US1536151A - Process for dyeing textile fabric, paper, and like materials - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 5, 1925.

UNITED STATES MARIA SOHOLZ, or rnrontmcnmenamanr PROCESS FOR DYEING. TEXTILE FABRIC, PAPER, AND LIKE MATERIALS.

No Drawixig. Application filed June 25,

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, MARIA SGHOLZ, a citizen of Germany, residing at Leichlingen, Rhenish Prussia, Germany,-have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes for Dyeing Textile Fabric, Paper,

and like Materials, for which I have filed an application for LettersPatent in Germany, Au st 12, 1922, and of which the following 1s a specification.

In the art of dyeing textile fabrics, paper, and like materials, the dye stuff is generally fixed by treating the dyed material ,within a steam chamber or by the well known Mather-Flatt process. These procedurestake time and are expensive, as complicated and bulky apparatus and a relatively large amount of steam is required; furthermore, a uniform fixation throughout 2 the material cannot be depended upon, and goods of inferior quality are often the re- .sult.

- The object of the present invention is to turn out a high grade of dyed goods at a great reductionin time and costs by a new process of fixing the substantive, basic, acid or other dyestuffs previously applied to the.

fabric in any suitable manner.

, My invention broadly consists in suitably dyeing the fabric, and inthen fixing the colorby means ofan-oleaginous agent at effective temperatures, which in the present instance means temperatures around 80 to 100 degrees Celsius, and in then finally removing the fixing medium a ain from the fabric and-after-treating the latter in any required manner. J ,7 r V I, have found that vegetable oils, such as for instance olive oil, can well be used for 40 this purpose, but also the less e nsive mineral oils of various grades of v atility are eminently suitable. In choosing the oleaginous substance bestsuited in each particular case, among other factors, the porosity of the material to be treated, the h hter or darker colorshades obtaining, an the chemical nature of the dyestuffs and other agents entering into the severalsteps, must be carefully considered. 5 g I "G00d results' have been obtained with paraflin oil, refined petroleum oils, and other mineraloils of aboiling point between 160 to 220 C, and by employing the oil bath at tem ratures ranging from 80 to:"100 C.

After the cloth or other orous material has been suitably, dyed ,yimpnntmg, .term,

1923, Serial- No. 647,759.

spraying, stenciling, or in any other suitable mannr with an aqueous solution of the dyestuff, the fabric is, preferably without delay, passed through a bath of the oleaginous agent heated to about 80 to .100 C. when the fixing of the color or colors will be properly effected within a relatively very short time, one minute being sufficient in most cases. The fixing agent is then removed; again-from the fabric by squeezing, drying and evaporating, and it may be read ily recovered for further use in well known manner. The fixed goods are then washed and, if required, after-treated in suitable manner well known in the art.

.In the case of cloth printing the padding machine may he used for applying the dyeing medium, whereupon the dyed stuff .is best at once in a more or' less wet state, passed through the hot fixing bath, which latter should be kept ata temperaturc of around 90 C.

If the stated steps are followed, the dye will properly be fixed without precipitation of sediment in the fixing bath.

The advantages obtained by the described process will be readily understood from a comparison with the prior dyeing and fixing art. 7 When using basic dyeing agents the prior steps for making the' goods colorfast to washing consisted in first treating them with acid inordants, such astannin or fannic acid, then dyeing and steaming them, and finally treating them with tartar emetic. In this treatment tannin lake is formed which fixes the basic dyes and thus makes them waterfast. I now have found that the same results can be obtained at greatly reduced costs and without entailing time-consuming preliminary and aftertreatments, by subjecting the goods to'the above described action of a ,hot oil bath.

I have further found that in the case of discharge-printing where first the dye and next the discharge" is applied, the goods thus prepared can be fixed and the discharge be made. effective in a single. operation in the same oleaginous substance, the fixing and discharging periodtaking not over one 1 ute, whereas in the prior art the fixing of the dye and the discharging had to be done b separate successive treatments.

Stu s dyed according to my new method are not only fast to rubbing and fast to washing in the ordinary sense of this latter butthoy are also fast to drops fall-,

ing on them, and, furthermore, the discharges produce perfect white patterns.

y new process can advantageously be i used also for improving goods previously dyed by other processes, by rendering them still more water-fast, drop-fast, and unaffected by rubbing. This, in .it'self, is of great moment since it is now possible to use dyestufis of inferior and cheaper quality with equally good results in the finished product.

My new process can also be used with particular good results in the case of heavy fabrics, suchas plush, felt, velvet and the like, which heretofore required a relatively very extended dyeing; treatment for obtaining permanent colorsi By reason of the speedy and thorough fixing eifect of my hot oil bath the complete dyeing operation is considerably curtailed and is performed at lower temperatures than heretofore, all of which makes for a substantial saving in time, labor, and fuel. J

When using the term dyeing in the,

foregoing specification and in the appended claims, I want it to be distinctly understood that this term is to include broadly any steps known to those skilled in the dyeing and printing art for applying to the material coloring, mordanting, thickening and other matter, whether this is to be done in or several operations, the particular feature claimed byme residing substantially in the step of passing a material, dyedly pretreated in any suitable manner, through a hot oil bath within which the colors are efi'ectively fixed in a relatively very short time.

What I claim is 7 1. The described step in the art of dyeing textile and other porous material, which consists -in steeping the dyed material in a quick-acting hot fixing liquor. k 2. The described step in the art of dyeing textile and other porous material, which consists in passing the dyed material through a quick-acting'hot oil bath.

3. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material and then treating it'ina hot bath of oleaginous character.

4. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises causing an aqueous solution of the dyestufi to act on the material and then passing the still moist material into a hot oil bath.

5. The described procem ofdyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material and then treating it in an oleaginous substance heated to eifective fixing temperatures, and in subsequently removing again said oleaginous substance from th material.-

6. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material and then passing it through a bath of hot mineral oil.

- 7. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material and then passing it through a bath of mineral oil heated to a temperature within the limits of 80 to 8. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material and then passing it through a bath of refined mineral oil having a boiling point range of between 160 to 220 C. and heated to a temperature substantially lower than the lowest degree of said boiling point range.

9. The described process of dyeing textile and other porous material, which comprises dyeing the material, passing it through a bath of mineral oil having a boiling point range of between 160 to 220 and heated to a temperature of between 80 to 100 C.,

. and subsequently removing the said oil from the material.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

MARIA scHoLz.