US1695569A - Dry-separating machine - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 18, 1928. 1,695,235@

R. w, ARMs r DRY SEPARATING MACHINE had April 1e, 1924 s sheets-sheet 1 I h23/5 33/2 y yl' I 'C5 i/ B7 B8 y n ,B7 134 v///r l BIO n J/a/7 P/1/0 'i6 V i2;

6L D fl/# l E 2 D @j I 7 #I i I2 A6 6 a c o G \v 5f im o /Jfl Dec. 1s, 1929. 1,695,569

R. W. ARMS DRY S EPARATI NG MACHINE Filed April 1e, 1924 5 sheets-sheet 2 Dec. 18, '1928. 1,695,569

R; W. ARMS v DRY SEPARATING MACHINE Fi-led April 16, 1924 3 sheets-sheet, 5

lzvemo? lfatented Dec. 18, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAY W. ARMS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO ROBERTS SCHAFERCOH- IPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 0F ILLINOIS.

DRY-SEPABATING MACHINE.

Application led April 16, 1924. Serial No. 706,853.

My invention relates to improvements in an' separatlng tables and has for one object to provlde a new and improved form of air -separating table 'whereby granular material may be separated or classified by weight by the combined action of a vibratory supporting the table and a supporting column of air or gasupon whichthe ranular materlal is with the cooperation o the table carried. Another object of my invention is to provide a table wherein classification and concentration of the lighter particles may be rapidly and easil feiected. Another object is to provide a ta le wherein the angle of inclination of the supporting table and its cooperation with theair or gas-column may be adjusted. Another object is to provide a light, durable, easily manufactured and easily operated device. Otherl objects will appear from time.

to time in the specification and claims.

My invention isA illustrated more or less dagrammatically in the laccompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a side elevation in part section;

Figure 2 is an end elevation;

Figure 3 is a rear elevation;

Figure 4 is a planview;

Figure 5 is a section along the line of 5 5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a section along the line 6 6 qf Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a section along the line 7-7 of4 Figure 4;

Fkigure 8 is an underside plan view of the dec Figure 9 is a section along the line 9--9 of Figure 4;

Figure 10 is a top plan view of the alr chimney.

Like parts are indicated by like characters through the specication and drawings.l

A is a main frame, A1 an oscillating ltable made up of an oscillating frame A2 and perforate deck or screen A. The `oscillating frame has ears 'A projecting outwardly therefrom pivoted to `an oscillating shaft A5 supported by links A pivoted on the frame A. The links A7 pivoted on the oscillating frame at one end are pivoted at the other end on slides As which are vertically adjustable on the main frame A to support the oscillating table leaving it free to' oscillate but making it possible to adjust it angularly about the oscillating shaft Al5 in a plane parallel with the line of oscillation. A9 is an eccentric bearing on the mainframe carrying an eccentric shaft A1 having an eccentric A11 drivin an eccentric rod A12 engaging at its free en the oscillating shaft A5. A13 is a pulley on the eccentric shaft-driven 'by a belt A from any suitable source of power.

. B is a frame hinged on the oscillating frame A2 for angular movement about a line perpendicular. to the oscillating shaft A. f It carries the perforate deck A3. B1, B2 are standards projecting upwardly from theframe A2 slotted to engage holding bolts B3 on the frame B whereby the frames A2 andB may be locked in angular relation. B, Bl5 are transverse struts, each of them pivoted at one' end on one of the frames and slotted on the other for engagement with a holdin bolt on the 'frame so that when the bolts are oosened for angular adjustment of the frame, these struts may work in or out. When the bolts are tightened, these struts are tightened up so as to resist lateral thrust in either direction between the two frames, thus locking them together as a rigid unit and protecting the frame from torsional strain caused by the vibratory movement applied to the frame A2. B", B7 are impervious portions of the deck A, there being boundary walls B8, B9 intersecting at one corner of the rectangular frame Bv and bounding two sides of the rvious portion of the deck. B1", is an inchned wall bounding the inclined portion of the cross section of the pervious deck. 'Y B12 is a chute carried on the deck As and discharging thereupon. Bw is a spout Idischarging material to be separated into the chute.

