US1653259A - Engine governor - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 20, 1927.

' W. T. DAVIS ENGINE GOVERNOR v Filed Des. 51. 1921 I5 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIIIIIIIN In mmnu "Il El' INVENTOR l 6% 749W l ummm-'v Dec. 20, 1927.

W. T. DAVIS ENGINE GOVERNOR Filed Dec. 31. 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 -Il1W///////////////% INVENTQR BY yal/W 4M/ ATToRNEY Patented Dec. 20, 1927.

UNITED STATES PAAT WILLIAM nDAVIs, 0F coMsrToCx, MICHIGAN. r

ENGINE GOVERNOR.

Application filed December 31, 1921. 'Serial No'.-5`28,292.

'ihis invention relates to engine governors, und more particularly to governors vespeciallv suited to tractors, wherein a rotor controls movement of the throttle and thus tends to maintain a uniform engine speed.

lt is an object of the invention to rovide a governor of the'character indicate which functions electively andreliably to control the spoed of an engine and which is simple. in construction and comparatively inexpensive in manufacturing costs.

Another object is to provide an improved governor of the character .indicated which is readily inountedon engines of existing types, without the employment of special tools and with slight alteration in the vstandard arrangement of the control mechanism thereof.

llt. is a. further object to provide an improved governor which is particularly adapted to control the speed of tractors, y1s conveniently arranged for application thereto, and results in economies and other advantages in operation thereof. y'

'Still another object of the invention is to provide an etiicient device operating from the fan-belt of an engine Which serves to maintain a constant engine speed under varying running Aconditions and by which the power is automatically cut off When the fanbelt breaks or is displaced.

Other objects Will be in` part obviousand in part pointed out. hereinafter in connection with the following description of the accompanying drawings Which illustrate atypical but preferred embodiment of the invention, and in which l t l Figure 1 is an elevation showing the application of the improved `governor toa standard fornrof tractor; s i

F 2 is a` plan view ofthe governing mech anisrn shown as loperating at normal speed;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary longitudinal central section through the governor casing rotatable parts at rest; n y

, 4 is a sectional view taken approxima. ely on the line4-4 of F ig. 3 looking in the direction indicatedby the arrow; and

Fig. 5 is a detail ofk one of the parts. j p Referring@ Fig. 1` for an understanding of the general arrangement ofthe governing mechanism in use, a tractor of a standard type is shown, for which the illustrative embodiment. oi the invention herein described is especially adapted, v although it is `togbey understood that the invention is applicable to any similar :type of machine.v The tractor' shown is provided Wit-h a standard gasoline engine vdesignatedgenerally by the numeral 1, a gas tank 2, a carburetor 3, a throttle valve 4 withthrottle lever 4` forcontrolling the admissionof fuel to the engine cylinders,

a fan 5 and a fan-belt 6 for operating the Y The principal operating partsof the govcrning mechanism arecontained Within a cylindrical housing or. casing 7 secured in s position ladjacent the vcylinder-head of the engine, supported and journaled in the walls of which is a shaft Shaving a projection With wheel9 ada `belt 6. Rotation of the shaft 8 actuates govpted to bel rotated by the fanerning weights within' the housing and these weights regulate the position ofthe throttle valve through lever by an yintermediate 'train of connections, as `will be described.

Thethrottle lever may also be directly ycontrolled manually from the operators station at yA bymeans of a rod 10 held by a bracket 11 conveniently mounted on the dash of the tractor. v I

Referring more particularlyV to Figs. 2 and 3, the housing? has a projecting plate or rib 12 adapted to be attached over the cylinder headv of the engine by bolts 13.- For convenience in assembly these bolts may also serve to secure theycylinder head of the enginein place the bolt holes in the plate 12 'i being spaced the same as the cylinder-head bolts. Within the 4housing a sleeve 14 is fixed toU thek shaft 8, as by` means of a set screwy 15 and a second sleeve 16 is mounted loosely on thel shaft 8 so as to slide longitudinally thereon. A governor `Weight constituting. the sensitive governing or speed responsive element is pivotally mounted on the ysleeve 14 bymeans of a pin 17 and consists of twocomparatively heavy end-portions 18, which function as governor-balls, connected by side plates 19 straddling the sleeve 14. A link 20 connectsthe governor Weights to the lslidable; sleeve 16, being pivotally connected to Wei hts and sleeve r by pins 21 and 22 respectlvely. A heavy` coil, spring 23-`connects the. pin 21l to .a part of the stationaryfsleevell, andtends to resist pivotal motion of the governor Weights from the position of Fig. 3 astheshaft 8 rotates.y V

`The shaftS-` has a hollow `portion concentric with the shaft and longitudinally aligned slidable plungers 24 and 25 are mounted in said hollow portion, the plunger 24 being provided with a transverse pin 26 extending through a guiding slot V27 in the shaft and disposed to contact with 'the end of the slidable sleeve 16. A lever is pivotally mounted on the plate 12 and is connected to the plunger` 25 by meansfof a pin 29. It will be obvious that as the shaft 8 is speeded up` the governor weights are moved radially from the shaft by centrifugal force tending to bring the weights into a plane at right angles to the shaft, which movement is communicated to the lever 28 by the slidable connections described.

