US1618185A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

J. J. GLEASON Feb.

OIL BURNER Filed- May 16. 1925- 2 Shets-Sheet' IN VEN T OR. James :j/emmm.

ATTORNEY v Patented Feb. 22, 13927.

'uN n J'. GLEASON, O'E STAMFORD, CONNECTICUT.

QIL BUB EB Application filed ay 164925. 'Serial Ne. 30,691@

'for employing in connection with the burni er any additional power devce or contrivance whatsgever of so ne class heretofore ordinarily ut lized to produceeificient coni-- bustion of ordinary commercial grades of efuel 0 11, the present bnrnerbeng, n fact,

aself-contained unit of Construction adapted to care 'for clean and complete combustionof uel oil.

A further specific object is torprovde an oil'bnrner which can be automatically inanpnlated by' means of a single -valve, which Valve will, ordinarily be in the oil'ntake pipe of the burner.

A further specific object is to provide an oil burner 'having means `tor superheatng arbefore mixng it with oil to be burned,

in orderthat said air can closely approxiy mate the flash point of the cilat the time of mixing. y

A further specific object is to provide an oil burner having an arrangement for the` aspration of steam to thec ombuston chamber of the burner, whereby the efiic ency vor" the bur-ner s greatly ncreased.

And' a still" further specfic object is to provdean ol burner ha'vng a hot air oven 'or nanifoldadapted to receive primary air to be heated to about the flash point of conr mereial fueloih' a flash pan inproxiniity to saidoven 'or manifold and a daptedto serve w represents a. 'nrnace, B ;the oilburner ofthe v rnventon appled to use n the furnace,

as a dome for uel'oil to be burned, a combustion chamber where the burning' of the fuel oil is accomplshed, a water dispenser, an arrangenent for admittingsecondary air to said combustion chainber, anda controlledoil :intake leading to said' deme or flash pan, the hot air ovenor mani old being ..of relatively great Capacity to 'insure that more hot air than suicienttoafiord complete combnstio'n will' be continnously asprated :to the conbustion chanber;` the heat of combustion beingaadapted to keep thehot afir 'oven or manifold heated to high the broad object of i the inyention and the'scope of V inFgQ; V I e Fgs's afragnentary plan iew better temperature, the heat of combuston also bengadapted to heat water n the ,dspenser n order that s't ean is contnuoisly present in the oil bu'rner, the steambe'ing adapted to be so Situated as totravel to the conibiistion chamber or to'be carried thereto said e secondary air, and' the amount of fuel allowedto bejed? to said dneor `flash pan being adapted to controlthe working tem perature of the oil bnrn'er. i

With the above objects in View; as well as others which will appearas thespecifica- 'tion proceeds, the nvention conjprises'the Construction, arrangenent andflconbination ot' par'ts as nowto'he fullydescrbecl ,and as here'nafter to be specficallyclainiedyfit being understood that the disclo's ure herein is merely illustrative andmeant' in neway in a lirnting sense, changes in d etails of mn structon and arrangementjof 'pms ?being per'nissible so -long as within the spirit 'of I the appended clams, v ii i .In the 'accompanyingdrawngs forming a partgof this s'pecficaton; 1

IFg. I isa fragmentary ele'vatonal View disclosing an oilburner having` the principles of the nventon ,appled-rto use; V

F'g. 2' is a vertical'section'al 'View ofthe oil burner the line upon which" the section 's takenbengmore 'or Iessdstorted to better'bring out the Construction Fig. 3 isa pa'n viewwithl the oven'or hot air manfold removed;

Fig' isa sectionalyiew aslcn line l l dsclos'ng the relaton o f' the conponent part s. of the burner and i Fg. 6 s a sectional View aso'ni' line (3 6 1n]3`g.'.3. I 'i W'Vth respect to Fig. l 'of-the drawing, A

an oil over-flow pipe leading frontheburner, .E. inechanism of `comnerce (forming v ne i part of' the invention) 'for automatically shutting ,ofi the oil ,snpply to the burner when" .there has been; a predetermined amount ofoil to pass throughthe over fiow pipegF `is a waterpipe leading to the burnj er, and G is ;hechanismfioff commerce' used for keeping the water ;n thehurner `etja constant? preleter nined levelf The oil burner can, of course, be applied'to a va riety of uses other than the use suggested in Fig. 1.

Of the improved oil burner, denotes a base or frame, which may be a casting, including a hollow cylindrical section 11, Vertical as disclosed, and a horizontally disposed top section 12. The top section 12 has a central, preferably cylindrical air duet 13, and adjacent said air duct said top section is dished to provide an annular cavity 141 encircling said air duct and adapted to receive, in a manner to be explained, oil which may enter the burnerwhen not lighted.