The pervious deck is made up referably of a thin sheet of perforate zinc there beforate zinc and at one side of the perforate portion of the deck inclined to the line of reciprocat-ion there is a strip of cheesecloth C2 or other loosely woven fabric interposed between the zinc C and the screen fabric C1. This cheesecloth has for its purpose to retard the air flowing upwardly through the perforations in the zinc and the screen cloth. C3, Cs are riilles projecting upwardly from the surface of the pervious portion of the lll) deck parallel with the -line of reciprocation. These ritlles taper downwardly from the discharge end toward and terminate at the edge of the resistance area where the cheesecloth is located.

Beneath the pervious portion of the deck in line with the rilles are supporting beams or cross members C4 built into the frame and furnishing an adequate support for the deck. The riles themselves are angle members fastened through the pervious'deck to the supporting members C". Carried on these supporting members are a series of relatively thin flexible separately adjustable shutters C5 whereby the supply of air to various portions of the deck may be adjusted, as indioated in the various drawings, by bending these shutters.

The discharge portion of the pervious deck extends from the point X across to the point Y, thence up to the point Z. The pervious portion of the deck is continued asV shown in Figure 7 by an impervious extension D discharging onto inclined chute surfaces D1' which in turn discharges into troughs D2, D3, D4. Deflector blades D5 are mounted on the chutes D1 and may be moved to cut and distribute the flowing sheet of material, there being preferably two of them. These two blades are so positioned that they divide the sheet of material as it flows ol the table into 4three sections looking at Figure 4 for instance, the right hand part of the sheet takes the material running olf from the point, to a point just short of the` end of the ,riilles This material is purecoal. The left hand section of the sheet comprises the material from the point Z to a point just beyondthe rilles. This is pure rock or refuse. The balance, of the sheet is between the right and left hand portions and comprises part coal and part refuse and is called middlings and the two deflectors Ds may be adjusted with respect to each other and to the total width of the sheetdepending upon the condition of the sheet and thewidth of the middling zone so as to give any desired classificatlon or grouping.

E is a chimney to which air or gas under pressure is fed from any' suitable source through the pipe E1. This chimney extends upwardly to conform to' the cross section of the pervious portion of the deck. Ez 1s a ybellows'attach'ed to the upper periphery of the chimney E at its bottom and to the undersideof the deckat lits top extending up through the frame A2 so that the bellows closes the gap between the chimney 'and the pervious deck no matter what the angle of inclination and no matter what the position during reciprocation. This bellows is preferably attached to the chimney by means of a binding strip Ea nailed in position to hold the bellows tight and, attached to the deck by means of binding strips E. The deck is held in place on the frame B by bolts E".

l as follows Air or gas under pressure is fed upwardly through a chimney and discharged upwardly through the pervious surface of the deck. The only control ofthis air is by the series of permanently bent adjustable shutters which equalize or adjust the flow of airimmediately below the pervious deck so as to provide the proper supply. The deck is reciprocated in a direction parallel with the ritlles. Granular coal or other material isfedonto the deck ythrough the chute at one corner thereof, the reciprocation of the deck in cooperation with the throw given to it by the supporting links causes the material to feed out in a direction parallel with the rilles. Grdinarily the deck would be inclined upwardly from the feed, material would feed up against the force of gravity along the rilles. The inclination of the links will give an up and down movement to the deck and material will be thrown up and vibrated in a vertical direction to some extent by the movement of the deck. The air forced upwardly through the deck tends to carry the sheet of granular mamaterial to move across the line of reciprocation, the heavier particles gravitating tothe bottom of the sheet will be caught by the riffles and constrained to a movement parallel with them, the lighter particles, like coal, will be permitted to travel downwardly across the direction of reciprocation and since the deck is completely covered by a sheet of moving materials, movement of the coal across the lower edge of, the deck looking at Figure 1 will take place. This material will be cleanV and there will be substantially no refuse with it. As the refuse moves out, being in smaller quantities than the coal and as the coal moves down across the lie'of reciprocation the sheet of material becomes thinner, the air resistance less and the'efect of the concentrating or classification action of the air column and reciprocation will be less accurate owing to the boiling of the sheet of material.l

