US1676451A - Packing or filling body - Google Patents

Description

Patented July l0, 1928.

Unirse. STATES Partnreasier...)

FMDRICH tires. QF. .Oniiiiwsan PACKING on riLnrNd-BQDY;

Application filed December 18, 1192s, :Seria1,No.v756,646, and in .Germany October 6, 1924.

This invention `relates -.to building bricks or blocks/for use in the construction of packing or filling walls or gratings, suoli as flue walls ,employed in heat exchange appara-tus and v.plan-ts, and in .the filling of chambers, towers and Vthe like employed for various metallurgical, chemical and similar .purposes.; land it is one of the important objects of the invention `to provide building bricks or blocks so constructed that a. wall or grat# ing having .a great heating and reactionsurface may be huilt .and .easy access may @be obtained to the passages and `channels in the wall produced Iby the assembled rows 4of .bricks or blocks.r f'lhe invention is directed in particu-1arte building bric-ks ,or blocks for 'flue Walls in which the 'gases or reagents are given a toi'tuous'or .twisted path with a view vof producing a thorough inlteriningliiig of the gases, yfluids or the like passingthrongh `the particular space. For .the purpose inen- ,tioned of producing .,tortuons passages in blast heatersand .similar heat `exchange ap.- paratus, hollow/bricks orined'lwitfh lspiral blades and flutes have 'been sugge'sted.y With such bricks there is the objection, however, Athat' their manufacture is` very-.diiiicult and consequen-,tly .expensivdfthat they v[are .of delicate structure :and therefore easily broken, v.and 'that they. present anf.excessive `resistance to the passage of the fluids', While the channels,` .passagesl or portsproduced by the `assemblage vol? .such .bricks do not .allow access to the saine'ior cleaning purposes.-

The present invention provides a building brick or block which .overcomes vthese lobjections, and .which is suitable'for the erection vof Waills .and l'ratings 'in producers and other heat .exchange apparatus and io'r ,equivalent purposes, and which .comprises .a -substairf tially y,quadri foliateshaped ibody formed on its outer'surfac'e ywith ribs and -Vflutes .in Isuch manner `'that upon the assemblage ori? la V.plurality of such bodies or bricks spiral-like tortuous passages'are produced. The V:bricks orblocks are so constnucted that these tortuous` .passages niaywb'e arranged to wind, spiral-like, in .either a right handlora'left `hand Adiiectioi'i,foiflin .both .directions one and `the sanieival'l'. TheY bricks or blocks, While strong and capable .of being lshipped without .damagefare comparatively light in weight', allowing .a wall of great strength :to 'be .economically built. The construction lof the blocks is such as to provide' ribs and Hates, which may be ,of such #form or' shape asfto'present riaiiles, subjeetingft'he iiuids to'V a 4zigzag 'line vof travel `and 'more e-iiective whirling' and mixing action in their Vcourse of flow. The construction oi the bricks or blocks is Aiurtlier suoli that the channels or of a .wall or grating, made `from blocks of' lthe type shown in Figures i, -2 and 3.

eferring now more particularly to 4the drawings, 'a and a .designate building bricks or `blocks constructed in. yaccordance with my invention. Each .of these :blocks comprises .abody of .some material thicknessyand, as

shown, .each block .ci -is formed upon its eX;-

terior` with .annular seri-es of 'alternately arranged .diagonally disposed and spiral like :ribs .b and spiral like grooves or lflutes c between .said ribs, having' four similar ribs 'Z2 :and fou-r .similargrooves or flutes o, oit

.such shape as .to .make lit of quadrifoliate form Lin horizontal transverse section, but

the numberjof ribs and grooves may .be varied with a correspondingv variation oit passages formed thereby may the readily ilf .the cross-sectional shape. .lfwlocksuY di-lfer from blocks ain tliateach block a has two grooves or flutes c2 Ilike the grooves or flutes o and two groovesfor flutes of -adifferent form from .the tintes e, 021 Each block a anda also has a pair ofsu-pplemental triangular-shaped .grooves or flutes c4 corninunicating with 4each groove or flute 0,' c2,

said 'grooves or iiutes ci .openinggthrough the opposite ends of the block andintersecting' thends ofthe groove c or c2 at' opposite -side'sof the latter. 'The grooves or flutes c4, as shown, extend l oblique-lyto the groove c orc2 Vwith which ,they communicate, and atV a diagonal Aangle or in a spiral direction.

