US1506585A - Burner - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 26 1924.

H. HOWIE BURNER Filed Dec. l0 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet l H. HOWIE lAug'. 26, 41924.

BURNER Filed Dec. 10. 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 2- J Wm H. HOWIE Aug. `26, 1924.

BURNER Filed Dec. lO 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 H. HOWIE BURNER Aug., 26. 1924.-

Filed Dec. 15o.

1923 4 snetg-sneet 4 guna/Moz Patented Aug. 23, i924.

How-ann Howie, or nocKvroon-:rnnrin-SSEE, AssIoNon-To-R-QANE rRoN COMPANY,

or RocKwooo.,Y .a oonroaa'rron or TENNESSEE..

SB UfRNER.

Application filed;December'10,v 1923. `Serial No. 679,840.

To @ZZ ywhom t al1/Ley concer/lt.'

Be it known that Ll-IowARD'I-Iowln, va citizen of the United States, residing at Rockwood, in thecounty of Roane .andState 5 of Tennessee, have inventednew.andnsef-ul improvements in Burners, of which the following is a specification.

The present'invention'frelates togaseous fuel burners, and has for its object-theprol vision of a burner intended for use Vin connection with boilers, although it may be used on heating furnaces, andrhot blast stoves, or for any other purpose where heatis required. in object of the invention is' to providefa l burner which will' insure the thorough, combustionl of the gas, orgases,gand theproper commingling. .of lthe gas and air.

A further object of the invention is to provide means forf regulating the admission lof air into the: body of the-burnen'and to provide for the blending of both air under; pressure and induced or .aspirated airwiththe fuel gas.

rhe present invention relates to burners'of the generalA type disclosed in the patent to Bradshaw, No. 1,157,8t1,= October 2G, 1915,

this invention being an improvement upon the structure disclosed in that patent.

In employing burners of this type,` it has been found desirable to provide airnnder pressure to commingle with the gases,'and

also to afiord a plurality of separated jets for the gaseousfuel which will initially direct the fuel into the burnerin separated streams, the burner being constructed to maintain the streams separatednntil; they are about to be discharged fromfthe: burner.

has, 1n its upper and lower walls, a plurality Referring to;4 the: accompanying drawings, wherein there is shown one embodimentfo'f the invention,

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view.

Fig, 2 is a front elevational view.

Figz is a bottom plan.

Fig. et isa vertical section.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 55 of Fig. 4, looking in the'direction of the arrows. A

Fig'. 6 is a sectionaldetail on the line 6-G of F ig. 4, looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinalsectional view of theinain body portion of the casing taken on theline 7 7 of Figs, andshowing the burner provided with-aremovable tipv a Fig. 8 is aghorizontal ysection on the line 8 -8 j?.

Referring to.r the drawings for a inoredetailed description, 10 indicates a casing havinganopen combustion end 11, the body section yof which, shown more -olearlyin :Figures r2`r and 4, Vhas a transversely. extending obstruction 12. The-obstruction, at the combustion end,as will be noted, is comparatively narrow, and iaresrearwardly, having upper and lower surfaces 13, 14, `whichgzare inclined in the direction. of the top and bottomwvalls of the casing to-provide passages 15, 16, which become constricted towards the rear end of the casing.

rlhe obstruction may be cast `integrally with the casing, and, as indicated in Figure it, is preferably hollow. Itfmay, at times, be found desirable to provide `the burner witha. removable tip. A suitable construction is indicated in Figures 7 and S; in these figures the obstructionisformed -with a-substantially vertical front .wallf19, and rods 17 secured in the rearwa'll 18 project from openings in the'front-wallinto a. removable burner tip 19 which -ma-y-be constructed of lire brick or othersuitable refractory material. The tip 19 is Vformed -asa ltransversely extending web -of a casing, extension 11', the tipfportion 19 of the extension. be-

ing reinforced. by a vertical web 19 shown in crosssection inFigure S. By making the tip removable it may be taken `-from the .burnerfor cleaning and for'renewal when worn.

.Referringmore particularly toFigures 5 and 7, it-will be'y noted that the.v obstruction of-.openingse20,communicating with the passages15,16,;;and through which. ant-entering'the'obstruction may he admittedy to the.

passages. At the sides, the easing is provided -wiiftl'r openings Qlftlnough which air may enter the-obstruction from conduit 9.3 (Fig. 5),--which, preferably, encirclesthe casing so asfto direct air'throughtheside openings 21, `and\into'thepassages 1.5, :16.

Additionally,i the casing'l has: a: series of open.

ings 24 in its; top. and bottom-.walls (Figure 5)- through which air under pressureY enters the passagesl and'16 directlyfronr thereonduit Q3.

At its rear end the body portionbffthe casing V:has pair ofi substantially'parallel CTI transverse webs 26, 27, which are spaced by a substantially U-shaped web 28, having top and bottom walls 29 forming with the webs 26, 27, jets 30, through which gaseous fuel may be directed into the constricted portions of the passages 15 and 16, and longitudinally of the casing toward the combustion end 11.

A hood 31 of sheet metal, or other suitable material, is fastened, as at 32, to the casing, and serves to direct the fuel through the jets 30. Any suitable regulating means for the gas (not shown) may be positioned in the conduit 32 communicating with the hood.

It will be found desirable to permit the induction of air by the stream of gaseous fuel in addition to the air under pressure flowing through the conduit 23 into the casing. For this purpose, the body of the casing has, adjacent the rear end of the obstruction, a passage 35, which communicates with openings 37 in a closure plate 38 above the jets and between the conduits 23 and 32', so that the streams of gaseous fuel entering the passages at the constructed portions thereof, with a comparatively high velocity, serve to draw the air through the openings and into the passa-ges.

