US1533370A - Switch mechanism - Google Patents

Description

H. L. BLOOD SWITCH MECHANISM Original Filed Jan. 31

Illllulfl'lll'nll'llllll||||l April--14, 192:. 1,533,370 ;H. L. BLOOD SWITCH MECHANISM Original Filed Jam 31, 192.0 I 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 N z\ tg; Q9 i I I i I L0 [5 O '0 N. m N l\ amvmtoz A ril 14, 1925. 1,533,370

H. L. BLOOD SWITCH MECHANISM Original Filed Jan. 31, 1920 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Apr. 14-, i925 UNHTED STATES PATENT fiFFlCiEl.

HAROLD L. BLOOD, OF PLAINFIELD, NEN JEESEE, ASESIGNOR T0 NILES-BEMENT-POND GOMRANY, 0E NEV? YGIRK, N. '55.,

A GGREFQRATION OF NEW JERSEY.

SVVIETCH IEECHANESNI.

Original application filed January 31.

i 0 all whom may concern:

Be it known that I, l'lAROLD L. Bnoon, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Plainlicld, in the county of Union and State of Ncuwlersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Switch- Mechanism, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to switch mechanisms and particularly to switch mechanisms for controlling the operation of electric motors.

One objectof my invention is to provide a switch mechanism that shall embody a pivotally mounted switch lever operating two sets of contact members, a main magnet for operating the switch lever and a supple mentalmagnet which not only serves to oppose the main magnet but also serves as a blow-out magnet to extinguish the arcs formed by certain of the contact members.

Another object of my invention is to provide a switch mechanism having pivotally n'iounted switch levers and contact members that shall be controlled by oppositely acting main and supplemental magnets in asimple and in an ellicient manner, that shall extinguish arcs, which are formed by certain of the contact members, by means of the supplemental magnets and that shall interlock the main magnets: to prevent operation of the levers undercertain conditions.

More specifically, my invention comprises a switch mechanism embodying three pivotally mounted switch levers having contact members on their oposite ends and co-acting with stationary contact members, one only of said movable contact members being in sulated from the switch lever carrying it, a main magnet for operating each of the switch levers, supplemental magnets associated with two of said levers and serving not only to oppose the main magnets but also to extinguish the arcs formed by certain of the contact members, and interlock switches operated by the supplen'iental magnets and included in the ener izing circuit of certain of the main magnets.

in providing a switch mechanism for controlling electric motors, it is desirable and in some cases essential to provide a mechanism embodying few parts not only to render it relatively inexpensive to construct but 11, 1921. Ecrial No. 4.6

also to occupy a minimum of space. The de scribed switch mechanism occupies a limited space and is adapted to control the operation of a motor in a forward and in a reversed direction and to complete a dynamic braking circuit.

This application is a division of my copending application for planers and systems of motor control therefor, Serial No. 355,318, filed January 31st, 1920. i

In the accompanying drawing:

Figure 1 is a front elevational View of the switch mechanism, the maj or portion of the cover being broken away to show the interior parts.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one of the supporting brackets shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view of the control switch mechanism taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 1. v

Fig. 4 is avertical sectional view of the switch mechanism taken along the line 4-4; ofl ig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the switch mechanism taken along the line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary side elevational view of a planer adapted to be operated by a switch mechanism constructed in accord ance with my invention.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the elec trical connections in a system controlled by my switch mechanism.

Referring to the accompanying drawings and particularly to Figs. 6 and 7, I have shown my switch mechanism in a system for controlling the operation of a planer. Only a brief description will be given of the planer and of the control system, inasmuch as my invention relates particularly to the switch mechanism and to the circuits for energizing the electro-magnets of such mechanism.

