESOTA.

LIQUID-FUEL HEATING APPARATUS.

Application fled August 4, 1922. Serial I0 579.871.

This invention relates to such liquid fuel heating apparatus generally but is more particularly adapted for use in. connection with furnaces such as are commonly empioyed in connection with steam or water ilers or air drums for heating homes and other buildings. The construction of this apparatus and the arrangement of its parts are such that it may readily be employed in conjunction with the usual coal-burning furnace, the necessary changes to convert such a furnace into a liquid fuel burning furnace being practically minimized. Likewise, anydesired re-conversion to coal fuel is easily and readily accomplished. Broadly, it may be noted that the liquid fuel burneris substantially a unitarystructure which may be introduced within the fire-box of any of the common type of coalburning furnaces. The liquid fuel is fed 'to the burner by a pump while air under pressure is supplied to the burner to atomize the fuel. Means are provided automatically to control the apparatus both in response to failure of ignition at the proper time and in response to thermal changes in the building to be heated.

The object therefore of the invention is to provide an improved liquid fuel heating ap aratus.

ther objects of the invention will more fully appear from the following description and the accompanying drawings and will be inted out in annexed claims,

Ih the accompanying drawings there has been disclosed a structure designed to carry out the objects of the invention, but it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the exact features shown, as various changes may be made within the scope of the claims which follow:

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan viewof the apparatus and indicating its operative relation to a furnace shown in horizontal section adjacent the fire-box and ash-pit;

Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the blower and the burner in operative position, the burner and furnace being shown in vertical section; I

Figure 3 is anenlargeddetailed vertical sectional view showing the mode of demountable attachment of one of the flaring side members of the burner and taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view on the line 44 of Figure 1 to show the oil pump mechanism;

Figure 5 is an enlarged view in'vertical section on the line 5-5 of Figure 1;

Figure 6 is an enlarged view in vertical section on the line 6-6 of Figure 1.

In the selected embodiment of the invention here shown the liquid fuel, such as one of the common distilled fuel oils, is sup lied to the burner nozzle under a relatively light pressure. The nozzle is preferably upwardly directed and air is jetted upwardly adjacent the nozzle to spray the oil upwardly toward a superposed target. The nozzle, air port, target and associated parts are all positioned within a fire-box and carried by a single leg supported upon the floor of the ash-pit. The blower, its motor,

adjacent the furnace. This air supply pipe 11 extends within the lower part of the furnace, the usual hinged door having first been removed and a modified form of demountable door having been substituted as hereinafter described. This pipe is positioned so that its end terminates in the firebox 16 short of the vertical axis of the furnace and is provided with a collar 17 su ported b a le 18 resting upon the bottom of the as -pit oor. An elbow 19 is secured to one end of the air pipe 11 and upwardly terminates so that its axis preferably coincides with the vertical axis of'the fire-box.

The fuel oil pipe 21 may advantageously extend within the ,air pipe 13. Its nozzle end has an elbow 22 upwardly terminating and carrying a short pipe section 23 which is held in spaced position b means of set screws 24 received in three. ed engagement through the air elbow 19. Three such set screws are preftrably employed. The nozzle 25 is fitted over the upper end of the pipe section 23 and rests upon the set screws. The inner annular end rtion of the nozzle is outwardly incline or flared to assist in the spread or raying of the liquid fuel centric nozzle. A'drip-pan 26, preferably 'minates.

by the air force upwardly past the conof cast metal, is supported by the elbow 19. This pan 26 has a central aperture having an annular flange of thickened metal within which the elbow 19 projects and ter- A peripheral upstanding flange 27 is also provided upon the casting forming the drip an. This flange functions to collect any 'quid which may escape from the nozzle without ignition. This pan hasan overflow aperture to receive'the upper open end of a p1pe section 28 joined to the elbow 29 which in turn is joined to the overflow pipe 31 ewhich is adapted to carry the unconsumed oil to an automatic control device adapted tocut off the supply to the nozzle as hereafter described.

