US1640412A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 30, 1927.

Filed May 9, 1923 illllllilltlllillilml! .Aw WWHMMMII.,HiIim-esi im. l1" .M

M lNVENToR A TTORNE Y rangement inv Patented Aug. 30, 1927.

UNITED srrixrss PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN JUHASZ, 0F NEW YORK, N. 'Y., ASSIGNOR TO J'UHASZ CARBURETEB G'OLRPORA#j A CORPOBATIONOF NEW YORK..

TION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,

cARBURE'roR. i

' I Application med may 9,

The present invention -relates tov improve,

ments in carburetors, and has for its main object to provide a nozzle which automatically produces a proper fuel mixture, withoutl the use of moving parts, under all conditions of operation of the engine.

' vIn plain tube ca-rburetors the flow of fuel from the nozzlev increases under suction faster than the flow of air, giving a mixture which grows richer and richer, a mixture containing a higher percentage of fuel at high vacuum than at low'. In order to over-, come this trouble it has been proposed heretofore to bleedair into the nozzle, the ar.- several well 'known carburetors being s'uch that a series'of air vent or compensating covered as the throttle is gradually opened and the suction in the nozzle increases-the mixture being thus diluted. lVhile these carburetors have been found to be efficient at high speed, they produce a too rich mixlture at lower speeds.

One of the objects of the present invention is to overcome this defect.

'.Two of the vmanypossible embodiments of the present invention are villustrated inthe accompanying drawings, 1n which Figure 1 is-a sectional elevation of a portion of acarburetor, showing the improved nozzle; Fig. 2 is a central Vertical section taken through the nozzle, and Fig. 3 is a similar section of a modilied form of the improved nozzle.

In Fig. 1 of the drawings, a multi-noz- "zle carburetor is illustrated, but attention is called to the fact that the improved nozzles herein described may bev applied to single nozzle carburetors just as well.

.Referring now first to Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, the numeral4 10'. indicates a car'- Vburetor casing, in the side of which is formed an opening 11, forming the air inlet to the carburetor chambers 12 and 13, which are in the present case. in the form of Venturi passages. Into each of a fuel nozzle 14, which 'communicates with a float chamber 15 of any suitable construction, the inlet openings of the nozzles being controlled, for' instance, by needle valves 16, although this is not essential. Above the carbureting chambers is disposed a throttle 17, in the present case vin'FiOfswl Aand 2 of the drawings.

holes are progressivelyv unon a larger scale;

ture 28 in constant communication these passages 1923. seriarNo. 637,743.

a cylindrical throttle, for the well known purpose.

Fach of -the carburetor nozzles 1 4 'comprises a tube 18, the bore 19 of which ,divided into a plurality of sections of varying transverse cross sections. The transverse cross sections of ,these bore sections gradually decrease'from the uppermost section to the-'-lowe rmost, as clearly shown lower l:end of the tube is provided with a iiange 20, on which rests the flange 21 of a tube 2 2, whichencloses the tube 18 and is spaced therefrom. The upper open end of the tube 22 is disposed a slight distance below. the upper endof the tube 18, onto the latter being Iitted acap23 which extends a' substantial distalncedownwards over thetube 22, but isspaced from the latter. The lower openend of theA capV is outside the suction area of the nozzle, air flowing yinto the space between the tube 22 and the said-cap` at substantially atmospheric pressure. This air flows into the space between the'tube 18 and the tube 22, and from the latter space into the tube 18, as' will be presently described.

"The anges 21 and 2O above-referred to are disposed-,in a bore 24 in the carburetor casing, a gasket 25 being interposed between the flange-21 and a shoulder 26 in the said bore, the elements being held in proper position by a screw plug 27, ,having an aperwith the ioat chamber- 15. The size of the aperture 28 corresponds, preferably, to that-of the lowermost bore sect-ion of the tube 18, with which it communicates.

