US1511275A - Radiator - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 14, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOI-IN M. FEDDERS, OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO FEDDERS MANUFACTUR- ING COMPANY, INC., 0F BUFFALO, NEW YORK,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

RADIATOR.

Application led May 1, 1922.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. FEDDERs, a citizen of theJ United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a radiator which is more particularly designed for cooling the water of gas 'engines which are used for propelling' automobiles and the like and has for its object the production of a radiator of this character which has a greater cooling efliciency, which is stronger and more durable and in which the metal is not stretched to an extent which would be liable to cause leakage.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a fragmentary front elevation of a radiator embodying my invention. FiguresQand 3 are fragmentary vertical sections of the same taken on the correspondingly numbered lines in F ig. 1. Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken on line 4 4, Fig. 1. Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the tubes shown in Figs. 1-4.

Similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views.

In its general organization, this radiator comprises a plurality of upright water pas sages or channels 10, a plurality of horizontal air passages 11 arranged between the water passages, an upper header 12 conimunicating with the upper ends of the water channels, and a lower header 13 communieating with the lower ends of the water passages.

In practice, the water which circulates around the gas engine for cooling the same is conducted to the upper water box, thence passes downwardly through the water passages 10 whereby the same is cooled by the air passing through the air passages 11, thence into the lower header and thence back again to the engine to be used over again 'in the well known manner of circulating water for this purpose.

The core of this radiator which contains the plurality of water and air passages is Serial No. 557,619.

made up of a plurality of tubes which are arranged horizontally side by side, so that together they form a cellular structure. In the construction shown in Figs. 1-5, each of these tubes is made of thin sheet metal such as copper, brass or other suitable alloy, which tube has acentral body 14 and two collars 15, 15, at opposite ends of the same, said body and collars being made of a single sheet of metal.

In the preferred construction, the body of the tube is oblong in cross section with the major axis vertical and the minor axis horizontal. The upper and lower walls 16, 17 of the'body are narrow, horizontal and iiat throughout their length while the upright side walls 18, 19 of the same are wider than the upper and lower walls. Each of the colla-rs of this tube in this instance is of hexagonal form circumferentially and provided with upper and lower horizontal yfacets 20, 20, each of which is flush with the adjacent horizontal wall of the body and is of the same width so as to vform practically an outward extension of the same, as clearly-shown in'Fig. 5. Between the upper and lower facets of each collar are two pairs of inclined facets 21, 21, each of which is equal in width circumferentially to one of the horizontal facets, and the members of leach pair of inclined facets connect ing the corresponding' ends of the adjacent upper and lower facets and converging toward each other and projecting laterally outward therefrom so as to form an oifset on the respective end ofthe adjacent upright wall of the` body of the tube.

A plurality of such tubes are assembled so that the horizontal walls and facets of each tube engage with the corresponding walls and facets of adjacent tubes and the linclined facets of each tube engage with the ing each other. Owing to the contact between the horizontal walls of the several tubes, there is no cross or horizontal circulation between the one vertical waterpassage and another, unless a tube should be imperfect in whi'h event no objectionable results will follow. After the tubes have been thus assembled, the opposite ends of the same are connected with each other by dipping them in solder or otherwise, thereby sealing the same and preventing leakage of water from the water passages.

For the purpose of slightly retarding the flow of water through the water passages and increasing the transmission of heat from the same to the air in the tubes, each of the latter is'pro'vided on the outer sides of its upright walls with laterally projecting embossments 22, the embossments in one wall of one tube being opposite the spaces between the embossments of an adjacent tube, whereby these embo'ssments are staggered relative to each other, as shown in Fig. Ll, and thereby form baffles which moderately obstruct the free flow of the water and ensure the maximum abstraction of the heat therefrom. c

In a radiator thus constructed, a direct radiation of heat from the water to the air in the tube is effected by the vertical or upright walls of the tubes and an indirect radiation of heat from the water to the air takes place through the medium of the upper and lower horizontal walls of the tubes which engage each other but do not come in direct contact lwith the water. By thus carrying the heat of the water to the air partly by a direct course and partly by an indirect course, it has been found that a much greater cooling efficiency upon the water is obtained than when the water is cooled wholly by direct means or wholly byk indirect means. j v

By contacting the tubes with each other throughout their length, a much stronger structure isproduced which is not liable to give way under the severest strains while in use. Furthermore, Va much more rapid circulation of water through the core of the radiator is possible owing to the water passages extending in straight lines from the upper to the lower headers, j

@wing to the absence of a horizontal passage between adjacent tubes, cross circulation of water in the core is avoided which prevents free flow ofthe water through the vertical passage and also eliminates the possibility of dirt lodging between the tubes and reducing the efficiency of the radiator.

By contracting the tubes only on two sides and leaving the other two sides full width, more air is permitted to pass through the tube vand thus secure greater `cooling capacity.

Moreover, by constructing tubes in this manner, practically no stretching or cracking of the metal occurs inasmuch as the upright walls of the tube are formed by bending inwardly the respective parts of the tubular blank slightly and bending outwardly those parts of the same Vwhich form the offsets to such an extent only as amounts to merely displacing or yshifting the metal without any appreciable stretching of the same, thereby permitting of using a much lighter gage of metal which not only reduces the cost of making the radiator but also increases the eiiiciency of the same owing to the more rapid transmission of heat through the metal as the thickness o-f the same is reduced.

The tubes may sheet metal or of sheet metal with a lock seam in any approved manner. When assembled, the tubes may be wholly submerged in solder or only dipped at the ends of the same for uniting them.

I claim as my invention:

1. A tube for radiators having a body provided with upper and lower horizontal walls and upright walls connecting the horizontal walls, ranged at opposite ends of the body and each havingupper and lower horizontal facets which are in line with the upperv and lower walls of the body and pairsy ofinclined lateral facets forming a V which connects the horizontal facets and projecting laterally beyond the upright walls of the body.

2. A tube for radiators having a vbody which is oblong in cross section, the major axis being vertical and the minor axis horizontal andwhich has upper and lower horizontal walls and upright walls connectii'ig the upper and lower walls, and'collars arranged at opposite ends of-the body and each having upper and lower horizontal facets which are flush with the upper and lower walls of the body, and upright facets which connect the upper and lower horizontal facets and project laterally beyond the outer sides of the upright walls of the body.

3. A radiator core consisting of aplurality of tubes each of which has abody provided with upper and lower. horizontal walls and upright walls connecting the horizontal walls, and hexagonal collars arranged at opposite ends` of the body and having upper and lower horizontal facets which are flush with the upper and lower walls of the body and pairs of inclined lateral facets which project laterally beyond the upright walls of the body in the form of a V, the horizontal walls and facets of each tube engaging with the corresponding walls and facets of adjacent tubes and the laterally projecting pairs of inclined facets engaging with the corresponding facets of adjacent tubes. j

and hexagon collars arbe made either seamless of 4. A tube for radiators having a body body and lateral facets which project latprovided with upper and lower horizontal erally beyond the upright walls of said walls and upright walls connecting the horibody, the upper and lower facets of the col- 10 Zontal walls, and collars arranged at oplars being equal in width to the upper and 5 posite ends of said body and each having lower horizontal Walls of the body.

upper and lower horizontal facets which are flush with the upper and lower walls of said JOHN M. FEDDERS.

Images