The planer, which is diagrammatically shown in Fig. 6 of the drawings, comprises a work carrying table 1 which is mounted on bed 2. A motor 3, which connected to the table 1 by means of any suitable gearing 4: is provided for effecting reciprocal movements of the table. The motor 3 is controlled by apilot switch 5 which in turn is controlled by the planer table 1. Two dogs 6 and 7 are adjustably mounted on the table 1 and engage two levers 8 and f) for operat ing the pilot switch The lovers 8 and 9 are connected to the pilot switch by means of linlrs 10. It is apparent that the end of the movement of the table 1 toward the right, as shown in the drawing, the dog: 6 engages the lever 8 and moves the pilot switch in one direction. Such operation of the pilot switch changes the rotet motor 3 to effect movement o'lj' l c the opposite direction. lfhen the is near the end ol its n'io'veinert toware: left as shown on the drawing, l c gages the lever 9 and moves the oil in an opposite direction. Such movement of the pilot switch again reverses the direction of rotation of the motor 3.

A cutting tool 10 mounted on a cross rail 11 which in turn is supported on uprights ml n'iovenient of the cross rail on tl e upright 12 and also the increment oi the cross head carrying the cutting: tool to is ellected by means of a motor 13- ever, inasmuch my invention is rected to the mechanism tor co motor, a detailed description o a nisin will be omitted. lelerencc ma' had to the patent to ii-conical? and Heel? 1, 1,29%192 dated i'ipril 1 1915), for more detailed description of the similar motor.

Referring to l? T of the (h twine the pilot switch is shown controlling a switch mechanism which in turn ope ates the motor 3 in a forward and in a rev ed direction.

i c inecl'ienisin c operation of a Moreover. the sw on n lJIJi'QS a dynamic braking: circuit turn h he motor under certain conthnons. The notor 3 coinprises an armature an interpole windin 15, a shunt field-magnet winding 36, and a series held-magnet windingl?'. The pilot switch COl'i'iPl'iSLES a it segment 18 waich adapted to i oi contact members 19 in one 7 ot the switch and to bridge a scent s t t contact members in the opposite no i i A contact segment 21 is i .31 of he switcii. rovided tor bridging a set of contact members or the contact members according to the position of the s vitch.

T he switch mochaisin, which is controlled by the pilot switch 5, is shown in detail in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive and comprises two main electro-n1agnets and 2 2, two supplemental electro-maonets and 2th and an accelerating electro-inagnct 2'7. The two main electro-inagnets 223 and Qiare very similar in construct on and accordingly only a detail description will be given ot' the electro-magnet L3. The accelerating electro-inagnet is very similar in construction to the electro-uiagnet E23 and accordingly only the points of dillerence between the act-eierating magnet and the electro mae'net 23 will be pointed out. The suppleinci tro-maguets Q5 and .26 are similar in construction and ope aticn and accordingly only a description ot the supplemental electroniagnct 25 i in be. given.

The electroanagnet 23 comprises i switch lever which is pivoted intermediate its ends and which carries contact iuciI-ibas 2?) and 8%) n ar the or de thereof. Contact The inovaoie members 529 and SO cooperate with two 1 a arv contact members 3. and 32. A main in net 3;} is provided for so movine the switch lever 25? as t) e ec't cue members 22) am l. loiuprises a 7 went between the contact 'l lL nain clc r 1 c pirotailv mounted switch lever iii which is operatet by a main magnet 35. Two contact nien'ihcrs 3-36 and 31' which are mounted near the respective ends 01 the switch lever 3-1: and cooperate with two stationary contact ineinbe s 38 and 39. The accelerating comprises a pivotally OlCCtlO'DiQ CF-JMV 27 t lever 4L0 which is operated mounted switch by a n'iain magne; il-fl. Two Contact memti 7 a -celeratine eiectro-niaenct ilei'uental electro-niagnet and 2%) are itcd on a sr-xitch panel 48 whic i is eom- Kl o'l any suitable in:-:ulatin,';' material. .h panel ii-f3 is mourn d on a base *e "iher 4?. A hin d cover ol an}? suitis pro videc ior enclosing the switch mechanism. 'lwo shunt lield rheostats l-f) ant. 50 are preferably mounted on the base member adjacnit to the switch mecha nism.