The top section 12 has upstanding vanes which are desirably of spiral tormation and are spaced at equal distances apart about said top section, all of said Vanes extending outwardly from locations adjacent the air duet of the top section and preferably terminating at or adjacent to the margin thereof. As disclosed, alternate vanes ,15- are solid, and alternate vanes 16 are hollow, numer-al 17 representing vertical air passages or ducts through said vanes 16 and through the top section, which air passages or ducts, naturally, lead from the space, denoted 18, within the hollow cylindrical section 12.

'The section 11 of the base or frame may rest upon a grate 19, and may be surrounded by suitable material 20, which may be some refractory material, envelopng the lower portion of said section 11. The hollow or cylindrical section 11 constitutes a manifold for atmospheric air drawn into the oil burner in a manner which will become obvious. Numeral 21 denotesa water pan or dispenser bolteclas at 22 to the underside of the top section 12 of the base or iframe and provided with a water inlet 23 at the inner end of the water pipe F. The water pan or 'dispenser has a central cylindrical duet 2 1 which is, as shown, in vertical alignment with the air duct'13 of 'the top section 12, and the upper end of this air duet 24 terminates at a location spaced a slight distance 'rom the dished portion of' the top section, wnereby there can be 'communication through a space 25 between the water pan or dispenser and said air duct13.

i Numeral 26 indicates spaced apart evaporator radiators, which may be integral with the casting comprising` the base or iframe 10, extending downwardly from the top section 12 of said base or iframe and entering the water pan' or dispenser. As disclosed, the ,water pan or dispenser has compartments 27 eachconforming generally to the shape of 'the evaporator radiators, there being a radiator for each compartment. The arrangement here is such that the radiators can come into intimate' contact with water in the dispenser when immersed to the 'level desired. The 'mechanism G of commerce keeps the water in the dispenser at a constant level, and, consequently, the radiators 'are always immersed in the water to a constant depth, which depth may be that most suitable to obtain the water vaporizing re- 70" sult desired, as will be understood.

Numeral 28 represents a hot air oven or manifold which is Situated upon the vanes' 15 and 16 of the oil burner (see Fig. 2). This manifold 28 has openings 29 which allow communication between the air ducts or passages 17 of the vanes 16 and the interior of the hot air oven or manii'old, and said manifold 28 also has a central cylindrical downwardly disposed air duet 30 which is above and desirabl in alignment with the air duct 13 01 the top section 12. The locations, denoted 31, where the vanes 16 engage the hot air oven or manifold will be properly reinforced to provide suitable con- S' nections insuring against leaks.

Numeral 32 denotes a dome or flash pan, preferably circular and crowned (about the Construction disclosed), which is Situated between the air ducts 13 and 30, spaced a 'deeo sired and predetermined distance from each A duet. As shown, this deme or flash pan rests upon three steps 33 of certain of the Vanes 15, although it could be supported in some' other suitable manner. 34 represents the inner end portion of the oilintake pipe C, which inner 'end portion extends through the ducts 13 and 24: of the top section 12 and the Water dispenser, respectively, and is threaded into the center of the dome .or flash mo pan in such manner that' oil 'from the intake pipe can be fed to the upper surface of said dome or flash pan, as will be clear from Fig. 2. 35 is the inner end ofthe overfiow pipe D which communicates with the cavity 1 1 to remove therefrom oil which may enter the burner when not lighted. 2,6 is a valve of'any suitable con'structionlo- 'cated in the oil intake pipe C and adapted i or flash pan 32 is Situated, and the vanes 15, 16 divide the portion of said combus tion chamber surrounding said dome' or flash pan-into a` plurality of separate compartments, which are, in fact, spiral passages leading from the location of the dome i 'or fiaslrpan approirimately to the margin of the oil burner, and there opening to the atmosphere. It will be evident' that a greater 'orless number ofvanes 15, 16, and