In the form shown outward movement of the lever 28 is `resisted by a compression spring 30 encircling a stationary bolt 31 extending through an opening in lever 28 and secured in position on a part of the casing. The bolt is attached in position by being passed through an opening ina projecting bracket 32 on the casing, and a plate or trigger 33 pivotally mounted on the bracket 32 holds the bolt in position by engagement within a slot 34 therein. A tension spring 35 serves to hold the trigger 33 in engaging relationship under normal conditions.

A bell-crank-lever 36 pivotally mounted at 36 on the plate l2 has one arm 37 connected to the free end of the lever v28 by means of an adjustable Speeder screw 38 and a thread* ed bracket 39 co-operative therewith and pivotally mounted on the tree end of the lever 28. A spring 40 surrounding the screw 38 is compressed between the arm 37 and a pin 40 on the bolt and tends to separate the ends of the levers and thus serves to assure tight adjustable connections therebetween. The control rod 10 previously mentioned is connected to this screw 38 through the speeder head 38 and is adapted torotate the same when it is desired to adjust the relationship between the ends of the levers 36 and 28. Bodily movement also of the' lever 28 to control the throttle may be accomplished by manually moving the rod l0 longitudinally. The other arm 4l of the lever 36 is connected to the throttle lever 4 by an intermediate link 42.

The operation of the device thus far described should be clear fromthe foregoing. Assume that the engine is running at normal speed and that the relationship between the two levers 28 and 37 ofthe governor has been adjusted to hold the `throttle valve in position to maintain this speed. It then, for example, the tractor comes to a decline in its course, the shaft `8 will tend to speed up, thereby throwing ther weights outwardly under centrifugal force, and rocking the lever 28 through the connections within the housing described. Pivotal movement ot' the lever 28 tothe lett in Fig. 2 rocks the bell-crank-lever correspondingly and thus moves the throttle lever 4 in a closing direction, which operates to impede the flow of fuel to the engine cylinders and thus automatically to decrease the engine speed. Under the` reverse conditions, that is, when the rcourse of the tractor is obstructed, a reverse movement ot the governor weight is occasioned, whereupon a reverse movement of the levers operates to open the throttle valve and to speed up the engine. In this manner a uniform speed under all conditions is maintained. As mentioned, the position of the throttle lever 4 may be changed instantly when desired by bodily movement of the rod l0, irrespective of the condition of the governing mechanism. The governor is particularly desirable and effective when the tractor is employed for belt work, such, rfor example, as driving a wood saw.

Provision is also made in the form shown for automatically cutting oli' the iniiow of gas and thereby stopping the engine and avoiding overheating when the fan-belt breaks or becomes displaced from position. To accomplish this result the bolt 31 is `adapted to be disengaged from the bracket 32 and its separation is assisted by a spring 43 which is normally compressed between the bracket 32 and a collar 44 on the bolt 3l. An idler wheel 45 is mounted on an arm 46 which is secured to a rod 47 rotatably mounted on a bracket 48 fixed to the housing 7. Under normal conditions the idler wheel 45 rests by gravity on` and is supported by the fan-belt 6. The rod 47 has an angularly disposed end forming an arm 49 lying adjacent the upper end of the trigger 33. Then the belt breaks, the Vidler wheel 45 drops under its own weight andl forces the arm 49 against the co-Operating end of the trigger 33 (Fig. 4), thus effecting pivotal motion of the trigger against the tension of spring 35 sutlicientl to disengage the trigger' from the slot 34 of the bolt 3l. When the bolt is thus freed the spring 43 operates to separate the bolt from the bracket 32, the collar 44 engaging lever 28, resulting in pivotal movement of the latter outwardly from the position of Fig. 2, the spring 30 also assisting in this movement. This action operating through the bell-crank-lever 36 closes the throttle valve and stops the engine instantly.

