US1601370A - Vacuum pump - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 28 1926. 1,601,370

H. C. ODEN VACUUM PUMP Filed NOV. 2. 1923 5 SheetsSheet 1 Sept. 28 1926. 1,601,370

' H. c. ODEN VACUUM PUMP Filed Nov. 2. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 28 1926. 1,601,370

H. c. ODEN VACUUM PUMP Filed Nov. 2. 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 III II II IN WINTOR Patented Sept. 28, 1926.

UNITED s'rATEs 1,501,370 PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY CLYDE ODEN, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO PINE TREE MILKING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 01 ILLINOIS.

VACUUM PUMP.

Application flle'd November 2, 1928. Serial No. 672,810.

This invention relates to certain improvements in vacuum pumps.

The main object of the invention is to increase the efliciency of'a structure of this character, and thereby reduce the cost of operation in the production of a predetermined amount of vacuum, and a main feature resides in the mechanical operation of the valves in such a manner and s0 timed as to permit the expulsion of all of the air from the cylinders of the structure before the vacuum-producing strokes of the respective pistons begin, thereby rendering the vacuum strokes of maximum efficiency.

A more specific object is the production of a. pump of this character that can be operated at high speed, .and with little expenditure of energy when in operation.

Other objects and advantages relate to the details of construction of the apparatus and parts thereof, all as will more fully appear from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a top plan View of the pump.

Figure 2 is a section on line 22, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3, Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a section on line 4-4, Fig ure 1.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5, Figure 2. Figure 6 is a section on line 66, Figure 4.

Figure 7 is a partial section similar to Figure 2 illustrating the valves and their operating structure in a somewhat different position.

Figure 8 is a section similar to Figure 2 of a slightly modified form of structure.

Figure 9 is a horizontal section thru Figure 8.

The apparatus, as shown, comprises a pedestal 1- carrying a pair of oppositelyextending axially aligned cylinders and 3, which may be cast integral with the pedestal, and having cylinder heads -1- and 5 respectively secured in position in any suitable manner to close the ends of the cylinders. These cylinders are spaced apart a distance to permit the inter mediate positioning of the operating apparatus for the pistons 6 and 7 an the valves -8 and -9-. The pistons the opposite walls of the slot, and preferably these walls are constituted of hardened bars -11 and 12 as shown of substantially sen l-cylindrlcal form, and secured in semicyhndrical recesses in the opposite ends of the vertical slot in the piston to constitute hardened wearing surfaces for frictional contact with the surface of the cam.

The operating shaft 13 extends transversely through the housing of the cylinders 2 and 3 at substantially the central port on of the structure, and is journaled in opposite conical end Walls 14 and .15 connected with the pedestal 1 and the cylinders 2- and 3- to form a rigid structure open at its top, and adapted to be substantially closed by a cap or cover -16 extending throughout substantially the length of the cylinders -2 and -3 and spaced vertically from the cylinders, but connected to them to form a substantially closed structure having an air outlet -17 at the upper end of the oil separator 18 which includes baffles 19- and 20.

It will be obvious that upon rotation of shaft 13- the cam l0 will move the pistons -6 and -+7 alternately in opposite directions to produce successive vacuum and pressure in the cylinders 2- and 3, and for the purpose of freely discharging the air from the cylinders -.l and 3 upon the compression stroke of the respective pistons ports 21- and -22 respectively are formed at the ends of the cylinders, and which communicate with the chamber within the hood or cover -16- and for the purpose of controlling these ports, valves 8- and --9 respectively are provided, and are connected by an operatingbar 25- which has openings or seats in its opposite ends for the reception of the respective valve structures -8- and 9- and preferably, as shown, valve structures are of cup-shaped form and of somewhat rectangular shape, and formed with outwardly projecting edge flanges, which (1 edge flanges constitute the valves for 'controlling the ports, as hereinafter described.

boss 28' and secure operating member '25-- as best illustrated in Figure 5 so that rocking movement of the yoke 27 will move the valve-operate ing-member in 0 posite directions to actuate the valves an properly position them for the. operation hereinafter describetn the piston 7 starts upon its compression movement, the. valve 9 is just moving inwardly to the point where it opens the port 2 2.- shutting ofi communication between cylinder -3 and port 34- and discharging air from the cylinder 3 through hood or cap '--16 and the separator' 18 to the atmosphere. that is entrained with. the air is collected by the baflles 19-- and 20 and drops back into the apparatus.

The arrangement of the cams -10- and 26- isrespectively like that shown in Figures 2 and 6. When the cam -10- is" 7 The valve-operating member 25 is free in the position shown in Figure 2 where the to slide upon the upper surface of the cylinders -2 and .3--, which surface is formed with a groove for receiving said member so asto guide it in its sliding movement.

The upper outer surface of the cylinders 2- and -3 are each provided adjacent the ports 21-' and 22-- with laterally extending channels or grooves that constitute ports which are at all times in communication with the respective pipes 31-- and 32 which are connected to the space or device to be evacuated, as for instance, to the teat cups of a milking machine through the usual pulsating mechanisms The operation of the valves 8 and -9 in connection with the other elements of the structure constitutes an essential. portion of this invention in that while both the piston and the valve mechanism are actuated from shaft 13-, yet they are actuated oi separate cams or other mechanism by means of which the valves travel somewhat behind the pistons, whereby the pistons are enabled to entirely force the air from the cylinders --2-, and -3 upon their pressure-pro- I ducing strokes so that when they start upon their vacuum-producing stroke they immediately begin to produce vacuum. dis tinguished from merely permitting the expansion of a residue of air that has been compressed in the ends of the cylinders.