In order to compensate for this, the cheese cloth is used so as to provide a concentration zone where the refuse is concentrated as it commences its desired travel beyond the ends of the riftles. There will be a middling Zone between the clean coal and pure refuse just about the ends of the riiiles and the operator gets satisfactory results by adjusting the deflecting blades back and forth so as to divide thel three zones as they discharge over the table to throw the coal in one chute, the mididlings in another, and the refuse in another, Material varies Iconstantly and it is necessary to be able to change the point of separation from time to time to take care of the difference in product. The purpose of the adjusting blades beneath the deck is to compensate for the different thicknesses of the sheet of material as it thins out. This compensation Abeing made once and for all to take care of the general type of material being treated and the general condition under which separation takes place. It will be noted that the material is nowhere banked up and there is nowhere any obstruction otferedto its travel except the obstruction offered by the riifles to the cross movement of the heavier particles. The result is that the material is always freely moving except that the heavier parti- V' cles which segregate down' through the bed when they come into engagement with the riflies are compelled tochange their movement from a diagonal path inclined to the riliies to a path generally lparallel with the rififes beneath the flowing sheet of coal and the path of the heavier particles is thus at the bottom of the sheet` or bed inclined to the path of the coal. When the device is in operation, it willbe noted that in every instance the sheet of material is thickest toward'the feed` end and thins out both in a direction parallel tof4 and in a directionv perpendicular to the riiiles and at-some point on'the zonev of reduced air pressure the' bale or sheet of refuse will peter out and no material' will go beyond the terminal zone but will traveldown parallel with the zone.

I claim:

1. A dry separating table comprising a reciprocating pervious deck, riliies onvthe uppersurface thereof extending generally parallel with the line of reciprocation. means for feeding granular material to the deck at one end, means for catching material discharged from the deck'adjacent the other.

end and means for supplying air under pressurev to and forcing it upwardly through the deck to partially support the material, there/ being a zone adjacent t-he termination of the riliies where the supporting effect of the gas is reduced, means located at the discharge edge of the table for dividing the flow of may terial thereacross to segregate it. said means being movable along the deck to permit adjustment and division of the material.

' 2. A dry separating ftable comprising a reciprocating pervious deck, ritlies on the upper surface thereof extending generally parallel with the line of reciprocation, means for feeding granular material to the deck at one end, means for catching material discharged from the deck adjacent t-he other end and means for supplying air under pressure to and forcing it upwardlythrough the deck to partially support the material, there being a zone intersecting the line of movement of the material and adjacent the ends of the riftles where the supporting effect of the gas isreduced, means located at the discharge edge of the table for dividing the .flow of material thereacross to classify it.

3. In an air separating table, a reciprocating frame, a pervious deck hinged thereon for angular adjustment about a generally horizontal line, vertically disposed guide members interposed between the frame and the deck and means for positioning said guide members to hold the parts in adjusted angular relation, means associated with said guide members for preventing 'relative lateral movement of deck and frame.

4. In an air separating table, a reciprocating frame, a pervious deck hinged thereon for angular adjustment about a generally horizontal line, vertically disposed guide members interposed between the frame and the deck and means` for positioning said guide members to hold the parts in adjusted angular relation. means associated with said guide members for preventing relative lateral movement of deck and frame, said means comprising adjustable diagonal struts interposed between the deck and the frame.