BY the above described mechanisms an efficient governor is provided whose rotatingparts areV enclosed in dust-prooi condition within a cylindrical housing conveniently attached on the cylinder of the engine, and adjustment is allowed in the train of levers so that the speed of the engine is capable ot automatic control under varying conditions of service, while the degree of regulation is instantly adjustable i'rom the operators station A through the rod l() and the speeder screw 38. F or belt work the speed is auto-A lUU :naamw matically regulated savingthe time of a man otherwise required for this purpose. The

movable parts of the 'governor are supported and adjusting rod l0 in position. Since the governor parts are usually assembled with the bracket when sent out to theuser, 1t will .be seen that the installationof the device will be a simple matter.A The arrangement.

of plungers 24, 25 concentric with the' governor shaft 8 provides a convenient andeiicient mechanism for transmittingthe move ment of the ygovernor balls to `theengine throttlev assuring accurate control under operating conditions. f .1 j 1 As many changes could be made 4inthe above `construction and many apparently widely different` embodiments of this invention could be made withoutdeparting,from the scope thereof, it isintended that all mat? ter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as villustrative yand not in a limiting sense. A

It is also to be understood that thelanguage used in the following claims is intended to cover all of the generic and specific features of the invention herein described, and all statements of the scopeA ofthe invention which, as a matter oflanguage, might be said to fall therebetween. f Having described my invention, what yI claim' as new and desire -to secure by Letters Patent, is: y l. In a governor. for engines-in.combina` tion, a housing, a shaft rotatably mountedin said housing andcarrying a governor ball within said housing, means for .rotating said shaft from a moving engine part, means for operatively connecting the engine throttle with said ball, manually operable throttle adjusting and emergency throttle .control means connected with and operable upon. said governor mechanism, said emergency control automatically moving `said throttle to. ward closed position upon failure of said .first mentioned means.

2. In a governor for.engines,vin`combina tion, a rotatable governor member `operatively connected to vary the fuel to the-engine cylinder, manually operable ythrottle adjusting and emergency throttle control means connected with and operable upon said governor mechanism, means whereby the cooling fan operating mechanism` imparts. rotating movement to vsaidggovernor. member, said` emergencycontrol automatically decreasin(r the fuel flow to thelengine upon failure o saidfanoperatmg mechan1sm. f

' 3. In a governor for power driven tractors,

in combination, athrottle operating device, mechanism for automatically controlling the fuel supply rto they engine of the vtractor in proportion to kthe load thereon, manual means operable from the operators station for altering the fixed adjustment `between saidL throttle device and said automatic mechanism and to independently control .the

fuelfsupply, means for controlling said auto-L maticv mechanism from .the tractor engine, and automatic means for reducing the fuel supply to tlie'engineupon failureof said last mentioned means. f

4. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a throttleoperating device, mechanism for automatically controlling the fuel supply to the engine of the tractor in proportion to the load thereon, manual means operable from` the operators station for altering ythe fixed adjustment between said throttle` Vdevice and said automatic mechanism and to independently control the fuel supply, means for driving said automatic mechanism directly from the fan `belt of theengine, and means for automatically reducing fuel ysupply to the engine upon failure of said fanbelt. 'i f 5. In a governor for power driven tractors,

in combination, mechanism for automatically controlling the fuel` supply to the engine of the tractor in proportion to the load thereon, and manual meansoperable from `the operators station for adjusting'the said automat-ic` mechanisn'i` for different degreesj of fuel regulation, said manual means being operable f independently `of yits adjusting action to control `fuel supply independentlyy of said automatic mechanism. i i

G. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a' brachetadapted toy be bolted to a fixed partof the tractor engine, a pair of yieldingly connected levers pivot- Aally connected' to said bracket and arranged to control fuel supply to saidengine, a speed responsive governor element carried by said bracket and' operatively connected to said levers,` an adj ustable connection between said levers for adjusting the said fuel control by said governor and operatingconnectionscontrollable from ythe operators station for oper` ating saidadjiustable connection for control-v ling said fuel supply.independently of con trol by said governor element.

7. Ina governor for power driven tractors,

in combination, a bracket adapted to bek bolted to a fixed part ofthe tractor engine, spaced levers pivotally connected, to said bracket, a speed responsive element carried by said bracket and operatively, connected to oneof said levers, the other lever being oper` atively connected to the engine throttle, an adjustable operating connection `between said levers, and means operable from the operators station for adjusting said adjusting connection.

8. In a unitary governor element for tractor engines, including -in combination, a bracket adapted to be bolted to the engine frame, a speedresponsive element carried by said bracket, a driving element for said speed responsive element adapted to lie in position to be engaged by a modified fan belt of the engine when the bracket is boltedin position, a lever carried entirely by said bracket and lying in position for connection to the engine throttle when the bracket is bolted in position, and operative connect-ions between said lever and said speed responsive element.

