US1663667A - Oil and gas burner - Google Patents

Description

March 27, 1928.

M. MADSEN OIL AND GAS BURNER Filed Feb. 25. 1926 Z3 zz 20 253/ 2/ 7 if J /I L/TOJ MAE T/N MA D'SEN, .BY'

A Trap Patented Mar. 27, 1928 FA E oFF e.

MARTIN iunn'snn,v or MONTER PARK, cAniroRNIA.

' on. Ann ens BURNER. i

Application filed February 25, 1926. Serial 110.90, 166.

' My invention has todowith a novel burner suitable for use in ranges, stoves, furnaces and the like, and is constructed for using either oil or gas as a fuel. In certain types of ranges such as are employed in restaurants, it is highly desirable that the entire gridbe heated to a uniform temperature. In the ordinary form of burner an even heating of the grid is not obtained, since these burn- 1Q ers' tend to produce localized heat.

' It is animportant object of this invention to provide a :burner which will evenly dis tribute heat over the entire area of a grid. The burner of my invention employs a secondary air passage to which I attribute much.

of theeven distribution of heat. This secs ondary air passage supplies air which 'accomplishes a sort of secondary combustion when it mixes with the fuel.

It is another object of my inventionto provide a burner of this character which is very efficient in operation, but which is cheap to produce and may therefore be ofi'ered to the public at a low price.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will be manifested hereinafter.

Referring to the drawing in which I illustrate a preferred embodimentof my invention,

' ploying a burner of thisinvention.

Fig. 2 isan enlarged fragmentary section of the forward end of the range of Fig.1 and showing clearly the details of my invention. l

Fig. 3 is a front View taken as indicated by the arrow 3 of Fig. 2, this vie'w being partially sectioned to show certain details.

- Fig. an. a section taken substantially as indicated' by the line H of Fig. 2 and in the direction of the indicating arrows.

The form of my invention shown in the drawing is adapted to be used in a rangell having a combustion chamber 12 which is situated below a grid 13. Gases of combustion are withdrawn from the combustion chamber 12 .at the rear part thereof through a vent pipe 1 1. At the forward part of the combustion chamber 12 there isan enlarged part 15. The forward part of the part 15 of the-combustion chamber 12 is divided into a plurality of burner compartments 17 by means of partitions 18. The burner compartments 17 communicate with the'eXterior of the range 11 by means of mouths 19; I

In each burner compartment 17 there is Fig. 1 is a sectionthrough a range emplaceda burner 20 embodying the features of this invention.

extends along the bottom of theburnercom-' partment 17 and is curved upwardly at "23 as illustrated in Fig. 2. The body 21 is also provided with a septum plate 25 which" extends parallel to the bottom wall 22'and is spaced a distance thereabove. The septum plate 25 dividesfthe 1nouth'19 into a.pri-- m'ary draft passage 27 anda secondary draft passage 28. The secondary draft passa'ge 28 communicates with the combustion chainber 12' through an opening 29 formed bethe upward curved end 23 of the bottom wall 22. The septum plate-'25 and the lower wall 22-fare connected together by vertical-side walls 31. At the forward part of. the body 21 and at opposite sides thereof are vertical legs 32 which are adjacent tothe partitions 18. Extending outwardly from the'legs 32 and the forward part of the'body 21 are flanges 33 which engage a front wall 34 of the range-11. Bolts 36 are provided for securing the body 21 in place, these bolts 36 extending through the flanges 33 and into the front wall 34 of the range 11.

Positioned above the mouth 19 1S3}. head 38 of the burner 20. A 'portion39 ofrectangularcross section 'of the head 38 rests in a cavity 40 directly above the mouth 19. The portion 39 is provided with a fuel Chilll'l ber42- Fuel is supplied to the chamber 42 through a lower wall of the portion 39. of

the head 38. 'Screwedintothese threaded openings 48 are threaded extensions 50 of nozzles 51'. The'nozzles 51lhave heads 52 connecting to the primary draft passage 27..

As illustrated in Fig.2, each orifice 53has tween the'end of the. septumplate' 25 and Each burner 20 has a body 21 which. has a lower wall 22 which g .100 which project vertically downward into the a horizontal portion which connectswith a.

vertical portion so that fuel is directed hori-' zontally into the primary draft passage 27 in the direction of the passage of air there-v through. Y Secured to the front of the burner is a shell or hood 55 having a curved front wall 56 and plane side walls 57. Extending outwardly from the side walls 57 are flanges 58 through which outer portions of the bolts 36 extend. Openings"59'are' provided in the flanges 58 through which the bolts 36 extend, these openings being enlarged at the lower ends thereof so that the heads of the bolts 36 may pass therethrough when the shell 55 is raised and moved outwardly, this permitting the removing of the shell, 55. The shell 55 is provided .so that air drawn through the primary and secondary draft passages 27 and 28 will be taken from above.

The operation of my invention is as follows: I

As stated in the preamble, the burner of my invention may use either an .oil or gas as a fuel.

is opened. The fuel, which we will assume is gas in this instance, passes through each of the nozzles 51 into the primary draft passage 27. The gas issues from the nozzles 51 in the form of streams which are directed horizontally and which tend to produce a draft. This gas passes into the large part of the combustion chamber where it maybe ignited.

