US1683784A - Injector - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 1'1, `1928.

s. Lv KNEAss ET AL INJEcToR Find June s, 1925 2` Sheets-Sheet M mass.'

Sept. 141, 1928.

S. L. KNEASS ET AL INJECTOR med June 5, 1925 l2 sheets-snm 2 0 of tubes.

.z5 emciency of the injector is variable.

,Patented sept. 1i, 192s.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

BTRICKLAN'D L. INEASS .AND IRENE P. PEDRICX, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYL- VANIA, ASSIGNORS TO WILLIAM SELLERS & COMPANY, INCORPORATED, F PHILA- DELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION 0F PENNSYLVANIA.

INJECTCR.

Application mea :une 5, 1925. serial No. 35,151.

Our invention relates to an improvement in injectors and more particularly to injectors of the duplex type.

Injectors of the duplex type may include a set of primary tubes into which the water supply is inducted and forced by the energy of low pressure steam into a chamber containing the inlet to the combining tube of a secondary or forcing set of tubes where the '0 final impulse is given to discharge against vboiler pressure.

This type of injector may be supplied with lowpressure steam, usually and most economically from the exhaust of an engine, al-

5 though. when the supply from exhaust is not available or only intermittent. means may be provided for supplying the injector with live steam through a fixed orifice of less area than the steam discharge nozzle of the primary set Undervariable engine loads and conditions. the supply of low pressure steam from its exhaust has a pressure and quantity range of substantial scope. with the result that rltlie e variation of pressure frequently causes diiculty in forming a proper et in the low pressure set of tubes` on which the high pressure or forcing set depends for its supply of feed water. reduces the efficiency and may intereffect of variations in or excess of pressure til) fere with the operation of the injector.

Now it is an obj ect of our invention to provide an injector of the low and high pressure type and an operating mechanism and included valves whereby the disadvantageous of the low pressure steam supply may be eliminated by hand control of the low pressure steam entering the nozzle of the low pressure tubes and whereby its steam supply may be nicely regulated to the size of the feed water inlet area, the head or pressure, and the temperature of the water supply for the proper formation of an efiicient jet.

j Further objects of our invention are to provide mechanism for the operation of an injector which will be relatively simple and at the same time highly eiiicient and durable and means by which its movable and adjustable parts may be operated with little effort under highor low steam pressure or speed conditions of service.

Having now indicated, in a general way,

the nature and purpose of our invention, we will proceed to a detailed description therepf, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which we have illustrated a preferred embpdiment, and in which- Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an injector embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevation, partly in section, showing mechanism for the control of the injector shown in Fig. 1.

In. the drawings, the injector shown in Fig. 1 may be of the structure disclosed and claimed in an application for patent tiled by Strickland L. Kneass June 30, 1923, Serial No. 648,641, though it will be understood that our invention herein disclosed and claimed is not limited to the application to injectors of any particular structure.

a indicates a casing, provided with an opening b for the entry of low pressure exhaust steam into a chamber c, from the bottom of which extends a steam nozzle d. The nozzle d is spaced from the upper end of a combining tube e into which it discharges, the space between the nozzle and tube affording a downwardly extending annular inlet l for the admission of water to the combining tube from a waterl chamber g. Water is supplied to chamber g through an opening 'k ctontrolled by a plug valve c', provided with a s em y.

7c indicates a narrow lateral opening in the upper portion of the combining tube communicating with an overflow chamber l, while m, m indicate narrow lateral openings in the middle part of the tube and communicating with an overfiow chamber n. The overfiow chamber Z communicates with chamber n through a check valve, not shown, and chamber n communicates with atmosphere through a check valve, not shown, for example, as disclosed i'n an application for patent tiled by Strickland L. Kneass, Serial No. 551,091, filed April 10, 1922.

The primary set of tubes delivers to a live steam combining tube o through an opening p formed between the end of a live steam nozzle q and the lower end of the forcing combining tube.

