US1696813A - Brick for furnace-wall construction - Google Patents

Description

NYG X BR I CK FOR FURNAC E WALL 0 ON 3 TRUE T I ON Feb, 1926 vw waw 4; ATT 52w.

INVENTOR ATTORNEY.

BRIE OR FOR FUR Patented Dec. 25, 1928.

' UNITED STATES (PATENT oFFI cE.

OSCAR IQY'GAABD, 'OF SA'UGUS, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR llO BERNITZ FURNACE APPLIANCE COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A QORPORATION OF MASSA- CHUSETTS.

BRICK FOR'FUTRNACE-WALL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed February 3, 1926. Serial No. 85,683.'

This invention relates to air cooled furnace walls and more especially to a brick adapted for use in building such walls.

- An application of even date herewith, S'erial No. 85,682, filed jointly by this applicant and another, describes and claims a novel furnace wall construction and a novel brick used in said Well. The present invention provides another brick adapted especially'for use in said wall, although capable also of being used to advantage in other furnace wall structures. It is the. chief object of the present invention to devise a brick for the general type with which this invention is more particularly concerned; I

Figs. 2 and 3 are cross-sectional views on the lines 2-42. and 3-3, respectively, of Fig. 1;

- Fig. 4 is-a perspective view of a brick embodying the pre e t invention; I

Figs. 5 and 6 are, respectively, a front elevation and a vertical cross-sectional view of a modified construction of'brick';

Fig. 7 is a front elevation of another modi= fication; and

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of still another form of brick embodying this invention.

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a small part of a furnace wall which is divided into a, rear section A and a front section B. The rear section is'made of ordinary fire brick, while the front section is made of special bricks, and includes four superposed courses. The bricks C of which the upper course is made are of a hollow box liketype having rearwardly extending flanges, .one of these bricks being shown on a larger scale in Fig. 4. The

use in furnace walls which can be eifectually' bricks D in the next course from the top are T-shaped in central, horizontal cross-section, each brick having an uprightfiange 2 which PI'OJGCtS rearwardly from thecentral part of the body portion or front wall of the brick.

The bricks E in the next to the bottom course I are like the bricks C except that they are provided with air discharge openings or apertures 3, while the bricks F in the lowermost course are like the bricks D except that they are prov ded with four air discharge openings 3.. The bricks in adjacent courses are i so laid that their rearwardly extending flanges are superposed .upon' each other, thus providing a. series of continuous webs, each extending continuously from the top to the bottom of the front section, and also extending from the front wall of the section B to the'rear section A.

At the upper end of this dividedwall an air space or header 5 is formed to which air under pressure is supplied through one-or more air inlet ducts 6. The flanges of the bricks cooperate to provide both horizontal and vertical passages between the solid portions of the front and rear sections B and A through which this air circulates freely, the air being discharged at the bottom of the front section through the' apertures 3. Or another header (not shown) may be provided at the lower end of this divided wall to rerelatively large chamber 8 extending into it from the rear side thereof so that the front wall of the brick is comparatively thin. Preferably this brick is made of carborundum (silicon carbide) or some other highly refractory material and, if made of carborun- .dum, the front wall may be about 2 thick.

This front wall forms what may be regarded as the body portion of the brick, and when in use its front face is exposed to the fire. EX- tending rearwardly from this part of the brick are upper and lower flanges 9 and 10,.

respectively, and side flanges 11 and 12, re-

rearward edges of all these flanges are notched deeply, as clearly shown in'Fig. 4, so that these four walls only partly surround'the chamber 8. The two notches 13 and 14 formed in the top and bottom flanges may be considered as having been formed by deeply grooving the back part of the brick in a vertical direction, while the notches 15 and 16 may be regarded as formed by similarly grooving the back of the brick horizontally to a lesser depth.