Thev tube 18 is provided with a plurality of holes 29, one associated with each bore section, save with the lowermost bore section. Through these holes thetube 18 is adapted tocommunicate with the space between the latter and after pointed out. Each of the bores 24 is closed by.- a screw plug 27, through which the screwthreaded stem ofl a needle valve 16 extends. When the plugs 27 and 27 lare removed, each of the nozzles may be removed, as a Aunit,sfrom the carburetor-casing.

The o eration of this device'is as follows: When t e engine is not' running, and lcon- The v the tube 22, as will be hereinsequei'itly there is no vacuum inthe carbureting, chambers, the fuel riscs'inthe tube 18- 122, fuel rises to the same height in the said space. From this it appeais that the inlet to the tube 18 is submerged a substantial distance below the normal fuel level. /Vh'en l, the engiiie is started and the throttle is gradually opened, obviously the suction in the tube 18 increases, thereby lowering the fuel level -in the said tube ariel in the space between .the latter and the tube 22. The air bleed or compensating holes 29. are thus progressively uncovered. `pince air passes into the space between the cap 23 and the tube 22 at atmospheric pressure and a vacu- 'uin exists in the tube 18, this air rushes through the said lholes vinto the tube 18 at substantially right angles to the flow of the fuel vapor therein, mixing with the latter and thereby diluting the mixture. "The higher the 'suction actingl upony the tube 18, the lower will be the level ofthe fuel within the same, and therefore more of the coinpensating holes,4 will be uncovered, permiting of a greater dilution of the mixture.

Ati'hi'her s eed the tube 18 is aracticall e p l Y empty and all of the compensating holes are in action.'

Tests, which have been made with the carburetor herein described, show that the stepped cross-section of the tube 18 gives a` material reduction in fuel consumption, and that this reduction in fuel consumption may result from improved atomization of the fuel. lt appears that the stepped cross-sec tion gives space for the increased volume `due to vthe mixture of fuel with the air which is vented through the holes 29.

rlhe modification illustrated in Fig. 3 of the drawings differs from the one above described .in that, instead of the compensating holes 29, adongitudinal slot() is provided in the tube 18, said' slot extending from the l uppermost bore section of the tubeto substantially the lower endJo-f the next to the last bore section thereof. This slot 'provides amore gradual and even inflow of air into the tube 18 than the holes 29 above re.-

- ferred to. Otherwise the construction and speeds.

operation of theJ elements shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings are the same as' of those described in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings.

What I claim is z- Y .n 1. ,A carburetor nozzle comprising a suction-controlled tube the boreof which gradually decreases in transverse cross section from its upper end to its lower end, a fuel .connection leading to the lower end of said tube, a second tube enclosingl said first-inentioned tube and spacedtherefrom, and a cap fixed to the upper end of said first-inentioned tube extending` lover the said secondmentioned tubeand spaced fromfthe latter, said first-mentioned tube being'provided with openings. between said `ifuelconnection and its upper end and .being normally sealed by the fuel at low speeds and admitting` air into said lirstaiientioiied tube under high speeds.

2. A carburetor nozzle comprising a suction-controlled tube provided with a bore having'a stepped cross-section, a fuel connection leading to the lower end o f saidA tube, said tube being provided with openings at 'differ-tnt levels between-said fuel connec tion at its upperend, and means for supplyF ing air to the Said openings and at the saine time preventing leakage of fuel therethrough, said openings being normally sealed by tlie.liiel at low speeds and admitting air linto said tube in succession at high 3. A carburetor nozzle comprising a suction-controlled tube the bore of which gradually dtcreases in transverse cross section from its upper end to its lower end, a fuel connection leading to the lower end of said tube, a second tube enclosing said vfirst-nien tioncdtube and spacedtherefroin, and a cap fixed to the'upper end of said first-inen- Atio'ned tube extending over the said secondmentioned tube and spaced from the latter. said first-mentioned tube being provided with an opening between said fuel connection and its upper end normally sealedby theI fuel at'low .speeds and admitting air into said first-mentioned tubo under high speeds. A i

Signed at New York, inthe county of New Yorl ,.and State of New York, this 8th day of May, A. D. 1923.

Joint Jonasz.

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