Referring particularly to Figs. and S, a. ln'acliet 5] is attached to the panel sit; by means of suitable bolts and serves as a support for the switch lever and the magnet oil the main electio-iuag nct 5323. The niachet 51 is provided with two projectinnars which pivotally support the lever iy means of a pin 53. The main magi" s supported on the bracket 51. by a suitable which extends through the core o'l' and the the nugnet. 'lhc moraine contact lilQllllltl. )0 is pivotally mounted near one end oi the ted to the contact member 29 and to the switch lever A, stop member 57 is provided lor limitl'erring particularly to V l to 5 inre main ClCl'I'O-1iil" jWt. and 32 1.

lit)

lll l ing the outward movement of the contact member. i

The stationary contact member 31 is mounted on a plug 58 which is attached to the panel 46 by means of any suitable bolt 59. A U-shaped clip 60, which '55 attached to the plug 58 by means of screws 61. serves as asupport for two insulating plates 62. The plates are attached to the clip 60 by means of a bolt The plates (32 are thus located adjacent to the contact members 29 and 31., and protectthe adjacent apparatus from any arcs that may be formed by such contact members. A pin 64tprojects from the side of the switch lever 28, as shown in Fig. 1 oi? the drawing and serves to operate an auxiliary switch 65 for a pm Jose to be hereinafter set forth. The pin engages a spring-pressed plunger 66 which in turn operates the switch 65. The movable contact member 30 is preferably mounted near the lower end of the lever 28 in the same manner as the contact member 29 is iiuounted near the upper end of such lever. The stationary contact member 32 is mounted on a block (37 which is attached to the panel in b means of a bolt 68. "ih flexible conductor 69 is attached to the lever 28 by means oil a screw 70. In the above construction it is apparent the switch lever 28 is freely and independently detachable from the remainder ot the mechanism to jermit inspection or replacement; of parts. The switch levers of the other electro-magnets are detachable in a. like manner. The bracket- 51 is provided with a projecting portion 71 which extends adjacent to the contact members 29 and 31. Eiuch projecting portion 71 is included in the magnetic circuit oi the supplemental magnet 25 for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth.

The supplemental electro-magnet 25 comprises a coil 72 which is mounted on a core member The core member 73 is supported on two brackets Tl and 75 which in turn are detachahly secured to the panel 46 in any convenient manner. as by means of the screw 76. The lower bracket 75 extends horizontally in the direction of the adj acent main electro-magnet and serves as a stop member for the switch lever 28. as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. The upper suppozting; bracket T l extends horizontally in both directions. The projecting portion 71 of the bracket 51 cooperates with the projection is to form an air gap including the contact members 29 and 31. Such air gap is included in the magnetic circuit of the supplemental electro-inagnet 2'7 and permits the electro-magne-t to operate as a blowout magnet in extinguishingany arcs that may be formed by the contact members 29 and 31. Referring to Figs. 1, 3 and 5 of the drawings, it is apparent the magnetic circuit of the supplemental magmember 83.

net 25 so operates on the switch lever 28 as to oppose the action of the main magnet on the lever. Thus, the supplemental magnet 25 not only serves as a blow-out coil tor the contact members 29 and 31 but also serves as a. means for returning the switch lever 28 to initial position upon deenergization of the main magnet The supplemental magnet 25 not only operates as above set forth but also serves as a blow out magnet for the accelerating electro-magnet 2(. The bracket 74; extends adjacent to the contact members and ist to term an air gap including such contact members. although an extended air gap occurs at the lower part of the accelerating electric-magnet and the supplemental electro-magnet, the coil of the supplemental magnet is of su'llicient strength to produce a flux flow across the contactmembers 4-2 and a l tor blow-out purposes. The main electro-magnet 24: with one exception is. heretofore set forth. similar in construction and operation to the main electromagnet 23. The projecting portion from the bracket which supports the switch lever is oppositely disposed in the main electromagnet 23 to the position of such projecting portion in the main electro-magnet I The contact members ell and 4 2 of the accelerating electro-magnet 27 are mounted and operated in manner similar to like contact membe: s in the main electro-magnet 213. It detailed description 0t such contact members deemed unnecessary. The mov able contact member 43 is insulated from the switch lever si-O and directly mounted on a plug i? which carried by two stud bolts '78. The bolts '78 extend into the switch lever it) shown in Fig. l of the drawing and are insulated from the plug 77 by means of: insulating bushings 79. Insulating collars 80 are disposed at opposite ends of the plug 77 and a suitable detach hi q t 91 War (1 a l s .11, acre COht uc.oi it is pioiic e. 10L s cc nca 5 connecting the plug 77 and the contact membcr to a contact member 82.