' This flanged and notched construction has the advantage of permitting the bricks of the front section to abut against the rear wall section while also permitting a free circulation of air in contact with the rear surface of the front wall of the brick where it can sweep away the heat which is conducted through this wall so that the brick can be cooled sufliciently by the. air currents to keep the front face or fire face of the brick at approximately the desired temperature. The flanges also contribute to this result since they conduct heat away from the front wall and, by exposing a large surface to contact with the cooling current of air, they effectually dissipate this heat. The notches in the upper and lower flanges provide ample space for the downward flow of a current of air between the front and rear wall sections,

the corresponding portions of the adjoining bricks. A stronger construction thus is provided, and if the flanges of any brick should crack or break off, the fact that the front wall of this brick is interlocked with or bonded to the next adjacent bricks would result in holding it securely in the'wall:

The brick shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is exactly like that shown in Fig. 4 except that it is provided with two tapered air discharging apertures 3, while the brick shown in Fig. 'i is like that shown in Fig. 4 except that it has four of these air discharging apertures;

In Fig. 8 I have shown a brick G which is quite similar to the construct-ion shown in Fig. 4 but differs from it in not being chambered as deeply. This design is somewhat better adapted for manufacture from fire clay than is the construction shown in Fig. 5, since it does not include such thin webs which might not have sutiicient strength if made from fire clay. A deep groove 22 is formed'vertically through the central part of the rear side of this'block thus leaving two flanges at opposite sides of this groove which corresponchin general, to the flanges 11 and 12 of the brick shown in Fig. i. The rearward edges of these flanges are also grooved or notched horizontally, as clearly shown in Fig. 8, so'that this construction provides the necessary passages for the circulation of air in the manner above described.

Since the flanges of this brick are relatively thick where they join the front wall or body portion of the block, and decrease gradually in thickness as they extend rear-wardly, they are strong mechanically even when made of fire clay. This brick'can be manufactured from clay at a considerable price advantage overa silicon carbide brick of the construction shown in Fig. 4. and it can be used very satisfactorily in those parts of the furnace where the temperatures are not so high as to require a brick made of more refractory material. other brick constructions shown can be manufactured more economically than prior bricks of which I am aware and which are intended for the same work. They can be cooled very effectually by air. as above described. and they make a wall of superior strengthand rigidity.

While I have herein shown and described typical brick constructions embodying the invention in the form at present preferred, it will be understood that the essential features of the invention may be embodied in bricks of other designs. The wall and T-brick constructions herein shown and described are not claimed in this application but are claimed in the pending case previously referred to.

Having thus described my invention, what I desire to claim as new is:

1. A brick for furnace wall construction having a relatively large chamber extending into it from the rear side thereof leaving a relatively thin wall at the front of the brick, said brick being made of non-metallic refractory material, flanges projecting rearwardly from said wall at opposite edges thereof and forming opposite walls of said chamber. said flanges having notches therein providing passages therethrough leading from the chamber to the opposite sides of the brick, and a hole extending through said wall from said chamber to the front face of the brick.

2. A brick for furnace wall construction comprising a relatively thin body portion forming the front wall of the brick and two flanges projecting rearwardly from said front wall at opposite ends thereof, said flanges being substantially thicker adjacent to said front wall than at points more remote there from and notched along the edge thereof, the

At the same time the outer faces of said flanges being substantially continuous with the end faces of said bod I portion, said brick being made of non-meta lie refractory material. I

3. A brick for furnace wall construction comprising a relatively thin body portion forming the front wall of the brick, the brick beingmade of non-metallic refractory material, said front wall having'a tongue extending along one edge thereof and a corresponding grooveformed in the opposite edge, and two upright flanges projecting rearwardly from said front wall at opposite ends thereof and extending the entire height of said front wall, the outer faces of said flanges being 3 from top to bottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from the body portion of the brick, said flanges being relativelywide where they join the front wall of the brick and decreasing in width as they extend rearwardly, and the inner surfaces of the intermediate portions of said flanges being chamtions are made relatively thin.

5. A brick for furnace wall construction made of refractory non-metallic material and grooved deeply at the rearward side thereof from top to bottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from the body portion ofthe brick, said flanges being relatively wide where they join the front wall of the brick and decreasing in width as they'extend rearwardly, the rearward side of said body portion and'the adjacent surfaces of said flanges being chambered out to make the intermediate portions 'of the flanges and said body portion relatively thin.

'6. A brick for furnace wall construction made of refractory non-metallic material and grooved deeply at the rearward side thereof from top to bottom to provide two flanges extending rearwardly from the body portion ofthe brick, said flanges being relatively Wide where they join the front Wall of the brick and decreasing in Width as they extend rearwardly, the inner surfaces of the intermediate "portions of said flanges being chamberedout, whereby said intermediate portions are made relatively thin, and tapered notches in the rearward edges of said intermediateportions OSCAR NYGAA-RD.

of the flanges.

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