5. In an air separating table, a reciprocating frame, a perviousdeck hinged thereon, guide and supporting members projecting upwardly from the frame and in adjustable engagement with the deck at a point removed from the hinge, diagonall struts--extending- Vment to change the angle of inclination of the frame, a pervious deck pivoted on the frame, adjusting means adapted to vary theI angle of inclination of the deck with respect to the frame, an air supply chimney projecting upwardly through the fixed support and carried thereby and a bellows interposed between the upper extremity of the air chim- 'ney and the pervious deck.

7. In an air separating table. a pervious deck, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for rellt) ducing the flow of air through the deck along one side thereof, riles projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at the zone f lower pressure.

8. In an air separating table, a pervious deck. means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow of air-through the deck along one side thereof, riies project-.ingupwardly from'the deck and terminating at the zone of lower pressure, the ritlies decreasing in height toward their termination at the zone of lower pressure.

9. In an air separating table. a pervious deck, means for discharging air upwardly underA pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow of air through the deck along one side thereof,'riilles'projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at the zone of lowerpressure, means for reciprocating the deck in a direction parallel with the line of the riiiies.

.10. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow of air through 'the deck one-side thereof, riiiles projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at the zone of lower pressure, the riffies descreasing in height toward their terminationat the zone of lower pressure, means for reciprocating the deck in a direction parallel with the line of the riHes.

11. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, lmeans for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reduring the flow of air through the deck along one side thereof, riflies projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at the zone oi' lower pressure, means for feeding material to the deck at a point far removed from the zone of lower pressure and for conveying it along the deck toward such zone in a. direction parallel with the riiiles.

12. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for dischargin'g air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow of air through the deck alongA one side thereof, riiiies projecting upwardly from the deck-and terminating at the zone of lowerl pressure, the riiiies decreasingl in height toward their termination at the zone of lower pressure, means for feeding material to the deck at a point far removed from the zone of lower pressure and for conveying it along the deck toward such zone in a di? rection parallel with the riies.

13.. 'In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow ci air through the deck along side thereof, riftles projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at the acne of lower pressure, means Jtor feeding mate to the at a point far vremedied :trein the zone of lower pressure and for conveying it along the deck toward such zone ina direction parallel with the riftles, the riflles decreasing in height from the feed .toward the discharge end.

14. In an air separating tablea pervious deck, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the flow of air through the deck along one side thereof, riles projecting upwardly from the deck and termina-ting at the zone of lower pressure. the riilies descreasing in height toward their termination at the zone of lower pressure, means for feeding material to the deck at a point far removed from the zone of Avlower pressure and for conveying it along the deck toward such zone in a direction parallel with the riies, the riiiies decreasing in height from the feed toward the discharge end.

15J In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, means for discharging air4 upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air a-lon one side of the perforate deck, means for lfyeeding material to be separated to the deck at a point removed from the zone of lower pressure, riflesextending parallel with the lineof reciprocation graduall decreasing in height toward and terminatmg at the zone of lower pressure.

16. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air along one side of the perforate deck, means for feeding material to be separated to the deck at a point removed from the zone of lower pressure, riflos fles extending parallel with the line of re ciprocation gradually decreasing in height toward and terminating 'at the zone of lower pressure, the deck being downwardly inclined in a direction across the riflles `from the material supply point.

17. In an air separating table, a'pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, ymeans for reducing the pressure exerted by the air along one side of the perforate deck, means for feeding material to be separated, to the deck at apoint removed from the zone of lower pressure, riles extending parallel with he line of reciprocation gradually decreasi g in height toward and terminating at the 'zone of lower pressure, the deck being inclined in a direction across the ritlles from the material supply point.

18. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means fer reciprocating it, means forv discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the pres sure exerted hy lair along one side fr@ the performs deck, for

to be separated to the deck at a point removed from the zone of lower pressure, rifies extending parallel with the line of reciprocation gradually decreasing in height toward and terminating at the zone of lower pressure, the deck being inclined Vin a direction across the ritliesfrom the material sup- Ply. of inclination.

19. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, means for" discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air along one side of the perforate deck, means for feeding material to be separated to the deck ata point removed from the zone of lower pressure, riffles extending parallel with the line of reciprocation gradually decreasing in height toward and terminating at the zone of lower pressure, the deck being inclined in a direction along the riflles.

20. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, 'means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air along one side of the perforate deck, means for -feeding material to be separated to 'the deck at a point removed from the zone'of lower pressure, riffies extending parallel with the line of reciprocation graduall decreasing in height toward and terminating at the zone oflower pressure, the deck being inclined'in a direction along the riiles, and means' for adjusting the angle of inclination.

21. In an air separating table, a pervious deck, means for reciprocating it, meansl for discharging air upwardly under pressure therethrough, means `for reducing the pressure exerted by the air along one side of the perforate deck, means for feeding material to 'he separated to the deck at a point removed from the zQne-of lower pressure, riflles extending parallel with the line of reciprocation gradually decreasing in height toward and terminating at. the zone of lower pressure, the deck being downwardly inclined in a direction across the rilifles from the material supply point and upwardly inclined along the riiies toward their lower ends, there being means for adjusting the angle of inclination of the deck.

22. In an air separating table, a rectangu 2. In an air separating table, a rectanguy lar deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, means Jfor discharging air upwardly under pressure through the pervious portion and point and means for'adjusting the angle= -means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air in a zone along one diagonal side of the pervious portion of the deck.

24. In an air separating table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure through the pervious portion and means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air in a zone along one diagonal side of the pervious-portion of the deck, riiles pro Jecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at said zone. v

25. 'In an air separat-ing table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, means for discharging air upwardly under pressure through the pervious portion and means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air in a zone along one diagonal side ofthe pervious portion of the deck, rilies projecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at said zone, said riiles decreasing in height toward the reduced pressure zone.

26. In an air separating table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area Iexcept at two diagonally opposed corners, means for J'discharging air upwardly under pressure through the pervious portion and means for reducing the pressure exerted by the air in a zone alon`g one diagonal side of the pervious portion ofthe deck, ritlles proj ecting upwardly from the deck and terminating at .said zone, said riles being parallel with one side of the-rectangle.

27. In an air separating table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, a wall surrounding a part of the pervious area on two adjacent sides of the rectangle and on one of the inclined sides of the pervious portion.

28. In an air separating table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, a wall surrounding a part of the pervious area on two adjacent sides of the rectangle and on one of the inclined sides of the ervious portion, riffles projecting upwardlly from the deck and parallel with that wall of the rectanlgle furthest removed from the inclined wa 29. In an air separating table, a rectangular deck pervious throughout its entire area except at two diagonally opposed corners, a wallsurrounding a part of the pervious area on two adjacent sides of the rectangle and on one of the inclined sides of the pervious portion, rimes projecting upwardly from the deck and parallel with that wall of the rec tangle turthest'removed from the inclined wall, each rifle .decreasing in height away from the inclined wall.

30., In an air separating table, an air per vious deck comprising a coarsely perforated plate and a screen cloth overlying it, riles projecting upwardly from the screen cloth and supporting bars located beneath the plate in line with the riilles, the riflles terminating short of the edge of the perforate portion of the plate and a fabric stri of finer mesh than the screen plate interpose l between the screen and the cloth throughout the area where the riles are not located.

3l. In an air separating table, a perforate deck, a plurality of spaced ribs locatedbelow and supporting it and a plurality of relatively short baille strips mounted on the ribs and adapted to'be bent to adjustably control the flow of air through the space between the ribs to the deck. Y

Signed at Chicago, county of Cook, and State of Illinois, this 31st day of March, 1924.

RAY W. ARMS.

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