A tar t 32 is positioned above the nozzle in the je-box of the furnace and is supported by the drip pan structure. Thetarget, preferably of refractory material is circular in form and provided on its under face with an annular flange presenting a depending lip 33 adapted to be seated upon a correspondingly curved recess'in the upper end of each of a plurality of posts 34 mounted at their lower ends upon the drip pan 26. Preferably three such posts of suitably refractory material are employed. The lower end of each post is provided with a terminally reduced portion 35 demountably receivable in"a socket 36 in the flanged portion of the dripipan casting as is indicated in Figure 2. cans outwardly p, and upwardly flaring beyond the drip-pan are advantageously provided in order to catch liquid oil which may spatter from the tart or be outwardly s rayed and not ignited. o

uch means is here s own as a plurality of wlngs 37 of sheet metal shapedinto the form shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3. A convenient mode of demountably attaching these wings is-indicated in the last named figure wherein there are shown a pair of metal clips 38 having flat portions secured to the outer face of the wing and presenting depending spaced portions 39 to receive therebetween the upper edge of the drip-pan flange 27. These clips are securedto the wing by the rivet 41 which also holds the angled strip presenting an upstanding finger-piece 42 whereby the wings may conveniently be positioned and removed.

convenient means of igniting the sprayed oil is provided by the gas pipe 43 connected through a common form of Bunsen mixlng valve 44 with the gas supply pipe 45 connected to any suitable source of gas such as the usual city mains. The end of the pipe 43 is, of course, open and terminates adjacent the bottom of the drip-pan ot light. The

pipe 43 may be held to the air pipe 11%;;

'means of the bolted clips 46.

The usualhinged door leading to the ashpit of the furnace is preferably removed and a "novel closure substituted. Such closure consists of a plate 4,7 of sheet metal backed by a sheet of thermall insulating material 48 such as asbestos. The plate 47 and its backing are of a dimension to abut against the walls of the furnace adjacent the ash-pit opening. A rear plate 49, also of sheet metal and of a dimension closely approximating Y the door opening is placed against the material 48 and this three part closure is joined into a unitary structure by the rivets 51. As is shown by the full and dotted lines in Figure 6, the closure is formed with an elongated'slot '52 opening from the lower edge of the closure; Thus, the closure may 'be dropped into position around the ipes after.

installation of the latter within t e furnace in operative position. A suitable means of holding the closure in reinforced closing position is provided b the spider shown in Figure Gwhich is 0 metal cast to rovide a U-shaped central portion 53'hav1ng integral radial arms 54, and a web 55. After the closure-is dropped into proper position, the spider is upwardly moved into the position shown so that the .U-shaped portion extends partly around the pi s, the arms abut against the outer plate an the web substantially closes the slot. The closure and spider are pressed toward the furnace wall and the set screw 56, carried by the s ider, is turned to engage the periphery of tiie air pipe and the parts are locked in working position and yet may be readily demounted, removed, and the usual furnace door again mounted upon its hinges.

As heretofore stated this novel apparatus is adapted for use with any of the present common types of heating'furnaces and, for purpose 'of explanation of this invention,

liighted to have the there has been shown only a portion 'of the I 'com'mon type of such furnace. The position of the usual furnace the dotted lines in igure 2. However, upon installing this apparatus, such grate is removed so that the usual fire-box and ashpit are made into one chamber:

A standard form of blower, having the housing 58, is shown as mounted upon the base 13. A convenient means of operation of the blower is shownas an ordinary type of electric motor 59 which is preferably directly connected to the blower and is mounted upon the same base 13 by means of a pedestal 61 and the cable 62, leading from the motor, is adapted to be connected to a ate 57 is shown iniao I pipe section 6'4, is connected to the coupling 12 of the air pipe, and to the blower housing. .This pipe section 64 is provided with a valve 65 of the gate type. As shown in the enlarged detail, Figure5, the usual gateplate 66 thereof is provided with an elongated aperture 67 to permit movement of the plate 66 about the oil-pipe 21. This valve may be adjustably set to permit the passage of the desired amount of air and may be held in such-adjusted position by means of a set screw 68.

