US1661195A - Balanced pump - Google Patents

Description

March 6, 1928.

` A. F. PARKER BALANCED PUMP Filed Jan. 9, 1923 aww/w10@ L15? Parker mi RqerbvvQL-l March 6, 1928.

A. F. PARKER BALANCED PUMP Filed Jan. 9, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar.Y 6, 1928.Y

UNITE-Dm EFS ,PATENT Orr-#ws ADELBEBT F. PARKER, or QGDEN, una; vinrmini;l M. PARKER anmms'raernfoj o THE `sainAiin'inn1511er F. Paulina, DECEAMSED.

Baumann Pour.

Application illed January 9, 1923. Serial 11o. 611,584. l

i The present invention relates; to `im rovements in pumps, and has for'itswomectto provide a device of this charactergwhichcan be utilized for pumping any kind of `al liquid or gaseous medium, and whichfembodies novel features of construction, `whereby `a.

high degree of eliiciency is-obtaineth land the surges, back lash or water hammer. foc- `curring in the discharge pipe: are absorbed l0 and dissipated sothat but little ofvsuch sudden shocks is felton thepower unitoperatingA the pump."

`Amongthe objects of thevinventioniis to provide a pump which embodies novel bal- 15 ancing n1eans,wl1ereby the internal priessures caused by the head against which the pump isacting are equalized` at all posi tions of the pump Whetherthe pump 1s working or at resta: This favoidsfthenecessity `oi" using extra power to overcome `this pressure head when operatingthe pum and enables the ump to,l be `operatedby t ewuse `of just a su cientamountof powerto overcome inertia `and friction and to elevate the fiuid being pumpedfrom the source lof supply to theheight of the pumpn There 1s thus no waste of energy in `overcoming the pressure! in the `column atf the pump 1outlet, and thexpum can fbe operated with the By'making appropriate fmodieations in the details of construction, the idea can:` be

embodied in any 'of the conventional forms of pumps, and for `illustrative i purposes .the invention :isfshownfonthe drawings and described in the specificationas `embodied fin a vertical typeof pump. It will-` beunderstood, however, thatfI `do i not4 restrict `my.- self to the exact` details of construction which have been illustrated on the drawings for the purposeof disclosing the idea of the invention, since' the inventionis susceptlble of many different"v embodiments, and many modifications and changes can' be made within the scope of the claims without departing from the spirit ofltheiinvention.` o

For ai full understanding of the invention reference is to be had Ito the following description` and accompanying drawings in which, W f f w Figure 1 is atop plan viewofwa vertical type of pump which is constructed in ac cordance with the invention. i i

Figure 2 is a vertical i sectional view expenditure o "a minimum amountfotpower.`

through the purnpfon theline 2-`-2 ofllig- Figure 3 isavertical sectional view through Y the pump on the line 33` of Figure 1.

#Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view through the"`- pump `on the line l)L -4f `*of Figure 1.

Corresponding andlike parts are referred to inf the following description and indicated on all of the views of the like reference characters. w A

A vertical type o'i" `the pump which embodies the invention .illustrated by Figdrawings by `ures i1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings. This is a duplex pump* and has twocperating units which are similar and complemental -in construction, beingarranged side by sideso that they discharge through acommon outlet pipe, thereby giving a substantially1` continuous outfiow of water. Each of theunits includes a pair of spaced) and parallel upright cylinders, the cylinders of one unit being-designated -by the reference numerals 1and2, and the corresponding cylindersiof the otherunit being designated bythe reference numerals 3 and 4; One oftheunits is shown in detail by Figure 3 While-lthe other unit is shownvjin detail by Figuren. Cylinderl of theunit shown byFigurehB corresponds to the cylinderi of the unit ushown by Figure 4,"wl1il`e the cylinder Qrof `Figure 3 corresponds to the cylinder-4` of Figure 4. -All four of the cylinders :are connected atthe top and communicate with anupwardly extending outlet pipe 5; As`- sociatjediwith the `outlet pipe 5 is a'conventionalfair dome `6` which operates in `the usual manner to assistiin obtaining `an even How of "water throughthe outlet. '1

