US1688509A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1928.

1,688,509 c. R. SMITH OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 5, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 c -M @XMIM Oct. 23, 1928.

C. R. SMITH OIL BURNER Filed Feb. 5, 192? /A/E/VfQf 9 3 m, n oo .m .w Q l .Mw m f K uw 7 mgm WM5. swb. \K Rum 5 com m Oct. 23, 1928.

PATENT orFicE.

CHARLES B. BIITH, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

OIL BURNER.

applic-mon ma rebmuy, 1927. semi no. 166,141.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners and its chief object is to rovide an oil burner designed for use in eating plants for homes, apartments and other buildings although it is susceptible of a variety of other uses.

A further object is to provide an oil burner wherein dry steam is used to superheat the oil previous to combustion of the same, this steam then being mixed with the oil stream at its point of combustion.

A further object is to provide an oil burner of this type wherein means are provided .for generating the steam used. A further ob]ect is to provide a burner that does not form carbon. l

A still further object is to provide an oil burner that is dependable and etlicient in use, safe in operation and that will burn ordinary fuel yoil as well as any or all of the refined or lighter oils in a thoroughly satisfactory and economical manner and with the maximum production of heat.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists in the combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter fully described, pointedout in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form a part of this application and in which- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a hot water boiler illustrating the application of the oil bui'ner.

Fig. 2 is a View in front elevation of the fuel supply and control mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional View taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of the fuel delivery nozzle.

Fig. 5 is a cross section, enlarged, on line 5 5 of Fig. 7.

Fig.` 6 is an enlarged sectional view of a type of control valve employed.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view of the generator and the fuel supply mechanism.

Like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views.

The present burner comprises a steam generator wherein water under pressure, as water supplied by the water mains of any large city, is admitted and turned into steam by the application of heat direct to the generator either by means of a gas pilot light or by the combustion of the fuel after the burner is in operation, and the steam so formed is used to preheat the oil stream just previous' to its combustion, the dry steam after preheating tlieoil being directed, under considerable pressure, into the oil stream and mixed therewith during combustion. Means are provided for automatically controllin the amount of dry steam to be mixed with t e oil stream, or vapor, and for automatically controlling the supply of water to the generator.

The reference numeral 1 denotes a. hot water boiler provided with the usual door 2 and grate 3. A standard 4 is supported in a floor casting 5 as a support for an. oil supply pipe 6, a water pipe 7 and a. gas pipe 8 each of which pipes leads to a supply source and is provided with a hand control valve 9. The gas pipe 8 is connected by union 10 with a flexible gas pipe 11 that is connected, by means of a union 12 provided with a hand valve 13, to tlie gas service pipe comprising the sections 14, 15 which are connected by the union 16 provided with a valve 17, the as pipe section 15 being supported by the brac et 18 carried by the door 2, and a as pilot pipe 19 communicating with the said pipe section 15 to supply the forked gas pilot 20, the prongs of which are disposed upon opposite sides of the generator casing 21.

' The water pipe 7 is connected by union 22, provided with a cut-od valve, with a flexible water pipe 23 that is connected, by means of a union 24, provided with a hand valve 24, to a water delivery pipe comprising the three sections 25, 26, 27, the sections 25, 26 being connected by thel T-union 28 which communicates with and connects said pipe sections to the water diaphragm 29 tlie'flexible membrane 30 of which is adapted to actuate a" plunger 31 disposed immediately beneath said membrane, the lower end of said plun er being slidabl disposed in the lower tubu ar end of the iaphragm casing wherein the longitudinal slot 32 is formed through which, and through the plunger, a. rod 33 extends that is carried by said plun er, the ends of said rod being connected to t e levers 34, 35, each of which is fulcrumed upon a pin 36 carried by Va bracket 37 through which the stem of a valve 17 extends for operative engagement with the free end of a ' lever 34 or 35, one bracket 37 bein secured to one union 16 and a similar bracet being likewise secured to the union 38. The levers 34, 35 are identical in their construction, operation and function and the illustration in Fig. 6 is deemed sufficient as one assembly is here illustrated.

The said union 38 connects pipe sections 39, 40, the latter section being connected by the valved union 41 to a pipesection 42 which is connected by means of a valved union 43, provided with a hand valve 44, to the flexible oil pipe 45 that is connected by a union 46, provided with a cut-oil or safety valve, with the oil pipe 6. Referring again to the pipe section 39 the same is connected to an oil pipe 47 that is connected by the interiorly threaded couplin 48 to the exteriorly threaded tubular link 49 that is adj ustably connected to the link coupling 50 and movable inwardl or outwardly relative thereto, said tubular link 49 having secured thereto by screws 49a the control lever 51.

