US1676274A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

.w. MILLER OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 W. F. MILLER July 10, 1928.

OIL BURNER Filed Aug. 4, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patente July 10, 1928.

WILLIAM. F. MILLER, 01 BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed August 4, 1927. Serial No. 210,569.

This invention relates generally to improvements in oil burners but more particularly to oil burners of the centrifugal type.

One of its objects is the provision of an efficient and economical burner of this character which can be readily installed in furnaces now in use without materially altering their construction.

Another object of the invention is to provide simple and effective means for conveniently regulating the air supply to the burner for intimately mixing it with the atomized fuel.

A further object'is the provision of a 1 domestic oil burner which is simple, compact and inexpensive in construction, which is designed to burn a low grade cheap oil and at the same time produce a maximum amount of heat, and whose parts are so 2 organized and arranged as to require no adjustments after installation.

Other features of my invention reside in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and particularly 2 pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of a furnace showing my improved burner installed therein. Figure 2 is a horizontal section thereof on line 2-2, Figure 1. Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmentary'vertical sect-ion of the burner taken in the plane of line 3-3,

Figure 2. Figure 4 is a transverse vertical section taken on line 4-4, Figure 3. Figure 5 is a transverse vertical section on line 55, Figure 3. Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

My improved burner is shown installed in a domestic furnace 10 of any well known construction and including the ash pit 11,

the -combustion chamber 12 and the grates 13. Supportedon the grates is a base plate 14 having a central opening 15 for the admission of air to the burner and bounding this opening is an upright rim or collar 16 upon which a' sleeve 17 is adjustably mounted, the latter terminating at its up per end in a ring 18 whose opening 19 registers with the openings'of said plate and said sleeve and through which the air is admitted into the combustion chamber for mixing it with the fuel issuing from the burner. A filling of sand 20 or similar material is arranged in the space between the base plate 14 and the ring 18. Surmounting the ring 18 in axial alinement therewith is a revolving burner plate or atomizing 60 disk 21 which is somewhat larger in diameter than the ring-opening 19 and which is secured to the upper end of an upright, hollow shaft 22 journaled at its lower end in a casing 23 located in the ash-pit of the furnace and driven from a horizontal driving shaft 24 through the medium of bevel gears 25, 26. Said driving shaft may be driven by an electric motor 27. On its underside the atomizing disk has a plurality of radial fan blades 28 which extend into the ring-opening l9 and which direct the air stream coming upwardly through the base plate outwardly around the periphery of the disk. i

For the purpose of regulating the amount of air to be admitted through the ring-opening 19 to the periphery of the atomizing disk, the sleeve 17 is vertically-adjustable on the collar 16 to move its ring 18 towardor from the bottom of the disk and thereby var the air space 29 between the latter and sai ring. To this end, the lower edge of the sleeve has a series of cam faces 30 which engage one or more studs 31 projecting from the collar 16, as shown in Figure 1. By turning the sleeve in one direction or the other, it is accordingly raised or lowered and may be held in a fixed position for a given installation bya set screw 32.

The bore 33 of the upright shaft 22 forms a passage for conducting the oil under pressure to the top of the atomizing disk 21, from which it is thrown by centrifugal force, atomized and mixed with the stream of air delivered by the fan blades 28 through the space 29. At its lower end this shaftpassage communicates with an opening or intake 34 formed in the bottom of the easing 23 and connected by a pipe-35 with the outlet side of-a suitable gear pump '36, the inlet sidethereof being connected to a pipe 37 leading to a fuel tank 38 located below the floor line, as shown in Figure 1. This gear pump is preferably mounted on the cover plate 39 of the casing, one of its gears being secured to the motor-shaft 24. Surrounding the shaft 22 is a bearing sleeve 40 which rises from the top of the casing and is held thereon by a clamping nut 41.

Means are provided for lubricating the bearings of the burner mechanism and to this end the gear casing is formed with an integral lubricant chamber 42 in which the gears 25, 26 are immersed and from which the lubricant is circulated to the bearings by a suitable pump mechanism. In the embodiment shown in the drawings, reference being bad to Figures 3 and 5, a plate 43 is interposed between said casing and its cover plate 39 and on its inner face is provided with a chamber 44 in which is arranged an impeller 45 driven by the motor-shaft 24 and cast integral with the bevel gear 26, if desired. The body of this gear has inlet openings 46 therein by which the lubricant is drawn from the chamber 42 into the impeller chamber 44, and the surrounding wall of the latter has a tangential passage 47 for the discharge of the lubricant to the bearings. A pipe 48 connects this discharge passage with the lower end of the bearing sleeve 40 while a pipe 49 containing a vent 50 connects the upper end of the latter with the lubricant chamber'42, whereby a constant circulation of the lubricant through the bearings is thoroughly effected.