The suppl mental electro-magnet 25 not only serves to blow out the arcs termed by.

the contact members 29, 31. 42 and 14i and to return the switch lever 28 to initial position but also operates an interlock switch .he switch member 83, when iii a. released position, brit ges a pair of contact members 8% which are included in the circuit of the magnet The supplemental electro-magnet 26 comprises a coil which not only serves as a blow-out coil for the contact members 36 and S8 of the main elcc tro-magnet 52 i but also operates a switch member 86. The switch member 86, when in a released position, bridges two contact members 87 which are included in the cir cuit of the magnet The supplemental electro-magnet also returns the lever'34; to

ll reinitial position. eterring to Fig. 7, a sister 88 is provided to: controlling the acceleration of the motor 3 and a resistor 89 is provided for choking the inductive discharges from the shunt field-magnet Windinn 1 When the pilot switch 5 is moved at the end of the return stro te into position tor the cutting" stroke the contact segment 21 of the switch bridges the contact inei'nbers 22, thus preparing a circuit for operat ng the main electro-mn uet 534;. The circuit operating the ma traced from one conductor 90 of t; circuit through the contact which are bridged hr the contact .4 Jui- 21, the magnet 3 contact mend i lltl are lJlKlQOd by the switch 1 ieinner 53-5}, switch L i lever 28, contact members of the si'ipplemcntal and series field-n'nignet winding: '1? to ti o other conductor 91 ot' the supp y circui The main electro-n'iagg nct f2- is operated an l the motor 3 is rotated in 5 to e'llect a cutting stroke by the planer. he circuit completed throu;- i the motor 3 is 30 and electro-magnct ,6

traced from the su ilv conductor through ll U the contact members and 3t), sir tch lever 3-l-, resistor 88 interpole Windii I aruutture lat, switch lever 28, contac" embers 30 and 32, coil of the snppltuneutal electromagnet 2F and the series field-magnet n'indinn 1'? to the supply conductor 01.

The coil or mar ne; ell oi? the ing elcetroonaa'net is connected i 1 terminals of the armature 1 1 by means of the contact segment- ,8 which bridges the contact members 20. Accordingly when the motor develops a predetermined coijiuterelectroinotive force, the stitch lever all) ot the ncceleatin clectro-magnet is 0p atcd to connect the contactmembers 42 and 44:. Upon engagement between the contact members and 45 1- the resistor 88 is shorteircuited to acccle ate the motor.

When the end of the cutting strolqe reached, the position of the pi ot switch is reversed so that the contact se rinent 1S bridges the contact members it) and the contact segment 21 bridges the contact members 20. In such position, of the pilot sivitclnthe main electro-magnet is operated to complete a circuitthrough the motor for re turning the planer table. Durirur such operation, the accelerating switch again operated to short circuit the resistor 85%. it the completion of either strohc when the main eleetro-magnet 23 or ill is released a dynamic-b 'aking circuit-iscompleted through the motor. The dynamic braking circuit is traced from switch er 3-13 through the (UL- tact members 37 and 39 coils T2 and o't armature 14-, u 'inding i5, and the resistor 88 to the switch lever The control oi"? the shunt field-magnet Winding it; by means of the contac members 43 and t? and the switch is conn'iletely set "Forth in in copending application of which this application a division and a detailed description thereof in this application is deemed nn necessary.

