US1620967A - Electric-circuit making and breaking relay - Google Patents

Description

R.HA5E- ELECTRIC CIRCUIT MAKENG AND BEEAKINC RELAY iled July 5,

lwwz zr 4 lllillll-ZL Mar. 15, 192?,

outrun srarss rarer orric L INANZIELE IMAATSCHAPIPIJ DEIEBERGEN, 0E AMSTERDAM, NETEERLAEES.

\ ELECTBIG-GIRCUIT MAKING AND BREAKING RELAY.

Application filed July 5, 19:21, Serial No.

This invention relates to a device for automatically making and breaking an electric circuit with the commencement and ceasing of speaking currents and similar electric oscillations.

The alitoniaticanaking and breaking of an electric circuit by means of speaking currents is a problem with which the technologist is not seldom confronted. It has however not yet been possible satisfactorily to overcome the special difficulties which arise. The cause of these difliculties is as follows-Every speaking current is co1nposed of a basic current and its variations, which latter correspond to the speaking sounds and are superimposed on the basic current. The speaking currents are always produced only by a microphone, the inner resistance of which is well known to vary within wide limits. The consequence of this is that the basic current also experiences relatively large variations. Now it has not hitherto been possible to utilize this greatly varying basic current in order to operate a relay in a reliable manner, that is to say, in such a manner as to enable it, independently of the particular strength of the basic current, to close the secondary circuit at the commencement of speaking currents, or to be more accurate, at the commencement of the variations in the basic current which correspond to the speaking currents, and to break the circuit again when these variations cease.

According to this invention, this difliculty is overcome by mea-nsot a special shape of the armature and contact of the relay. The armature rests, with a resilient tongue on a rigid abutment, so that any variations of the basic current, which are independent of the speaking currents, will only produce a greater or less degree of bending of the armature. A freely oscillating hammer rests loosely on the armature, and the circult to be influenced passes over the armature and the hammer. The latter oscillates in an upward and downward direction according to the variations which correspoui'l to the speaking sounds, and in this manner, it causes the making and breaking of the circuit to be influenced.

The invention is carried out as follows,

482,629, and in Germany August at, 1920.

and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 shows one method constru the new relay, and

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of the connections for utiliziz the new relay for the purpose of automati ally making and breaking "he circuit of a motor means of speal currents.

'The relay comprises a. permanent magnet 11, bent approximately to U sha e, to the pole ends of which E, a plate C 0t nonmagnetic material is secured. oils B, through which the electric oscillations flow, are disposed on the pole shoes. The arniature E, which is insulated with reference to'the plate C, is rotatably mounted at one end, for example, on the bearing F, and it comprises a resilient tongue G, by means of which it rests on an adjustable rigid support H. A contact J is provided on the upper side of the armature E. An arm K is also disposed on the plate 0 and insulated i.

therefrom, and the said arm it: carries by means of a bearing L, a pi'votally mount ed hammer M, which rests loosely on the contact J of the armature. The electric circuit which is to be influenced, is led over the armature E, contact J, hammer M and arm K.

i It now the strength of the basic current passing through the coils D, which strength is independent of the speaking currents, varies, then the armature E will be attracted to agreater or less degree, and the resilient tongue G will bend acco dingly. The hammer M however, follows these movements throughout, so that there is no breakingof the circuit to be influenced. Such a circuit breaking only takes place when the armature E commences to oscillate as a result of changes, corresponding to the speaking sounds, in the current passing through the coils D.

In order to enable the sensitiveness of the relay to be varied in a simple manner, it is rotatably mounted on a pivot N on the stand C, so that its position can be varied with reference to the horizontal.