The link coupling 50 is carried by the exteriorly threaded tubular extension 52 of the dry steam chamber 53, dome shaped and formed with the elongated tubular nozzle portion 54 in the plane of the tubular eXtension 52 and having its free end tapered or beveled to `form a `discharge opening 55. EX- tending through the nozzle portion 54, chamber 53 and extension 52 and of considerably smaller diameter than any of\these members' .pipe being adapted for movement longitudinally of said nozzle, dome 53 and extension 52 upon oscillation of the said leverl 51 so that its tapered end serves to regulate the discharge of steam or water through said discharge opening by closing to a greater or lesser degree the said opening. The free ends of members 54, 56 are so tapered relatively that the space therebetween may be completely-closed when desired. A collar bushing 58 is interposed between and carried by said oil pipe and nozzle adjacent their tapered ends and serves toy fill the space between said members at this point, and to center said oil pipe in said nozzle, said collar being formed with a plurality of spaced longitudinally eX- tending perforations 59 to at all times permit the passage therethrough of a certain amount of steam or a very limited amount of water.

Referring again to the dry steam chamber 53 the same is disposed upon and secured to a 'moist steam chamber 60 provided with a blow off valve 61 and with a drain cock 62, said dry and moist steam chambers being made intercoinmunicating through the medium of the tubular connection 63, said steam chamber 60 having secured thereto and communicating therewith the open -end 'the pilot lit.

of the generator shell 21 within which is the insert shell 65 which is spaced away from the said shell 21, the inner open end of said insert shell being spaced away from the closed end 66 of the shell 21, the outer end of said insert shell extending slightly beyond the open end of said shell 21 and bei-ng perforated to receive the water pipe 27 that extends the entire length of said shell 65, said insert shell being spaced away therefrom and from the shell 21 by means of the spacer rivets 67.

Referring again to the control lever 51 the same is connected at one end by a link 68 to the rod 69 that opens, closes and controls the check valve 70 that regulates the flow of oil through the union 41, said lever 51 at its opposite end being connected by the chain 71 and cable 72 to the motor box 73 of the room thermostat (not shown). A counterbalance weight 74 is also carried by the lever 51 at' the same end as that engaged by the chain 71 and a take-up chain 75 also connects said lever 51 and a collar 76 arranged upon the pipe link 15 and any one of the links of said chain 75 may be engaged by the hooked end of the collar 76 so that the extreme distance possible between the lever 51 and said collar may be regulated thereby. In this manner the arc of oscillation of the lever 51 may be limited as desired thus enabling one to so set the said lever as to cause it to control the valve 70 with precision. A water-temperature thermometer 77 and a manometer 78 `are operatively connected to the pipe 25.

In operation it will first be assumed that the device is to be started for the first time, either at the beginning of the heating season or after first installation. At the time of this starting or previous thereto the room thermostat indicator is positioned at a low temperature point, such as 50 degrees Fahrenheit. The control lever 51 actuated by the weight 74 has closed the space between the tapered ends of the members 54 and 56. The water valve 24a is now opened full thus permitting water from the source to flow through pipes 7, 23, through the open valve in the union 24, throughpipe section 25 and union 28 into the diaphragm 29, through pipe sect-ions 26, 27 into the Generator shells 21, 65, into the moist steam chamber 60, dry steam chamber 53 and nozzle 54 but escape of water from the discharge end of said nozzle or through the tubular extension 52 beyond the collar 57 is now impossible. f

The gas valve 13 is now opened in full and The gas flame playing about the generator shell 21 will generate steam therein and this steam: will pass from the generator into the chamber 60 and then into the chamber 53 and force back the water therefrom. When the thermometer 77 shows approximately 220 degrees Fahrenheit or the manometer shows approximately 20 pounds pres- 1,ess,soe

stallation. The room thermostat is now set at the room temperature desired, as 70 degrees Fahrenheit, the gas valve 13 partly shut off or disposed in running position which is determined and denoted ina manner similar to that described with relation to the oil valve and the burner is in operation and is set for the season. When the room temperature rises above'70 degrees,\or any other set temperature, the thermostat will, in a well known manner, permit the control lever 51 with its weight'74 to shut off the oil supply at the Valve 70, and to close the space between the discharge ends of the oil pipe 56 and nozzle 54. When the roomtemperature drops below 7 0 the mechanism will e started up again.

When the control lever turns 0n the oil in full it also causes a movement of the oil pipe 56 relative to the nozzle 54 so tha-t their tapered ends are spaced apart and the steam from the generator passing through the chambers 60, 53 will pass through the nozzle 54, through the perforations 59 in the collar 58 and out into the oil stream from the pipe 56. This oil has been preheated by the hot steam in the chamber 53 encircling the pipe 56 and in such state it is highlycombustible. The steam passing with great force from the nozzle discharge port causes a partial vac.- uum at this point which sucks the oil from the pipe 56 which suction is qute'suflicient to draw the oil from 'a supply tank at any desired position. .The oil and steam come together about the gas llame and the oil is broken up and this gaseous fuel burns wit-h an intense heat, neverless thin 900 degrees Fahrenheit, about the generator outer shell providingY heat for generating steam from the water constantly supplied to that member.