As shown in Figure 2, the piston -6- has just reached the end of its pressure stroke, and the valve 8 is just arriving at the point where it completely closes the port 21 and which would prevent further escape of air from the cylinder 2. As the piston -6 starts on its vacuum-producing stroke as actuated by cam -10, the valve 8 continues to move toward the outer piston -6- has completed its pressure stroke, the cam 26- is substantially in the position shown in Figure 6, and where further movement of the shaft --13- will continue to shift the valve-carrying or opcrating member 25 in the same direction as the pressure stroke of piston 6 so'as to effect-the operation of the valves as heretofore described, and in which the valve 8 continues to move in the direction of 'the pressure stroke of piston 6- even after the piston -6 has started on its vacuum producing stroke in the opposite direction.

This arrangement and operation of the valves permits complete discharge of the air from the cylinders 2'- and -3 upon the respective strokes of the respective pistons, thereby rendering the vacuum producing stroke efiective during the entire stroke for producing vacuum. Further, the use of mechanically-actuated valves as the valves 8 and 9- permits a much higher speed operationof the structure than is possible with'gravity-actuated valves, and is more positive in its operation and control.

F or the purpose of rendering the operation of the structure of a smooth and balanced character, the pulley 50 has. one side weighted so as to counter-balance the cam or eccentric 10-, as perhaps best illustrated in Figure 1, and the cam and pulley are so arranged in connection with the shaft 13 that the one balances the other.

In Figures 8 and 9 a somewhat modified form of structure is illustrated in that in place of the hardened inserts or contact members 11 or 12, there is shown a pair of hardened rollers 36 and -37 mounted journaled .in the walls of the respective pistons 6 and 7 and the cam -10 upon shafts 38 and 39 Any oil contacts with these rollers for shifting the pistons endwise as the shaft 13- rotates.

'By this construction friction is consider ably reduced between the cam and the parts with which it contacts if that is desired. Otherwise the structure of Figures 8 and 9 is similar in construction and operation to that disclosed in the former figures. The

rollers 3G- as here illustrated, are of circular form, but it is obvious that they may be formed in the nature of eccentrics, if that is desired.

Altho I have shown and described specific constructions as illustrative of perhaps preferred embodiments of my invention, I do not desire to restrict myself to the details of construction, form or operation of the apparatus and the parts thereof, as various changes may be made in the details of form, construction and arrangement without departing fromthe invention as set forth within the appended claims.

I claim 1. A vacuum pump comprising a base, a pair of cylinders carried by said base, istons in said cylinders, a port in each cy inder wall, mechanism for simultaneously driving said pistons in opposite directions, separate valves controllin said ports, a bar engaged with each of sai valves for simultaneously actuating the valves, and a hood mounted on said cylinders and constituting a common means of communication between said ports and the atmosphere.

2. A vacuum pump comprising a base, a pair of cylinders carried by said base, pistons in said cylinders, a port in each cylinder wall, mechanism for simultaneously driving said pistons in opposite directions, separate valves controlling said ports, a bar engaged with each of said valves for simultaneously actuating the valves, a cam driven from said mechanism to actuate said bar, and a hood mounted on said cylinders and constituting a common means of communication between said ports and the atmos phere.

3. A vacuum pump comprisin a base, a

pair of cylinders carried by sai base, pistons in said cylinders, a port in each cylinder wall, mechanism for simultaneously drivingsaid pistons in opposite directions, a bar exterior of the cylinders and slidable along the walls of the cylinders, a pair of cup-shape valves mounted respectively in the opposite ends of the bar and adapted to control the ports in the cylinder walls, and grooves in the cylinder walls underneath said cup-shape valves constituting ports permitting communication between a pipe line and the space within the cup-shape valve at the same time that communication exists between the respective cylinder and the space within the respective cup-shape valve controlling the port of that cylinder.

4. A vacuum pump comprisin a base, a pair of cylinders carried by sai base, pistons in said cylinders, a port in each cylinder wall, mechanism for simultaneously driving said pistons in opposite directions, a bar exterior of the cylin ers and slidable along the walls of the cylinders, a pair of cup-shape valves mounted respectively in the op osite ends of the bar and adapted to control the ports in the c linder walls, grooves in the cylinder walls underneath said cupshape valves constituting ports permitting communication between a pipe line and the space within the cup-shape valve at the same time that communication exists between the respective cylinder and the space within the respective cup-shape valve controlling the port of that cylinder, and a hood mounted on the cylinders and constituting means of communication between the ports in the cylinders and the atmosphere when the respective valves are in predetermined position.

5. A pump comprisin a base, a pair of cylinders carried by the ase, pistons in the cylinders, a port in each cylinder wall, mechanism for simultaneously driving said pistons in o posite directions comprlsing a rotary sha t, separate valves controlling said ports, a bar engaged with said valves for simultaneously actuatin them, a yoke pivoted to the base an engaged with said ar, and a cam mounted on said shaft and contacting with the yoke to tilt the same about its" pivot to shift said bar and the valves engaged therewith.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 15th day of October, 1923.

. HENRY CLYDE ODEN.

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