Extending upwardly through the sand filling 20 is a gas pipe 51 having a pilot burner 52 at its upper end for initially lighting the oil burner.

If the oil burner should for any reason go out, means are provided for automatically opening the motor switch 53 and stopping the burner mechanism. This is preferably accomplished providing an oil discharge pipe 54 which delivers the unburnt or surplus oil thrown 03 the atomizing disk 21 to a bucket 55 suspended from the end of a weighted lever 56 which normally maintains the switch 53 closed. When sufiicient oil drips into the bucket to overbalance the weighted lever, the switch is automatically opened, thereby cutting off the motor and arresting the movements of the mechanisms governed by it.

As shown in Figures 1 and 4, the fuel outlet pipe 35 of the ump 36 has a branch 57 which leads to the uel tank 38 and which contains a regulating valve 58 for controlling the amount of fuel flowing through it.

, By this arrangement only a part of the oil is pumped at a low pressure through the hollow shaft to the atomizing disk. Furthermore, those horizontal portions of the inlet and outlet pipes immediately adjoining the pump 36 are below the plane of the corresponding remaining portions of such pipes, whereby the pump is rendered selfaevaa'm priming and prompt starting of the burner at all times is insured.

The operation of the burner is as follows After lighting the pilot gas burner 51, the motor switch 52 is closed and the atomizing disk 21 is rotated at a high speed. At the same time the oil is drawn from the tank 38 by the gear pump 36 and forced upwardly through the hollow shaft 22 to the top face of the atomizing disk, where it is spread uniformly 'thereover by centrifugal forceand thrown from the edge of the disk in the form of a mist or vapor. This thoroughly atomized fuel is then intimately mixed with the air stream forced through the air space 29 by the fan blades 28, the sleeve 17 having been previously adjusted to admit the proper amount of air to insure the ready combustion of the oil. Shortly after starting up the motor the combustible mixture becomes ignited by the pilot burner which can thereafter be shut off. The desired amount of oil delivered to the burner for regulating the same may be controlled by a valve 59 arranged in the oil pipe 35. This improved burner produces a flame of large area and delivers a maximum amount of heat at a minimum expenditure of power and at a low fuel cost, inasmuch as it has been designed to operate efliciently on a heavy, cheap grade of oil.

' 1 claim as my invention 1. An oil burner, comprising a base member adapted to be supported on the grates of a furnace and having an opening for the passage of air and a rim bounding said opening, a casing disposed below said base plate, a hollow, upright shaft journaled in said casing and extending through the opening in said base member, an atomizing disk carrying fan blades on its underside applied to the upper end of said shaft, the top surface of said disk being slightly convex and unflanged, means for rotating the shaft, means for forcing oil upwardly through said shaft on to said atomizing disk, and a sleeve applied to said base rim and provided at its upper end and below the atomizing disk with a ring, said sleeve being vertically adjustable toward and from said disk to vary the air space between it and the sleeve-ring, and the atomizing disk extending outward- 1y beyond the ring-opening and the fan blades thereof extending into said ring-open- 2. An oil burner, comprising a base member adapted to be supported on the grates of a furnace and having an opening therein for the passage of air, a second member including a top flange surmounting the base member and having an opening therein in alinement with the opening in said base member, a casing disposed below the latter, a hollow upright shaft journaled in said casma am ing and extending through the openings in the aforesaid members, an atomi zing disk applied to the upper end of said shaft and carrying fan blades on its underside extend- 5 ing into the opening in said second member, said disk being larger in diameter than said last-named opening and spaced from the top flange of the second member to provide an air space, means for forcing oil upwardly through the shaft onto the atomizing disk,

means for rotatingsaid shaft, and an overflow disposed beneath the periphery of the flange of said second member, the surplus oil flowing from the atomizing disk onto said flange and thence into the overflow.

WILLI F. BHLLER.

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