with respect to' lthe' axis-oi the block, which is the reverse of that of the `groove cor c?. The grooves c'4 expand each groovec, c2 at its ends and provide i-or ,aj vproper connection between superposedV blocks oi"l thev courses in a wall v.tovv'id'en the liuc or chanlll Vlatei'ally of their general line of flow, in a zig-zag manner, so as to secure a better mixing action of the gases. The blocks are designed to be laid in courses in the usual manner to form agrating or .wall withthe ribs of adjacent blocks abutting, so that like flutes of yadjacent blocks register, the

rflutes c and c2 forming spiral-like passages or channels and the `flutes@3 straightperpendicular passages or channels throughout the wall. These, spiral-like channels may all wind in the lsaine directions, either clockwise or counterclockwise, about the blocksV or they may wind alternately in opposite directions, i. e., consist. of. bothfright and left hand spirals, about the blocks. As shown, the flutes c and 02 ofbloelrs a and ai are contracted or narrowed centrally of the block` and thencegflare.:toV a Afunnel-shape formationat their ends `toward the top and bottom portions of the blocks, and, as 4shown by blocks (L, the flutes c are narrowed .at their ends and lwidened or expanded centrally` of their length.Y When blocks a are alone used in tiers, channels or passages are formed by all their flutes whichva-realter nately contracted and expandechthe points of contraction being within the blocks Yand the points of expansion' in line with the joints ,between superposed rows of blocks, vwhile lwhen blocks :ay-f are alone used the points ofcontractionand expansion will be inthe flutesV bothv .at the joints and within the block bodies. By using both kinds of blocks a and a( in the constructionof a wall or grating,variations.V in the arrangement of the points of conti'action andexpans'ionmay be obtained, as willV be readily understood. Gases flowing through the passages will thus be contracted and expanded in.V their flow, preventing their too rapidflow, while at the saine time'preventing undue resistance to their flow, so that. their flow .velocity may be automatically. controlled 'to any exact .degree desired.V vThe walls of the flutes c and c2, having the triangular-shaped supple mentary grooves or flutes c4, provide riffles c at the angle of 4intersection of the grooves, givingL an increased tortuous flow to .the gases, whereby a more thorough agitation and cominingling ofthe gases is obtained. It will be observed that each 'groove c3. is of a form corresponding to the .portions of connecting grooves c Yof, two superposed blocks across the ointand between the contracted intermediate portions of the grooves c of the two blocks.- As'thus formed the groove consists Vof two parallel communicating grooves c5, 0,6 each shallow `at one end and of gradually increasing depth toward its opposite end; The shallow end of each groove communicates rwith the .deep end of the two.

. suggest.

are set up,.a passage of quadrifoliate form isformed between the adjacent faces of the four blocks andthat each passage is eX- panded at points and contracted at points, for the purpose described. The form of the grooves e of blocks twill produce spiral-like passages throughawall formed of superposed courses, while the grooves c, c3 of blocks a will respectivelyform straight and spiral-like passages through the courses.

vThe grooves 0, c2 vand cawill alsoproduce straight passages perpendicular to the plane of the courses' and `spiral-like vpassages grouped `about .thel ystraight or perpendicular passages.. By this means'a very effective swirling .motion and intermixture of the traveling-'fluids is secured. The swirling and Aintermixing effect is .further intensified by the production of the rililes c', o7 formed by surfaces between adjacent flutes or grooves. It will vbe understood that lin the case of either block wor a', a reversal of the block, endto end, willrresult in a change in the direction of the spiral-like fiutes. 7 Hence by use of the same blocks, all the :passages'or .channels in'awall may be made of righthand spiral-like formation, or of left-hand spiralflike formation, vor a combination of In blast heaters itis desirable lto'have different sizesandweights of Wall structures and heating areasfat different points. \By

the use of blocks-made' according to this in# vention this yobject may :easily'beaccomplished by employing differentV sizes .of

Yblocksxand by varyingI the depths vof the ribs and flutes' and the configuration' thereof; and, it4 thereby. becomes possible to. yprovide ychannels or passages; with varying sectional areas and dimensions vor with alternatingly vdifferent dimensions from-top to bottom of the walls. 1 f.

It shouldbe pointed outfin this connectiony that the invention is not restricted rto the particular configuration, arrangement and relative sizes of blocks herein shownfand vdescribed by way of exempliication only,f

and that modifications and changes may occur as varyingconditions of applicationV may Noris the invention restricted to the applicationy of such blocks in the packing of producers and the like; Vbut it may `be applied,'wherever the heat value or the` chemical activity of gases, fluids and liquids lith i the claims hereunto appended.

are utilized by the provision of extended Contact surfaces, and Within the ineaning of It is, of course, understood that in their preferred form the blocks Willbe made of refractory, fireproof material.

I claim:-

l. A building block comprising a quadrifoliate-shaped body provided upon its exterior at quarter points With alternately arranged and longitudinally extending ribs and flutes, one or more of' the `flutes having expanded portions and Contracted portions.

2. A building block comprising a body provided upon its exterior with longitudinally extending spirallike ribs and flutes,l

3. A building block comprising a body provided upon its exterior with longitudieaehflute being contracted at a point in its length and provided with riles.

4. A building block comprising a substantially quadrifoliate-shaped body provided upon its exterior With alternately arranged and longitudinally extending spirallike ribs and flutes, each flute having expanded end portions and a contracted central portion.

5. A building block comprising a body provided upon its exterior vvith longitudinally extending and alternately arranged spiralelike ribs and flutes, each flute having expanded end portions and contracted central portion, said expanded'end portions being provided With rifles.

20 -nally extending spiral like ribs and flutes,

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