Mounted withfn each of the cylinders l` and 3 apairof pistons 7 and18, said pistons being both provided Withlu wardly opening check valves 9L* Extendlng` upwardly `from the respectivepistons 7 and 8 are the iston rods 10 and 11, the piston rod l10 of `t 1e upper pistonwhaving` a tubular formation and slidably receiving the piston rod 111 of the lower piston:` The lower end of the tubular piston rod 10 is suitably connectedfas'by means ofabail 12 Ato the upper piston 7,and the upper end thereofis pro-t vided with a transversely disposed lslotted bracket 13` whichU slidably receivesvia piu 14at one endofa lever 14s .i This lever 14 is preferably mounted at its middle point upon a vertically slidable ulcrum rod 15, and the opposite end thereof is provided with a pin 14D slidably engaging a transversely slotted bracket 16 which is applied to a vertical piston rod 17, said piston rod extending upwardly from a solid piston 18, one of which is mounted within each of the balancing cylinders 2 and 4. The pistons 18 and 7 of each unit of the pump are thus connected in such a manner as to move equal distances in opposite directions as the lever 14 is oscillated about its central pivot point. The piston rod 11 of the lower piston 8 is provided at its upper end with a transversely slotted bracket 19 which slid ably receives a pin 20a at one end of a lever 20. The opposite end of this lever 20 is provided with a pin 201 which slidably engages a transversely slotted bracket 21 which is applied to the piston rod 17 of the balancing plston 18. Y An intermediate portion of this upper lever 20 is provided with a pivot pin 22, which is slid-ably received Within a transversely slotted bracket 23 at the upper end of the fulcrum rod 15. The two arms of this upper lever 20 are different in length, so that the two pistons connected by the lever will have diii'erent movements.

The mounting` and connection of the levers is such that the, two working pistons 7 and 8 are close together when at the limit of their downwardstroke, as indicated by Figure 8, while they are separated at the limit oit' their upward stroke, as indicated by Figure fl. The fulcruni rod 15 also has an up and down movement, and the ultimate result of the connection between the pistons is that the balancing piston 18 has one increment of movement, while the upper working piston 7 has three increments of movement, and the lower working piston 8 has two increments of movement.

, The ulcrun'i rod 15 and the piston rod 17 of the rbalancing pistonarepeach provided with transversely slotted cross heads 211. yThe slots of these cross heads slidablyrcceivc crank pins 25 which are rigid with gear wheels 26, and arranged thereon in such a manner as to move the fulcrum rod 15 and piston rod 17 in opposite directions. The two gear wheels 26 mesh with a gear wheel 27 on a drive shaft 28, said drive shaft being shown as provided with a balance wheel 29. The system of gearing is duplicated for each unit of the pump, andthe arrangement is such that the fulcrum rod 15 and piston rod 17 have the same increment of movement but move in opposite directions as the pump is operated. The balancing piston 18 moves inanopposite direction to the working pistons and, as previously mentioned, the balancing piston has one increment of movement on each stroke, the lower working'piston 8, two incrementsk of movement, and vthe upper working piston 7, three increments of movement. lThe balancing piston 18 is a solid piston, while the two working pistons 7 and 8 are each provided with the upwardly opening check valves 9. y

The upper ends of all of the cylinders are in communication with each other and with the outlet pipe 5, and the arrangement is such that t-he head of the water or fluid against which the pump is acting presses upon the balancing piston 18 in the balancing cylinders 2 and 4, and also upon that one ofthe working pistons 7 and 8 in the working cylinders 1 and 8 which happens to have the valves 9 thereof closed. lhecylinders and pistonsall have substantially the same cross sectional area, so that thepressure head caused by the column of water in the outlet pipe acts upon the two sets of pistons and causes them to practically counterbalance each other. So far as the` actual amount of pressure is concerned, the working pistons are always substantially counterbalanced by the balancing pistons, so that the only torce necessary -to operate the pump is that whichV is required to overcome friction and inertia and lift the fresh supply of water from below.

In the operation of: this type of pump it must be kept in mind that the balancing pistons 18 each have one increment of movement, the upper working pistons 7,-thrce increments of movement, and the lower working pistons 8, two increments of movement. As the balancing piston 18 of one unit of the duplexpump moves upwardly from the position shown by Figure 4 to the position shown by Figure 3, the two working pistons 7 andv 8gmove downwardly from the position shown` by Figure lto the position shown by Figure 3. During this downward movement of the pistons the valves 9 of the lower piston v8 areclosed, while the valves 9v of theupper piston 7 are opened to permit the water which was previously in the space between the pistons to be forced upwardly through the upper piston 7 and into the space above the said upper piston.v Upon the reverse or upward movement ofv the working pistons` 7 andk 8, ,the valves 9 of the upper piston 7 are closed, while the valves 9 of the lower piston, 8 are opened, so that a fresh supply of water ycan be drawn into the spacebetween the pistons. The water above the upper workingpiston 7 is moved upwardly.v ThisV piston. 7 has three increments of movement, and for purposes of explanation it may be considered that three units of water are pumped. One of these three units ofv water-passes over into the corresponding balancing cylinder to 'compensate for thedownward movement ofthe balancing piston. A second of these three units of water passes over into the opposite siderof the duplexy pump, "as willg be hereinincomes after set forth .while the third of these i three units :o water is forced upwardly through movement ofthe `working pistons the upperqworking piston 7 has three increments of movement, so thatthree :units of watermust be` supplied to compensate forfthe" displacement f of the piston `One;` unit of water is orcedupwardly through the` pistoni from the space/between` the two pistons,a second unit ofwater iscarried over from the correV sponding :balancing cylinder, y being `forced over by `the-upward movement of the" ba'lancl ing piston, while the third unitofziwater is supplied-from the opposite `unit of the duplexpump. .Upon thecupward movement of the working pistons, three units of water are pumped, and as previously explained, one unit passes over into the corresponding balancing cylinder to compensate for the downward movement of the balancing piston, a second unit passes over into the working cylinder of the oppositer unit of the du-s plex pump, while the third unit is forced upwardly through the discharge pipe. Each upward stroke of the working pistons of each unit of the du lex pump thus has a net pumping action ciP one unitof water. It will be noted, however, that at all ositions of the pistons the pressure cause by the head of water against-Which the pump is acting is the same 'on the balancing pistons and the working pistons, so that the two sets of pistons are counterbalanced. A high degree of efficiency is thereby obtainable and the surges, back lash or water hammer occurring in the discharge pipe are absorbed and dissipated so that but little of such sudden shocks are felt on the power unit operating the pump.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by LetV rod for each balancing piston, separate lever connections between the piston rod of the balancing piston and the piston rods of the working pistons of each pair whereby the working pistons have a differential move- `pressure on the working pistons.V