From the above description, it is seen I have invented asimple and compact switch lnechanisn'i which serves not only to operate a motor in a forward on l in a reverse direction but also to complel,v a dynamic-liralcin' circuit through til motor upon coinpletio either planer strolt A any part and ti o supplelllCTJi'tll electroanagnets which are di )Sttl adjacent the main electro ma gnets serve to perform a number of :tunctions. In brief, the supplen'iental electro-mao'nets operate as blo -r-ont- 11 Acts to extinguish the arcs med by the ndjucent clectroana-{gnets and return the tch lovers of the nuiin e ectron'ia 'net-s to initial pos tion upon the dcenerrgixation oi. such elcctroniagnets, Moreover, the supplemental elcctio-n'uignets operate interlock s vitchcs which prevent the operation oi" either main electro-n'iagnot when a d xnaniie-l'n'akin t current is towing. in this rep rdw it should be noted the switch members 0 inn" or repair of 0) and 87) which are operated by too supi emental electro-ma iriets and are inclu led in the energizing); circuit of the main electro-magnets and prevent the operation of either of such electrouuaonets when a d vnamio-bralcing cur ent. is flowing. t should also be noted that the energizingcoil. 0t either main electro-magnet is completed through the lower contact members controlled by the switch lever ot the opposite main clcctro-ma g net. Finch interlock inn means prevent the siinultanoeuus operation of the two main electro-n agncts.

ltflodilicetions in the mechanism and in the arrang ment and location of parts may be i ado Within the spirit and scope of my invention and such modifications are intended to be covered by the appended claims.

d hat claim is:

1 In a switch incclnuiism, the comhination comprisinp' a switch lcrcr pivoted intermediate its} cnas, a contact member mounted on each end ot said levciz t aniar contact members meeting; with said inomblc contact mom a main inae nct tor optine the s lever to c os one set o'i hers. and, loans comprist u'd contac t p a sumdcmeuial maguef tor ogmosing: the action of the main magnet on said lover and for blowing out the arcs formed, at certain oft the con act, members.

In a switch. inechanisin the comb nation con'iprising a sivitch lever pivoted intermediateits enos, connected contact roomlit) til

hers mounted on opposite ends of said lever, stationary contact members coacting with said movable conte t members, a main n1agn-et for operating the switch lever to close one set of said contact members, and a supplemental magnet opposing the action of the main magnet 'on said lever, the magnetic circuit of said supplemental magnet having an air gap including one set of said con tact members for blowing out the arcs formed at such contact members.

3. In a switch mechanism, the combina tion comprising a switch lever pivotet between its ends, contacts carried by the lever at the ends thereof, stationary contacts adapted to coact with the respective contacts on the lever, a. main operating magnet for moving the lever in one direction, asupplemental magnet adjacent the lever and arranged to act thereon in oppo 'tion to the main operating magnet, and means associated with the supplemental magnet and forming a magnetic gap at one pair of the aforesaid co-acting' contact member.

In a switch mechanism, the combination comprising an insulated bracket, a switch lever independently pivoted between its ends on the bracket, contact mem'lwrs carried by the lever at the ends thereof, stationary contact members adapted to coact with the respective contact members on the lever, a main operating magnet for moving the lever in one direction, a supplemental magnetadjacent the lever and arranged to act thereon in opposition to the main operating magnet, and means associated with the supplemental magnet and with the bracket and forming magnetic gap at one pair. of the aforesaid co-act-ing contact members.

5. In a switch mechanism for controlling and reversing electric motors, the combination of an insulated bracket, a switch lever independently pivoted between its ends on the bracket, contact members carried by the lever at the ends thereof, stationary contact members adapted to onset with the respective contact members on the lever, blocks supporting the several stationary contact members, an operating magnet for moving the lever in one direction, a supplemental magnet adjacent the lever and ar ranged to act thereon in opposition to the main operating magnet, means associated with the supplemental magnet and with the bracket and forming a. magnetic gap at one pair of the aforesaid co-acting contact members, and insulating plates at both sides of the gap carried by the supporting block for the corresponding stationary contact member.

6. In aswitch mechanism for controlling and reversing electric motors, the combination of two brackets insulated from each other, switch levers independently pivoted between their ends on the respective brackets and readily removable therefrom, a third bracket between the first said brackets, a third lever on the third bracket, contact members carried by the overs at the respective ends thereof, stationary contact members insulated from the brackets and from each other and adapted to co-act with the respective contact members on the levers, main operating magnets for moving the levers in one direction, two snpplen'iental magnets respectively adjacent the first said levers and arranged to act thereon in the opposite direction from the main operating magnets and means associated with the sup-' plemental magnets and with the first said brackets for forming magnetic gaps at the co -acting contact members at one end of each lever.