The .delivery tube is provided with narrow lateral openings 7', 1" communicating with an overflow chamber s, which communicates with atmos here throuo'h a valve t.

The upper en of the delivery tube opens into a chamber u in communication with the boiler, a check valve u being provided to prevent reflux into the delivery tube.

The top of the low pressure steam chamber 0 is closed by means of a plug w in which 1s formed a cylinder m, provided at its upper end with vents y.

The upper end of the plugw is reduced in diameter and bored for the passa e of a valve stem s, on the lower end of w ich is threaded a valve 2. The valve 2 is provided with a conical seating surface 3 adapted to be seated on a beveled seat formed in the upper end of the low pressure steam nozzle ci. The body of the valve 2 extends below the seating surface 3 and is curved as shown in Fig. 1 in order to form with the wall of the nozzle d an annular passage of varying size into the nozzle roper.

The stem of t e valve is provided with a collar 6 a anst the under side of which bears a piston within cylinder ai. The collar is so positioned that when the valve 2 is closed the piston will lie at the lower end of the cylinder, where it is supported by a flan e 8; the area of the piston is proportione so that under the influence of pressure in the chamber c it will act on the stem to balance the effect of the pressure in chamber c on the valve 2, thus rendering it easy to admit steam to the nozzle 3 by raising the valve 2. The Aup er end 9 of the cylinder containing the ba ancing piston 7 is provided with a leak hole or vent y to the atmosphere or With'a vent 35 through the stem z and valve 2 to the interior of the tubes of the injector.

The valve stem z is packed by means of a stufling box o and has threaded on its upper end a bracket member provided with a pair of oppositely positioned ears 10, each slotted longitudinally as at 11. Within the slots 11 are slidably mounted blocks 12 through which pass a pin 13, which engages a lever 14 intermediate its ends.

One end of lever 14 is pivotally secured to an arm 15 extending from a collar 16 embracing the reduced portion of plug lw and rotatable about the lug. The other end of lever 14 is connected) to a link 17. Link 17 is connected to a vertically movable rod 18 guided by two plates 36 and 37, rigidly connected to the uprights 19, which, together with suitable mechanism, constitute an injector operating stand conveniently mounted in, for example, the cab of a locomotive.

A link 2O is pivotally connected at one end to rod 18 and at the other end to an arm of a bell crank 21, pivotally secured to a lug 22, the other arm of which forms an operatin handle 23 by which the valve 2 may be opene and closed. A notched quadrant 24 mounted on the upper plate 37 and a pawl 25 carried by lever 21 serve to position lever 21 for any desired opening of valve 2 and area of steam admission to low pressure nozzle 3.

Supportin land guided by plates 36 and 37 is a turna le rod 26 provided at its up er end with a hand wheel 27 and connecte at its lower end with a link 28, in turn connected through a universal connection 29 to the stem j of plug valve i. Manipulation of hand wheel 27 effects adjustment of valve z' oontrolling the supply of feed water.

second turnable rod 30 provided on its upper end with a handle 31 is connected at its lower end with a link 32, in turn connected through a universal connection 33 to a threaded stem 34 in which extends the stem of valve t. B these means, the final overflow valve may e held firmly to its seat.

The injector, so far as concerns the forcing, combining and delivery tubes, operates in the usual manner for delivery of feed water to a boiler. However, in accordance with our invention, the supply of low pressure steam to the primary set of tubes may be carefully regulated and controlled by means of the valve 2 so as to admit the requisite amount of low pressure steam to form an efficient 'et of combined steam and water in the com ining and delivery tubes.

We have determined also that .to obtain quickly a high vacuum of condensation of the steam by the entering water it is advantageous that the section of the inilowing steam e annular, as nearly as possible of the same size as, and conti ous to, the entering water; and this we obtain by the conoidal projection under valve 2. A short lift of this valve produces a narrow annular jet which is easily condensed and gives an initial impulse to the water entering the combiningtube,permitting a final quick admission of full steam volume.