ment, :and means for causin the pressure due to the head `against `whie the pump is operating to act-*upon the balancing pistons in such a manner' as to counter-balance the 2. A pum includinva pair of working cylinders anda pairof'lbalancing cylinders, a pair of pistons mounted in each working cylinder, a piston mounted in each balancing cylinder, movable fulcrum members, `independent levers lmounted upon "the movable fulcru'm members and operatively vconnecting the respective working pistons `to'the balancing piston of the respective pairs whereby the pistons have a diferential moveD ment,and `means `for causing the pressure due to the head against which the pump is operating to act upon the `balancing piston insuch-a` manner as `to "counterbalanee the pressurefon theworl'iing pistons. i `z .i

`1 3; A pump including' a pair of working `cylindersand a pairo balancing cylinders, a "pair of,` working pistonswmounted r in each working cylinder, a balancing piston mounted in each balancing cylinderra piston rod 1 :for .each balancing piston, slidable fulcrum rods `parallel .tolithe piston rod, means for alternately reciprocating the piston rods and fulcrum rods in op osite directions, levers mounted upon the ulcrum` rods and connecting the respective piston rods to the working pistons, and means for obtaining counterbalancing pressures on the balancing piston and the working pistons.

` 4. A pump including a pair of `working cylinders, a pair of balancing cylinders, a pair of working pistons in eac working cylinder, telescoping piston rods. connected to the respective workin pistons, a balancy in piston mounted wit in each balancing `cy inder, a piston rod connected to each baltions, a pair of di erential levers mounted upon each piston `rod and operatively connecting the respective piston rod of the balancing piston to the respective piston rod of the working pistons whereby the working pistons have a dierential movement, and means for causin the pressure due to the head against whic the pump is operating to act with a counterbalancing eiect on the balancing pistonand working piston.`

5. A ump comprising two sets of cylinders an their cooperating mechanism, each including a pair of cylinders arranged in a spaced and parallel relation to each other, a pair of working pistons mounted in one of the cylinders, a balancing piston mounted in the opposite cylinder, telescoping piston rods connected fto the `respective working pistons, a piston rod connected to the balancing piston, reciprocating fulcrum, rods arranged parallel to the pistons, crossV heads on the fulcrum rod and balancing piston rod respectively, oppositely rotating crank arms engagingthe respective cross heads to move the fulcrum rod and piston rod in' equal and ders and their cooperating mechanism, each including a pair of spaced and parallel cylinders, a pair of valved working pistons mounted within one oi the cylinders and having a dilferential movement, whereby the pistons are brought together at one end of their stroke and separated at the other-end ot their stroke, a balancing piston mounted within the other cylinder, an operative convpiston has one increment of movement; and

the working pistons-'two and.` three increments of: movement respectively, the balancing piston and working pistons movin-g in opposite directions, and. means; for maintain,- ing at all times communication between: the pump outlet-andl they two cylinders whereby there will be counterbalancing pressures, on the balancinggpiston and working pistons..

7. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of four, cylinders intercommu nicating, a piston in each of said cylinders, meansintercommunicating movement from the pistons, a second piston in some of said cylinders, means intercommunicatingI move;- ment of the second pistons with that of some ot' the first pistonsand means for effecting compensatory movement, relative. to, ally the pistons for causing some of the,A pistonsito have three increments of movement while others have two incrementsy otmovement, and still others have one increment; of

movement.. i i

In-testimony whereof L aflix'my signature;

ADELBERTF, PARKER.

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