The gas is quite thoroughly IDIXQCl with the air passing through the primary draft passage 27 and a comparatively efficient combustion takes place in the enlarged part 15 of the combustion chamber 12. A passage of air is established through the secondary draft passage 28, this passage of air flowing as indicated by arrows 60. It should be noted that this flow of air tends to confine itself to the area of the cdinbustion chamber 12 near the lower wall thereof. This air flows from the large part 15 of the combustion chamber 12 and gradually mixes with the gas therein. By the time the rear part of the combustion. chamber 12 is reached, the secondary flow of air, that is, the flow of air passing through the secondary draft passage 28 is thoroughly mixed with the gas and a sort of secondary combustion takes place. In other words, the primary flow'of air which flowsthrough the primary draft passage27 mixes immediately with the gas upon its entrance into the burner compartments l7,there being a plurality of these,as indicated, in Figs. 3 and 4, and

supports combustion in the forward part of the combustion chamber 12. The secondary flow of air. does not mix with the gas at the extreme forward part of the combustion chamber 12, but mixes with it atjthe central and rear parts thereof. This supports, combustion atthe rear part of the combustion chamber, and gas which would not ordinarily be used is burned in the rear part of the combustion chamber 12.

In actual experience I have found that This fuel is supplied through the pipe 45 to the chamber 12 when the valve 16 the burner of my invention is extremely effective in e. ually distributing heat over the grid 13 an that at any point thereon the temperature is substantially the same as at any other point. This is a desirable'advantage, since it renders more area of the grid 13 utilizable in cooking than would be possible if there were only localized heated areas of the grid such as is the case inordinary burners. The burner of my. invention I find is highly eflicient and I believe that this results from. a very thorough mixing ofgas and air. It is thought that this thorough mixing isaccomplished by ex: tending the nozzles 51 into the primary draft passage 27 and by directing the gas or fuel in a direction of the flow of air there-f through.

As previously mentioned, the shell 55, of-

each burner is provided sothat thisburner will take air only from an upward direction. I have found in rangesv employing an oven that, when the oven is opened, smoke there from (when the shell 55 is not provided.) is drawn through the draft passages27 and 2S, interfering with the operation of the b ul?n er- With the 81181155111 place, all this diflower wall 22 of the body 21.. As illustrated in Figs. 1 and'2, the forward part of V i the lower wall 22 is provided with lip; 61 which makes it possible to retain liquid thereon. This body of priming liquid is ignited and the septum plate 25 which serves also as a generating plate is heated, and as distillate is supplied through the nozzles 51 it isvaporized and the igniting thereof immediately takes place. Thisvolatilized distillate, of course, mixes with the air in the same manner as the gas, and practically the same action as in the case of using gas as a fuel takes place when distillate is used.

From the foregoing description it is no table that one important feature of myinvention resides in the fact that the burner of my invention has what we may consider a primary and secondary stage of combustion, and because of this the burner is effective in distributing a uniform' heat to all portions of the grid 13. Another important feature of the invention is its efficiency which is thought to be effected by the ar-' rangement of the nozzles 51 and the primary and secondary draftfpassages 27 and .28.

. Since the passage of air through the secondary draftpassage 28 mixes with an 1111- used gas at the rear part of the combustion chamber 12 and allows it to ignite, there is an increase of efiiciency.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a burner, the combination of: walls forming a combustion chamber, and a mouth connecting said combustion chamber to the exterior; a body situated in said mouth, and

extending a considerable distance into said combustion chamber, said body dividing said mouth into a primary draft passage communicating directly with the forward portion of said combustion chamber, and a secondary draft passage communicating directly with said combustion chamber rearwardly of said primary passage; a body disposed above said mouth; a-nd a nozzle carried by said last-named body, said nozzle projecting into said primary passage for supplying fuel thereto. a

2. In a burner, the combination of: 'walls forming a combustion chamber, and a mouth connecting said combustion chamber to the exterior; a body sltuated in said mouth,

- and extending a considerable distance into said combustion chamber, said body dividing said mouth into a primary draft passage communicating directly with the forward portion of said combustion chamber, and a secondary draft passage communicating di-.

rectly with said combustion chamber rearwardly of said primary passage; a body disposed above said mouth; and a nozzle carried by said last-named body, said nozzle projecting vertically into said primary passage for supplying fuel thereto.

3. In a burner, the combination of: walls forming a combustion chamber, and a mouth connecting said combustion chamber to the exterior; a body situated in said mouth, and extending a considerable dis tance into said combustion chamber, said body dividing said mouth into a primary draft passage communicating directly with the forward portion of said combustion chamber, and a secondary draft passage communicating directly with said combustion chamber rearwardly of said primary passage; a body disposed abovesaid mouth; and a plurality of nozzles'carried by said lastnamed body, said nozzles projecting vertically into said primary passage for supplying fuel thereto. 6

4. In a burner, the combination of: walls forming acombustion chamber, and a mouth connecting said combustion chamber tothe exterior; a body situated in said mouth, and

extending a considerable distance'into said combustion chamber, said body dividing said mouth into a primary draft passage communicating directly with the forward portion of said combustion chamber, and a a mouth into a primary draft passage comv municating directly with the forward portion of said combustion chamber, and a secondary draft passage communicating directly with said combustion chamber rearwardly nozzle extending downward from a top wall of said mouth into said primary draft pas sage, in such a manner that the fuel issuing therefrom mixes directly with air passing through said primary draft passage.

of said primary draft passage; and a fuel I l In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 18th day of February, 1926.

MARTIN MADSEN.

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