One example of the connections of tlle'new relay, and of its coupling with the other necessary appliances is illustrated in Fig. 2.

ing sounds.

in this case it is assumed that the problem is to cause the motor of a parlograph, dictaphone, tclephonograph, or like instrument, to be run only for such time during which it is desired to take an impression on the roller in consequence of the presence of speaking currents. The speaking currents arriving for example by the lines 1, 2, from an exchange not shown, pass through the telephonograph or'like device 3, and the primary coil 4 of a transformer, the sec ondary coil 5 of which, is connected in the usual manner with a boosting lamp 6. The strengthened speaking current-s pass through the winding 7 ot a recording machine, the rod 8 of which records the conversation on the roller 9, and through the winding 10 ot' a so-called microphonic booster. The armature 11 of the latter acts on the filling of a microphone. The armature '11 and block 12 of the microphone are connected through a source of current 13, with the winding D of the above described new relay. The armature E and hammer M in this case guide the circuit for the driving motor 14 of the telephonograph or like instrument, not directly, but with interposition of a highly sensitive, preferably polarized, relay 15 and a time relay 16.

The operation of the device according to Fig. 2 is as follows In the first place the speaking currents are strengthened by the lamp 6, and on the one hand they operate the recording device 7, 8, and on the other the microphone relay 11, 12. The latter still further strengthens the changes which correspond to the speak- At the same time however, considerable variations of the basic current take place in the secondary circuit of the microphone relay. As already explained, the relay D, E, M only transfers such changes as correspond to speaking sounds to its sec.- ondary circuit, the highly sensitive relay 15 reacts to these, and in a short time it closes and opens the circuit of the time relay 16. The latter is so constructed in any known or special manner, that when its armature has once been attracted, it holds the latter in operative position for a certain time, so that the motor 14: is not immediately deprived of its current after every small im pulse of the speaking current. This only occurs with a longer speaking pause.

Although, in the arrangement described above with reference to Fig. 2, on the one hand a boosting lamp, and a microphone rclay are connected in front of the new relay, and on the other hand. the operation of the driving motor 14 is effected by means of the two relays 15, 16, the invention is not limited to the necessity for the presence of all these devices and relays. They are provided for the better andmore reliable working,

' although in fact they are quite outside the scope or spirit of the prcsent'invention. Furthermore, it is by no means necessary, that the circuit operated by the new relay should always contain a motor. Signalling circuits for example, can also, be operated in a similar manner.

I claim:

1. A device for automatically making and breaking an electric circuit with the comniencement and ceasing of speaking currents, and similar electric oscillations, comprising an clectro-magnet, a permanent magnet polarizing said electro-magnet, an armature for said electro-magnet consisting of an iron member rotatably mounted at one endand having a resilient tongue, permanently resting on a fixed abutment at its other end, a pivoted hammer loosely resting on the armature and free to be swun away therefrom under the influence of spea ng currents, and

to return to its normal position under the influence of its own weight, an electric contact between the hammer and the armature adapted to close the circuit to be influenced by contact between said hammer and said armature and to break said circuit on said hammer being raised from said armature.

2. A device as claimed in claim 1 including i which the whole device is so that the sensitiveness a fixed support on pivotally mounted of the contact adjustment between the hammer and the armature maybe varied.

3. A device for automatically making and breaking an electric circuit with the commencement and ceasing of speaking currents and similar oscillations, comprising an electro-magnet member. a plate carried by the poles of said member, a bearing on said plate insulated therefrom, a relay armature freely mounted on said bearing, a rigid abutment adjustably-mounted on said plate, a resilient member carried by said armature and resting on said abutment, and a pivoted and weighted member adapted to rest loosely on and in electrical contact with the armature, the whole being so constructed and arranged that the electrical contact between said -pivoted member and said armature is adapted to be broken by the interruption of speaking currents, without being affected by variations in the current normally passing through said electro-magnetic member.

4. The device as claimed in claim 1, in which a microphone relay is connected in the circuit in front of the relay.

5. A device for automatically breaking an electric circuit with the commencement and ceasing ol speaking currents, and similar electric oscillations, comprising an clcctro-magnet, a permanent magnet polarizing said electro-magnet, an armature for said electro-magnct consisting of an iron member rotatably mounted titone end and having a resilient tongue, permanently resting 'on a fixed abutment at its other end,

making and rents. and to return to its nerrnai position under the influenve of itsiiewn weight, an

electric eoni'ziet between the hammer and the armature adapted to close the circuit to be influenced by contact between said hammer and said armature and to break said circuir on said hammer being raised from said. annmtmte, said device having a highly sensitive relay, and a, time i'eiayconnecfed in the circuit with the said relay.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

RUDOLF HASE.

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