US1625943A - Piston - Google Patents

Description

April 26, 1927. 1,625,943

T. A. HUTSELL PISTON Filed Dec. i 21. 1925 3 Tba/2703 A ?W M Chrome Patented Apr. 26, 1927.

UNITED STTES PATENT OFFICE.

THOMAS A. 'HUTSELL OF SPOKANE, WAS-IINGTON, ASSIGNOR TO `HUTSELL MOTOR i COMPANY, OF SPOKANE, WASHNGTON.

PISTON.

Application filed December 21, 1925.

My present invention relntes to improvements in pistons for use in internal conhustion engines. The prinary object ot the invention is to so construct the head ot' the pisten in such n'anner that the :fresh tnel charge and oit conbustion in the engine cylinder will he controlled wherehy econoinical and eiiicient operation ot the engine is assured, a maximum inixing and compression of the 'fuel charge in the oylinder secureh with e maximum deveopment ot power.

the Construction and arrangenent ot the head or upper portion otf the pisten in cording to my invention means are provided Whereby thefrcsh t'nel charge is int'oduced to the cylinier with a swirling` inotion or current and the current is niided and directed into the cylinder over the top of the pisten head tor the .innture of the tuel charge and 'for the purpose of assisting in the disehsrge of the pases ol conhnstion ironi the cylinder.

While niy invention npplicable for use with various 'forms ot' pistons tor internal comimstion engines, for purposes ot' 'illustration I have shown it einhodied in the tandem i'orin of pisten. Thes pistons ere used in a pair ol parallel eng ne cylinders having pump and working cylinders corresponding to the pmnp and working portions oi the tanden\ pis-tous. In the engine a tubulzupassage is used to connect the interiors ot adj ient working cylinders and one pnnp cylinder and pston are used to 'transfer a *fresh 'ncl ehsrge to an adjacent working` cylinde'.

The invention consists in certain novel 'features of Construction and combinations and arrangenents oi? paris involving the head of the working or power pisten as will hereinafter be more i'nlly pointed ont and claimed ln the accoinpanying drawings I have illustrated one complete example ot the physicel enbodiment ot' niy invention wherein the psrts ere combined and ar nnged in accordance with one form 'for the p'actioal application of the principl-es ot ny .invention.

l3`igure l is a View in elevation ot a tandem' SerialNo. 76,647.

ot the working or power piston involving ny invention.

Figure 3 is e transverse sections-l View of a portion of an internal conhnston engine showing` the working or power cylinders and a transfer passage therebetween, together with the pair of working pistons in top plan View. i

In carrying' out my invention according to the structure exenplified in the drswings, Figure 3, I ntilize a pair ot' working cylinders l and 2 located in psrallelisnn and connected by a. tubular transfer passage 3 by means of which a fresh 'uel charge Insy he trsnsferred 'troni one working cylinder to another working cylinder, said tubular connection being; located pretersbly near the lower ends of these cylinders.

The tandem pisten es seen in Figure l eoinprises a puinp pisten ot large area indicated as 4 and a smaller power or working pisten 5,iboth of 'which nay be hollow, and the working` piston has letersi ports 6 therein utilized in ti 'ans'terring gsses 'froni one engine to another.

The working or power pisten has a closed upper end or head 7 presenting a flet top surface for the pisten, and this head of the pisten is designed to co-operate With the transfer passage 3 for transterring gas 'ron one cylinder to the other through the passage 3 in Figure 3. On the top ot' the head and projecting there'froin is itashioned en arcnate baliie plate 8, the radius of which is less than the diameter of the pisten, or in other words the halile plate is inset from the periphery of the pisten.

This plate in its arcuate 'form extends around a portion of the pisten head and one portion of the plate is fashioned with a laterelly extending, &ngulur or horizontal fiange 9 which occupies the space between the inner :face ot the arcuate battle plote and the annular periphery of the piston i. e. the onter edge of the fiange is of the seine diameter as the piston. This flange has its top 'face flush with the top edge ot' the battle plate and at one end the fiange terminates in an sbrupt shoulder the sane width as the fiange and integrally connectng the fiange with the head 7.

Beneath the flange 9 is provided an arouate groove opening et the periphery of the pisten and the base or lower face of this horizontally extending groove me'ges into e spirally arranged fiat face 12 extending around the exte'or of the bafile plate, rising to its top free edge and terninating in an obliquely extending edge, on a line With the ohliquely extendng edge of the shoulder 10 at the opposte end of the baffier plate.

The pistons in Fgure 3 are arranged in conplenentary pai's With the specially forned heads in opposition and arranged to cooperate at the ends of the transfer pas sage 3.

As seen in Fgure 3 the fuel charge is heing,` transferred froni cylinder 1 to eylinder 2 as indcated by the ar'ows. When the fnel ;gas strikes the hafile wall 8 and the inner Wall of the areuate groove the shoulder 10 forms an abutnent against passage of the gas directly across the head of the pisten, and the gas Currents are direeted and guded in the groove to start an initial swirling movement around and in contact with the inner face of the eylinder wall 9, as the gases pass froni under the flenge 9.

The upwardly nelned 01 spiral face 12 canses an Upward movement of the sW'l'ng currents over the top of the baffle wall. This sw'ling movement of the gases, in addition to performing the function as a seavenger to force out spent gases, also insures a nixtnre of the fresh charge as it is being compressed by the up-stroke of the working pisten. When the charge is fired in the cylinder a: broad and expensive fiane is forced over the baflle Wall 8 to insure ignition over the entire area of the pisten head and a conseqnent powerful stroke of the piston. At the inner eurved side l l of the bafile plate or wall, the exhaust gases are deflected downwardly by the incoming fresh charge of gas which forms an envelope ever the outgong exhanst gases to conine them and assist in their discharge.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I clan as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is-- l. A pisten having a closed head and fashioned With an inset areuate halile plate, and an annular flange on part of said plate to and extending to the edge of the pisten to form an arcnate exterior groove in the side of the pisten head.

2. A pisten having a closed head and fashioned With an ins-et :n-nate battle plate, an angular flange on part of said plate forning a lateral groove and a spral face on said head exterior of the plate n'erging With the lower 'face of said groove.

A pisten having a closed head and fashioned With an inset hafiie plate of arcnate form, an annnlar fiange on part of said plate formng an exterior lateral groove and an abutnent shoulder closinp one end ol' said groovm said shoulder and fiange extending to the periphery of the said pis-ton, and a spiral face on said head exteroof the uncovered portion of the plate for guiding swirling Currents of gas.`

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

THOMAS A. HUTSELL.

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