9. In a unitary governor' element for tractor engines, including in combination, a bracket adapted to be bolted to the engine frame, a speed responsive element carried by said bracket, a driving element for said speed responsive element adapted to lie in position to be operated by amodiiied 'lan belt of the engine when the bracket is bolted in position, a lever carried by said bracket and lying in position for connection to the engine throttle when the bracket is bolted in position, and operative connections between said lever and said speed responsive element, means for urging said lever toward throttle opening position, a member carried by said bracket and lying` in position to cooperate with the tan belt when the bracket is bolted in position, and means controlled by said member when the :tan belt brakes for urging said lever toward throttle closing position.

l0. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a bracket adapted to be bolted to a. iiXed part of the tractor engine, a pair ot yieldingly connected levers pivotally connected to said bracket and arranged tocontrol fuel supply to said engine, a rotatable governor element carried by said bracket and operatively connected to said levers, and an adjustable connection between said levers for adjusting the fuel control by` said governor.

11. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a bracket having a rib with openings spaced to correspond with the spacing oit the cylinder head bolts whereby said bracket may bevsecured in position by saidbolts, a housing carried by said rib and having a speed responsive element mounted therein, a shaft for operating said speed responsive element mounted in said housing and having a projecting part carrying a pulley lying in position to contact with the modified fan belt when the bracket is bolted in position, and operative connections mounted on `said bracket and disposed in position for attachment to the engine throttle.

l2. In a governorfor power' driven tractors, in combination, a'bracket having a rib with openings spaced to correspond with the spacing of the cylinder head bolts whereby said bracket may be secured in position by said bolts, a housing carried by saidkrb and having a speed responsive element mounted therein, a shaft for operating said speed responsive element mounted in said housing and having a projecting part carrying a pulley lying in position to contact with the modified fan belt when the bracket is bolted in position, spaced levers permanently connected to said bracket and disposed on the remote side of said housing from the pulley, one of said levers having an arm lying in position :tor connection to the engine throttle when the bracket is bolted in position and the other lever being operatively connected to said speed responsive element for controlling said throttle.

13. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a bracket having a rib with openings spaced to correspond with the spacing of the cylinder head bolts whereby said bracket may be secured in position by said bolts, a housing carried by said rib and having a speed responsive element mounted therein, a shaft for operating said speed responsive element mounted in said housing and having a projecting part carrying a pulley lying in positionto contact with the modified :tan belt when the bracket is bolted in position, spaced levers permanently connected to said bracket and disposed on the remote side of said housing from the pulley, one of said levers having an arm lying in position for connection to the engine throttle when the bracket is bolted in position and the other lever being operatively connected to said speed responsive element for controlling said throttle, and adjustable connections between said levers for varying the degree of control by said Speed responsive element. f

14. In a governor for power driven tractors, in combination, a bracket having a rib with openings spaced to correspond with the spacing of the cylinder head bolts wheref by said bracket may be secured in position by said bolts, a housing carried by said rib and having a speed responsive element mounted therein, a shaft for operatingl said speed responsive element mounted in said housing and having a projecting part carrying a pulley lying in position to contact with the modified fan belt when the bracket is bolted in position, and operative connections mounted on said bracket and disposed. in position for attachment to the engine throttle, and meanswhereby said operativev connections may be adjusted to vary the ,degree of control by said speed responsive element or independently operated for manual control of the throttle.

15. In a governor for power driven trac'- tors, in combination, a bracket having a rib with openings spaced to correspond With the spacing of the cylinder head bolts Whereby said bracket may be secured in position by said bolts, a governor ball rotatably mounted on said bracket, operative connections controlled by said governor balls for controlling the fuel supply to said engine, and manual means connected to said oper tive connections for controlling saidy fuel supply.independently of said governor ball, said manual means being also operable to adjust the fuel controlling connections foi varying the degree of fuel control lby the governor.

16. In a tractor engine, in combina-tion, automatic means including'tivo yieldingly connected levers for controlling the ilovv of fuel to the engine including resilient means biased to urge said fuel controlling means in a direction to increase fuel flow, and means operative on the failure of the con- ,30 ing means for said connections operable from the operators station, said adjusting means being also adapted toA control said engine throttle independently of said governor.

1S. In a device of the character described, in combination, a shaft adapted to be rotated by an engine, a governor ball mounted on said shaft, a lever connected to said governor ball and to the throttle lever of the engine, and means for operating said 40 lever independently kof said ball, including a manually operable rod adapted to be rotated to adjust said lever and adapted to be moved bodily to operatesaid lever.r

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature. VILLIAM T. DAVIS.

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