US1678882A - Building blocks - Google Patents

Description

July 31, 1928. 1,678,882

D. F. SHQPE 7 BUILDING BLogKs 7 Filed Nov. 27. 1 925 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. ''1 13 I I 12 v I //4// J M E? Q W? y 17 k 9 [7 g a v I V 13 #15 l fig? fig! r W Y? I g y I WHHHWM I N VEN TOR:

ATTORNEY.

July 31, 1928. 1,678,882

7 D. F. SHO'PE BUILDING BLOCKS Filed Nov. 27. 1925 3 Sheets-Sheet 2v A TTORNE Y.

July 31,1928r 1,678,882

D. F. sHoPE BUILDING BLOCKS Filed Nov. 27, 1925 a Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig. 2/

/[Z.? I J10 /30 v f4 13 I INVENTOR:

' flay/'0 F 56 ATTORNEY.

' Patented July 31, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DAVID E. SHOPE, OF PORTLAND, OREGON, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T GLEN SHOPE PIGKENS, OF FORT SHERIDAN ILLINOIS, AND ONE-HALF TO BIBDIE SHOIPE SNY- DER, OE DULUTH, MINNESOTA:

BUILDING BLOCKS.

Application filed November 27, 1925. Serial No. 71,638.

terial. Another of the objects of the invention is to produce a heat resisting wall and at the same time a wall that w1ll not cause moisture to condense thereon. Another object is to provide means for filling in fractional POItIOBSOf blocks without mutilating the blocks themselves. Other objects of the invention w1ll be apparent from a consideration of the accompanying drawings and the following description thereof.

Of the drawings Fig. 1 is a plan view of one of the blocks, the view beingtaken from the underside thereof; Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are sections along the respective lmes 22, 33, and 4-4; Figs. 5 and 6 are per spective views of bricks which are used for fractional purposes when the dimensions of the space to'be filled in are less than the dimensions of the block of Fig. 1; Fig. 7 is an elevation of a wall formed of the b ocks; Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the wall along the line 8-8 of Fig. 9; and Fig. 9 IS a longitudinal section of a portion of the wall; Fig. 10 is a section along the line 10.10 of Fig. 7; Figs. 11 and 12 are elevations of modified types of walls; and Flgs. 13 and 14 are sections along the respective 'lines 1313 and 1414 of Figs. 11 and 12.

' openings 14 extending clear through the web. These two central openings 13 have flan cs 15 -which may be grasped by the han of the workman in handling the block and which thus provide a very convenient handle for manipulating these blocks, es-- pecially when being laid with the hollows opening downwardly. In order to strengthen the walls of the blocksI fill in the corners. 16 of the hollows as indicated,

adding strength to the walls 17 of the blocks. When the blocks are so formed the resistance to compressions it than a the block is substantially at a-maximum.

In building walls with these blocks the hollows are ordinarily turned downwardly with the blocks staggered as indicated in Figs. 7 and 9, and mortar or other cementitious material 20 is laced only under the outer longitudinal e ges of the walls. As a consequence there is no pressure on the webs which close the ends of the hollows so as to causefracture of these webs, and the compressibility of the wall is not to any material extent diminished. At the same time by placing the binding material over the outer longitudinal uprights the air is free to circulate, as indicated by arrows of-Fig. 9,

throughout the entire wall. .This provides for such circulation as to prevent dead pockets, and the hollows themselves, together with the circulation of the air, provides a very complete heat insulating wall; so that the heat is retained within the building. This is assisted materially by the use of cementitious material under the longitudinal risers rather than the inner ones or the transverse risers, as there is less material for the heat to travel through when passing from the inside to the outside of therwall. In buildin walls it frequently becomes necessary to in spaces which are smaller than" the individual blocks. tional blocks are provided, or the blocks are broken for this urpose, but either of these expedients is .o jectionable. The means which I provide for filling in such fractional spaces comprises'the furnishing of a smaller block or brick such as is illustrated by Figs. 5 and 6. These bricks are of such shape as to conveniently co-act with the main blocks in filling in the spaces. While I do not wish to be limited to any particular dimensions, Iyget, in this instance, I prefer to provide a rick 24 which is as long and as high but which is only about one fourth as wi e or deep. I also. provide liricks 25 which are as as the block 9 is wide .and which are as.

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high as the block, but the width of/ which is onl a small fraction of the length of the main block, preferably about one sixth. Merely to illustrate, the block 9 may be substantially 12' X 8" X 4", the block 24, 12'' X 4" X 2?, and the block 25,8 X 4" X 2". Thus, not only may the small bricks be .used as fillers for fractional spaces but Often frac their dimensions are such that there seldom needs to be any inconvenience in filling, and they can be easily broken into shorter lengths when necessary.

As indicated in Fig. 7, the blocks 9 being staggered, even though the window sill may abut against one of the blocks, yet the spaces above and below will need to be filled in with smaller or fractional blocks. In this case bricks 24 may be used to fill in the half space-above the window sill and the block 9 on the left, these bricks being placed flatwise and hence filling in, with a suitable amount of mortar, between the sill and the overlying blocks. Similarly with, the fractional spaces on the right-hand side of the window sill, they are conveniently filled by broken bricks 26 in the manner indicated, the bricks beauty or waterproofing, certain surfaces of the bricks are correspondingly finished; so

extending longitudinally in the wall.

Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate other walls which may be laid with my bricks and blocks. In Fig. 11 the blocks are laid transversely, and the filling in of the spaces ad-' j acent the sills is provided for by the broken bricks 27 and 28. In case of blocks having finished or processed outer surfaces for that the appearance of the wall is not affected by the use. of bricks .in place of the blocks. That is, the outer surfaces of the bricks 27 are finishedwhilethe inner bricks 28 need have no finished surfaces.

Fig. 12 shows another design of wall in which the blocks are staggered and run longitudinally with transverse bricks 25 between the adjacent ends of the blocks. In this case a broken brick 29 and 30 may be used for filling in adjacent the sill 40.

I claim:

A wall of building blocks, each of the blocks having hollows therein, and each having openings near its longitudinal central and the adjacent underlying blocks, whereby air can circulate through the blocks, and between the adjacent interior side portions of the blocks, from the bottom of the wall to the top.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto set my hand.

DAVID E. SHOPE.

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