The mechanism for supplying the fuel oil to the burner and its control may next be described. There is preferably employed an oil tank 71 which may be sunk in the ground below the floor level as is'suggested in Figure 4. This tank has a sleeve 72 at its upper open end and a man-hole cover 73 closes the opening. Preferably the cover 73 has 1km annular upstanding wall 74 a which is closed by a flanged plug 75 in turn provided with an apertured boss 70 through which extends the pi fixed position b; means of the set screws 77. The pipe 76 downwardlyextends. to a. point adjacent the lower end of the tank where it 1s connectedto the housing 78 containin a suitable pump of any of the well-known types. The lower portion of the'pump hous- 1ng'78 is provided with a supporting leg-79 to rest upon the base of the tank and is also provided with an oil intake 81 leading from a common form of screenedoil inlet 82.- The pump is adapted to force the oil upwardly from the tank through the upright pipe 76 to the T-eoupling 83 where the oil is dehvered through the pipe 84.

The pump is actuated. by the drive-shaft 85 vertically extending within the pipe 76 and beyond 'the T-coupling 83 and the coupled pipe section 86. Bearings for the drlve shaft may be provided ad'acent its lower. end in the pump housing. e upper end of.the -pipe section 86 is received in threaded engagement within the cored end of the bracket 87. This bracket supports the relatively small electric motor 88 which drives the shaft 85 through a coupling 80, v shaft .90 and a worm 89 fast on the worm shaft 90 and meshing with the worm gear '91 pinne'dto the drive-shaft 85. Bearings 92 are provided by the bracket for the upper end (portion of the drive-shaft and are lubricate from the grease-cup 93.

. The fuel oil is not pumped directly to the burner nozzle but is pumped to an elevated chamber where the oil supplied to the burner;

may be cut 03 automatically u n failure of ignition or upon failure of t e air sup- 76. ;The pipe 76 is held in sprayed against the targetbe 0nd the nozzle b .the surrounding air blast om the blower t rough the air pipe. The sprayed oil spatters down from the tar et and is caught by the drip-pan 126 and y the auxiliary shields which in turn direct the sprayed oil to the drip-pan. The end of the gas pipe 43 is bent into such position that its flame is directed downwardly against the drip-pan and spreads outwardly upon the upper surface thereof. As the drlp from the target collects in the bottom of the pan, it comes in contact with this gas flame or pilot light, and the oil is ignited first in the an. As the oil in the pan burns it ignites t e spray and in a short time the oil in the pan is all consumed and the space between thethree target-supporting posts or uprights becomes -a mass of flame which spreads around the edges of the target upwardly and outwardly. In practical operation after the i ition phenomena, the lower point of the ame is a proximately within one-half inch or so of t e nozzle.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure. by

Letters Patent is:

1. In a liquid fuel heating apparatus, the combination of a fuel-spraylng nozzle adapted upwardly to spray liquid fuel, a drip-pan surrounding said nozzle, a target adapted to be supported above said spray nozzle whereby the fuel may be s rayed upwardly thereagainst, a demountab e auxiliary dri -collecting means extendingupwardly an outwardly beyond the periphery of the drip-pan, and means demounta 1y to secure said auxlliary means to the drip-pan.

2. In a liquid fuel heating apparatus, the combination of a v fuel-spraying nozzle adapted upwardl' to spray liquid fuel, a drip-pan surroun ing said nozzle, a plurality of supports demountably carried in spaced relation by thedrip-pan and upwardly projecting therefrom, atarget supported on the upper end of said supports and extending over the nozzle, and auxlliary drip-collecting members demountably carried by the drippan between pairs of said supports.

3. In a liquid fuel burning mechanism, a vertical spraying nozzle, a refractory target, a drip-pan, detachable flares on said an said flares arranged to direct unigmted fuelinto said drip-pan.

In witness whereof,"I have hereunto set "by hand this second day of August 1922.

Ill

Images