constructed in a manner `different from that illustrated, could be' utilized. The'manner in which the oil burner functions in use is as follows': The valve 36 is moved to open position when'fuel oil isto oilat the deme or flash pan. As' the 'oil burns, primary air passing upwardly in the 'direction Ofthe r ws X, through the space '18 of 'the atmospherioair-manifold or `'sec- V tion 11, and through the heated air .ducts or passages 17 of the hollo-w vanes 16 to the oven or manifold 28, feeds the flames via the air duct 30, and secondary air passing upwardly, in the direction of the arrows Y, through the space 18 and'through the air clucts 24: and 13, feeds said flame via space 38 between the air duct 13 and the deme or flash pan 32. Almost immediately the oven or manifold 28 becomes heated` to a high temperature, and saidioven is desirably ofrelatively great capacity. t-o insure that it will continuously contain more than suflicient superheated air to a'ord complete combustion of oil fed to the combustion chamber. Preferably, the temperature of airat the interior of the hot air oven or manifold 28 approximates the flash point of the grade of fuel oil being burned. The actual or working temperature of said hot air oven or manifold will vary according to the amount of oil allowed to be fed past the valve 36 to the dome o-r flash pan to be burned, as will be evident. The spiral passages provided by the vanes 15 and 16 and leading from the dome or flash pan will receive the burning gases from' the space of the combustion chamber in pro ximity to the dome or flash pan, and in these passages the combustion of the oil will be completed. The rapid passage of the completely burned gases out of said spiral passages of the com-' bustion chamber will cause air to be rapdly p aspirated to the space in proxinity to the dome or flash pan and within 'the central part of the combustion chamber. The

'major portion of this air (primaryair) will be drawn in through the hot passages 17 and fed to the flame from the hot air oven' or manifold, but some air (secondary air) Will enter via the air ducts 24 and 13 and,

the space 38. i

The evaporator radiators'26 are, as disclosed, in close proximity to the lower wall of the combustion chamber 37, and are preferably not far distant from the vanes 15 and 16, so that heat is absorbed by the radiators and imparted to water in the pan or dis-,

and, itself intimately niXing with the burn ing gases in the combustionchamber, causes 'the steam and burning gasesto be thorloughly j mixed, thus greatly increasin'g :the "efciency of theoilburnei Oil which may pass into, the .bu-rner not lightedwill run from the deme 'or flash 'pan' tothe annular vcavity l iandathence out 'of 'the burner-through the over-.flowpipeD ,leading tothe mechanism E.

What Iclaimis: y 1. In an oil burner, an atmospheric-airmanifold including a hollow, vertical portion and a horizontal portion, there being a duct in said horizontal portion, a water dispenser in communication with said atmospheric-air-manifold, a hot air manifold above said atmospheric-air-manifold, vanes extending between' said manifolds and p-roi vidng, together with both manifolds, a comv bustion chamber, there being air passages through certain of said vanes and afiordng communcaton between said hot air manifold and said atmospheric-air-nianifold, and sad hot air manifold having a' downwardly disposed duct affording communication between said combustion chamber and hot air manifold, a flash pan in said combustion chamber adj acent said hot-air-manifold-duct for receiving oil to be burned, and means 'whereby the feedof oil to said combustion chamber can be controlled.

2.' The combination as specified in claim 1, and the water dispenser being within said atmospheric air manifold and having 'a duet, there being a space between said water dispenser and said duct in said horizontal portion, and evaporator radiators in proximity to saidcombustion chanber and adapted to enter water in said dispenserthere being a space between said flash pan and the duet in 'said horizontal portion whereby air carried to said combustion chambervia said water dspenser duct and said horizontal portion duct will carry steam to said chanber;

3. The combinationas specified in claim 1, the water dispenser being-within said atmospheric-air-manifo-ld 'and including evap orator radiat'ors integral with said horizontal portion. I

1. The combnation as specified in claim 1, wherein the combustion chamber has a cen-- tral portion inwhich the flash pan is arranged and the vanes provide spral passages leading fronsaid central portion to the at- 'mosphere 5. In an oil burner, an atmospheric-airmanifold including a hollow, Vertical portion and a horizontal portion, there being a duet in said horizontal portion, a hot air manifold above 'said -atmospheric-air-manifold, vanes extending between said manifolds and providing, together with both manifolds, a combustion chamber, there being air passages through certain of. said vanes and afiording communication between said hot air manifold and saidatmosphericair-manifold, and said hot air manifold having a downwardly dsposed duet afi'ording communcaton between' sad combuston chamber and -hot air inanifld, a" flash pan* n szud combuston chanher' achacent sad hot-ar-manfold duet for recevng o1l`to` be burned, the combuston chamber having a central porton 111 Whch the flash pan is arranged and the vanes provlde sprnl passages leading from said central portion to the atmosphere, andmeans hereby the feed 10 of oil to said combustion 'chamber can'be controlled.

- Signed at Stamford, in the County, of Farfield, and State of Connectcut, this 11th day of May, A. D. 1925.

JAMES J. GLEASON.

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