7. In av switch mechanism, the combination comprising two switch levers pivoted between their ends, contact members carried by the lovers near the ends thereof, stationary contact members adapted to co-act with the respective contact men'ibers on the lovers, a main operating magnet for each of said levers, a supplemental magnet located adjacent to each lever and arranged to act thereon in opposition to the associated main operating magnet, and an interlock switch operated by each supplemental magnet and included in the circuit of the opposite main magnet.

S. In a switch mechanism, the combination comprising two switch levers pivoted between their ends, contact members carried by the levers near the ends thereof, stationary contact members adapted to co-act with the respective contact members on the levers, a main operating magnet for each of said levers, a supplemental magnet located adjacent to each lever and arranged to act thereon in opposition to the associated main operating magnet, and an interlock switch operated by each supplemental magnet, the lower set of contact mei'nbers operated by each switch lever and the associated interlock switch being connected in circuit with the opposite main magnet.

9. 1n a switch mechanism, the combination con'iprising two switch levers pivoted between their ends, contact members caried by the levers near the ends thereof, stationary contact members adapted to co-act with the respective contact members on the lovers, a main operating magnet for each of said levers, a supplemental magnet located adjacent toeach lever and acting in opposition to the main magnet, the magnetic circuit of each supplemental magnet being arranged to form an air gap including the upper set of contact members operated by the associated switch lever, and an interlock switch operated by each supplemental magnet, the lower set of contact members op erated by each switch lever and the associated interlock switch being connected in circuit with the opposite inain magnet.

10, In a switch mechanism for controlling and reversing electric motors, the combination of two brackets insulated 'lI'Oln each other, two switch levers independently pivoted between. their ends on the respective brackets and readily rcznovaliile therefrom, contact ineinbers carried by the levers at the respective ends thereof, each contact n'ieinber being electrically connected \vi the body or the corres vending lever, ctationary contact nienibers insulated from the b 'aclcets and from each other and. adapter to be engaged by the respective contact inen'ihers on the love operating magnets "for the levers, and readily detacl'iable electrical connections extending; to the levers, the mounting and connection for each lever being such that it can be reely and inde pendently removed from he reniaiuer oi the mechanism.

11. 111 a switch mechanism for controlling and reversing electric motors, the combinm tion of two brackets insulated from each other, two switch levers imlependentl pivoted between their ends on the respective brackets and readil reinovable there'lron'i, contact inen' hers carried by the levers at the respective ends thereof, each contact member being electrically connected with. the body of the corresponding lever, stittionary contact ineinbers insulated. from the ln'aclzets and from each other and adapted to be en geged by the respective contact members on the levers, ope ating' magnets for the levers, mounted on the corresponding bracl ts, and readily detachable electrical. connections crtending to the levers, the mounting and connection for each lever sing such that it can he :t'reely and independently removed from the ren'iainder the lllQCllfllilSU'l.

12. In a svich iechanisin for controlling and reversing electric motors, the coinh'nation. of three b acliets insulated from Hell other, thr \e switch levers independently pivoted between their ends on the respcu tive brackets and readily removable thcrefrom, contact n ieinliiers carried by the vers at the respective ends thereoii, one contact being insulated lironi the hod o" the corresponding lever and each other contact HlQlUlJOl being electrically connected with the body of the corresponding ever, stationary contact ineinbers iiisnlated from the brackets and from. ach other and adapted to be engaged by the respective contact members on the levers, operating nrs nets tor the levers, readily detachable elc .l connections extending to the levers, and a ll ipleniental detahablc electrical conncc .ion extending to the aforesaid insula'ed contact lllOll'lloOl' on one or the lovers, the niountingand connection for each; lever being such that it can be freely and indepemlentl; removed from. the reuiaii'ider of the mechanism.

In testimony X 'llQl'QOl, 1 hereto alii): my

nature.

Hill; OLD L. llliO'Ul).

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