Combustion of the fuel begins at a point slightly in advance of the tapered end of the nozzle 54 and it will be noted that this member is so located and disposed relative to the generator shell and pilot that the burning fuel envelops the generator. When the burner is shut down for the night or betweenl periods of operation the pilot will keep up steam which steam will always have the oil in the pipe 56 preheated and ready at the instant the thermostat sets the mechanism in operation again. Should the pilot light go out or be put out for any reason and the thermostat be in position to cause operation of the burner the steam generated previous to the extinguishing of the pilot will soon be used up and the water will then pass from the abate and gas and oil be cut ofi'.

enerator .into the chambers 60 and 53and t en into the nozzle 54 from the discharge port o fwhich the water will trickle, mixed,

withoil from the pipe 56, down upon the generator casing and oit into Vthe overliow pan 7 9 located uponthe grate 3 and from said pan it will pass through the pipe 8O into the Ytrip bucket 81 suspended by the chain 82 which is operatively connected to the emerf gency or cut-off valves 22, 46 which will cut off the supply of water and oil. The escape of gas from the pilot will not be enough to become a menace because the water pressure in-the diaphragm has ceased and the rod 3 3 will cause the rods 34, 35 to abate ressure against the stems of the valves 17 t ius peru mitting the valve springs 17*i to close the valves, cutting off the gas. The oil valve in union 38 will be closed in like manner. If

the water is cut off while the ilot vis burning the Water pressure in the iaphragm will 1. In an oil burner, a heated steam generator, means for supplying water under pressure to said generator, a moist steam cha-mber communicating with said generator, a dry steam chamber communicating with said moist steam chamber, a nozzle for said dry steam chamber, an oil pipe disposed longitudinally and adj ustably of said nozzle and dry steam chamber, the discharge terminals of said nozzle and oil pipe being capable of contact one with the other, a collar bushing connecting said nozzle and oil pipe, and thermostatic control mechanism for eiecting the adjustment of said oil pipe and for regulating the supply of-oil to said oil pipe.

2. In an oil burner, a heated steam generator, means for supplying water under pressimultaneously with said pipe adjustment.

3. In an oil burner, a gas heated steam generator, water supply means for said generator, superposed steam chambersl communieating with each other and with said generator, a nozzle communicating with one of said steam chambers and having its discharge port located above and contiguous to said steam enerator, an oil supply pipe disposed with- 1n and adjustable longitudinally of and spaced from the last named steam chamber and the said nozzle, the discharge VVports of pipe.

said nozzle and oil pipe being capable of con-- tact one with the other by adjustment of said oil pipe, and thermostatic control mechanism for cl'lecting the said oil pipe adjustments and for regulating the supply of oil to said l. In an oil burner, a gas heated steam generator, water supply means for said generatol',` superposcd steam chambers communicating with each other and with said generator, a nozzle communicating with one of said steam chambers and having its discharge port located immediately above said steam generator, an oil supply pipe disposed within and adjustable longitudinally of and spaced from the last named steam chamber and the said nozzle, the discharge ports of said nozzle and oil pipe being capable of separable Contact one with the other by `adjustment of said oil pipe, a perforate ring interposed between the said nozzle and oil pipe and fixed to the later, adjacent the,discharge terminals thereof, and

lthermostatic control mechanism for effecting the said oil pipe adjustments and for regulating the supply of oil to said pipe correspondingly. y

5. In an oil burner, al steam generator, superposed steam chambers communicating with cach other and with said generator, a nozzle communicating with one of said chambers and disposed immediately above vand inclined toward said steam generator, a pilot for said generator, an oil supply pipe extending longitudinally of and adjustable With relation to said nozzle and one of said steam chambers, the discharge ports of said oil pipe and nozzle being capable of separable contact one with the other as said oil pipe is adjusted, and thcrmostatie control -mechanism for eifecting the said oil pipe adjustments and for regulating the supply, of oil to said pipe to correspond to said pipe adjustments.

G. In an oil burner, a steam generator, a water supply line therefor, a. water pressure diaphragm 1n said line, intercommunicatinfr steam cliambers communicating with said generator, a. pilot light for said generator,

zle adjacent the discharge ports of said members, a valved oil supply line communicating with said oil pipe, a valved gas line communieating with said pilot, valve control mechanism connecting said diaphragm amd the valves in said gas and oil lines, and thermostatic control mechanism for effecting the said oil pipe adjustments and for .regulating the supply of oil to said oil pipe to correspond to said pipe adjustments.

7. In' an oil burner, a steam generator, a water supply line therefor, a water ressure diaphragm in said line, superpose intercommunicating steam chambers communicating with said generator, a pilot for said generator, a. gas line for said pilot, means connecting said water diaphragm and gas line whereby the flow of gas therethrough is regulated by said diaphragm, a nozzle 1ntegral with one of said steam chambers and communicating therewith, an oil pipe within said nozzle and spaced from the wall thereof and adjustable with relation thereto, the disl char e ports of said nozzle and oil pipe being capa le of separable contact one with the other, a perforate collar bushing connecting said oil pipe and nozzle adjacent their discharge ends, an oil supply line for said oil pipe, connection between said water diaphragm and oil line whereby the flow of oil therethrough is controlled by said diaphragm, and thermostatic control mechanism for effecting the adjustment of said oil pipe and for regulating the flow of oil through said oil line to correspond to said adjustment.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aiiixed my signature.

' CHAS. R. SMITH.

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