Further, when high pressure steam is admitted to the supply pipe of the primary or low pressure set of tubes, the pressure therein builds up rapidly until contact with the entering water supply produces sufficient vacuum to increase the velocity of flow through nozzle 2 to reduce the pressure to normal low pressure limits. During this interim, the u ward pressure on the piston 7 balances t e downward and closing pressure on the valve 2, rendering it ea to open and regulate the amount of flow o steam to the primary set of tubes.

Having now fully described our invention, what we claim and desire to protect by Let ters Patent is:

1. In an injector, in combination, a primary set of tubes adapted for low ressure steam, a set of forcing tubes ada ted or high pressure steam, a valve contro ng the admission of feed water to the primary set of tubes, a low pressure steam chamber, a steam nozzle of large area affordin a passage for steam from said steam cham er to the prilub mary tubes, a valve adapted to seat on the upper end of said nozzle, said valve having a lower conoidal extension adapted to extend into said nozzle and adapted to proportionately regulate the area of discharge of said nozzle, a stem on said valve, a superimposed concentric cylinder in communication with said steam chamber and with atmosphere and a piston in said cylinder in slidable engagement with said stem.

2. In an injector, in combination, a primary set of tubes adapted for low pressure steam, forcing tubes adapted for high pressure steam, a steam nozzle of large area communicating with thev primary tubes, a valve a adapted to seat on the inlet end of said nozzle, a stem connected to said valve, a cylinder, a piston in said cylinder in slidable engagement with said stem and a stop on said stem limiting the movement of the piston relative thereto in one direction.

3. In an injector, in combination, a primary set of tubes adapted for low pressure steam, forcing tubes adapted for high pressure steam, a low pressure steam chamber, a steam nozzle of large area aifording a passage for steam from said chamber to said primary tubes, a valve manipulatable to con trol the admission ,of lsteam to said nozzle, a stem connected to said valve, a balancing piston slidably attached to said stem and means for limiting the movement of said piston relative to said stem in the direction of the opening movement of said valve.

4. In an injector, in combination, a primary set ofytubes adapted for low pressure steam, forcing tubesy adapted for high pressure steam, a low pressure steam chamber, a steam nozzle of large area affording a passage for steam from said chamber to said primary tubes, 'avalve manipulatable to con trol the admission of steam to said nozzle, a stem connected tofsaid valve, a cylinder in conmiunication with said chamber, a piston in said cylinder slidably connected to said stem and means for operatively connecting said piston to said stem in its movement in the direct-ion of opening of said valve.

5. In an injector, in combination, a primary set of tubes adapted for low pressure steam, forcing tubes adapted for high pressure steam, a low pressure steam chamber, a steam nozzle of large area aiii'ording a passage for steam from said chamber to said primary tubes, a valve manipulatable to control the admission of steam to said nozzle, a stem connected to said valve, a cylinder in communication with said chamber, a piston in said cylinder slidably connected to said stem,

Vmeans for operatively connecting said piston to said stem in its movement in thedirection of opening of said valve and means for limiting the extent of movement of said piston in the opening movement of said valve to a movement of less extent than the movement of said valve from closed to o en position.

6. In an injector, in comb1nat1on, a primary set of tubes adapted for low pressure steam, forcing tubes adapted for high pressure steam, means affording a supply of feed water to the primary tubes, a valve controlling the supply of feed water, means permitting overflow from the forcing tubes, a valve o forcing tubes, a low pressure steam nozzle of large area in communication with the pri mary tubes, a valve adapted to seat on the inlet end of said nozzle, a stem on said valve, a cylinder positioned above said valve, a piston in said cylinder slidably connected with said stem, means for limiting the movement of said piston relative to said stem in one direction, control means positioned remote `from said injector and connections between said control means and said valves respectivel whereby said valves may be manipulateds.,

In testimony of which invention, we have hereunto set our hands, at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on this 13th day of May, 1925.

STRICKLAND L. KNEASS.

IRENE P. PEDRICK.

r controlling the overiow from the I

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