At the bottom ofthe body portion of the casing, an induced air passage 36 is closed by plate 39 having a series of openings 40 therein, through which the induced air may pass. The openings in the plates 37 and 39 are controlled by sliding dampers 42 having openings 43 therein adapted to be movcd into and out of registry with the openings in the plates. The top damper is maintained in selected position by means of a stud 41 extending through the dan'ipers and secured in each plate. A compression spring 41 surrounding the stud serves to press an abutment 41 against the damper, and hold the same in any position to which it is moved. A lever 45 may be provided for operating the bottom damper, the same being fulcrumed upon a. pin 47, and having a forked end which engages a stud 46 upon the damper. Straps 46 (Fig. secured to the casing extend across the damper and hold the same in position, the damper having depending side ribs 43 engaging the straps.

It may be noted, at this point, that the openings 20, in the obstruction, as well as the openings 24 in the top and bottom of the casing, all of which are for the air under pressure, are located so as to admit the air into the constricted portions of the passages, assuring a commingling `of the air and gases as promptly as possible after the admission of the gases into the burner, and thereby affording time for proper commingling of the same.

It will be observed lthat the amount of duced air entering the burner may be nicely controlled. Under certain circumstances, it may be also desirable to regulate the supply of air under pressure, and, for this purpose, the bottom of the conduit 23 (Figures 4 and 5) is closed by a transversely extending plate 50, having a series of openings 51 therein, which are normally closed by means of a sliding damper 52, adapted to be retained in position by means of a pin 53 extending through a slot y54, and surrounded by a spring 55 which serves to maintain the damper in frictional engagement with the plate 50.

Obviously, the openings 52', in the damper, may be moved in and out of registry with the openings 51 in the plate 50, and when these openings are brought into registry, soot and dust which settle from the gas may be periodically removed to prevent obstruction of the gas opening.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that both air under pressure and induced air, or either alone, may be mixed withtheV gaseous fuel, both being introduced into the constrioted portions of the passages 15, 16. At the points where the air and gases meet, the gas and air have considerable velocity, but as they approach the open combustion end of the casing, the velocity head decreases. The streams in the passages 15, 16, approaching to the tip of the obstruction, where they meet, commingle prior to combustion; by the separation of these streams imtil the air and gases in each stream are l thoroughly commingled, and thesubsequent blending of the separate streams, there is obtained a more intimate mixture of air andi.

gas than is possible when the entire body of gas entering the burner is mixed with the air. The obstruction serves to divide the gas into separate portions, and also to divide the air so that after the separate portions are mixed, the two streams are combined 'at the combustion end of the casing.

It should be understood that numerous modifications may be made in the structure illustrated and described without departing from the scope of the invention.

I claim 1, A gas burner comprising a casing, an obstruction extending transversely of said casing and having two surfaces which diverge from an openV combustion end of the casing inwardly toward opposite walls forming narrowing passages between the obstruction and the walls of the casing, the casing having a series of air inlet openings adjacent the narrow portion of said passages, means for directing a forced air draft through said openings and into the passages, the casing being provided with additional air inlet openings. for induced air adjacent the widest portion of said obstruction, means for regulating the size of said last mentioned llt) toward the opposite walls-of the casing to fori-n narrowing lpassages .therethrough beportimis ofv said 1 passages, means Y fo-r controlling. said -last- Vmentioned inlet openings,

anrdffueljets,l positioned rearwardly of. said obstruction adapted to direct fuel through the-passages in -said casing.

A gas burner comprising a casing havfingianopen combustion end and a series of openings in. its wall,v aconduit for `airunder :pressure communicating with the interior ofthe: casing through .said series of openings,A an obstruction in said casing extendtween the --fobstruction and the wall of the casing, the-easinghaving air inlet openings adj acentf the f narrower portions offsard passages, means for .directing aforcedair draft through said openings-,the said casing havingadfditional inlet openings for induced air adjacent the rear end of saidobstruction and-above and below the same, means for yregulatingthe-size of. said last mentioned ing transversely of the. same and forming two` lseparated passages, the obstruction being yrelatively narrow at said combustion lenfd of 1thecasixn-gfand flaring toward the rear end thereof: to narrow said passages,-saidseries of opemngsadmitting the air under pressure into saidfpassages adjacentfthe rear end `of Vsaid obstruction, .andr the casing having a 1 series ofopenings for induced air adapted to inlet openingspand-fuel jets positioned rearwai-diy ofzsaid obstruction adapted to direct fuel through the passage in. said casing.

3. 1A gas burner comprising a-casing, having an open combustion end, an obstruction extend-ing transverselyy of. said casingv and dividing the same into two compartments, said-obstructionincreasing in width from the outer combustion and where it is relatively narrow toward the rear of tli-e casing to form passages on opposite sides of the obstruction which become constricted toward the rear end of the same, said casing having air inlet openings adjacent the rear end of said obstruction, means for directing a forced air draft through said openings, the casing being provided with a series of openings to admit induced air into the constricted portions oit said passages, means for controlling said last mentioned inlet openings, and fuel jets positioned rearwardly from said obstruction adapted to direct fuel through the passages in said casing.

4. A gas burner comprising a casing, having an open combustion end7 an obstruction extending transversely of said casing and dividing the same into two compartments, said obstruction increasing in width from the outer combustion end where it is relatively narrow toward the rear of the casing to form passages on opposite sides of the obstruction which become constricted toward the rear end of the same, said casing having air inlet openings adjacent the rear end of said obstruction, means for directing a forced air draft through said openings, the casing having additional inlet openings adapted to admit air into the ends of said obstruction at the sides of the easing, and the obstruction having adjacent its rear end openings to permit air from the interior thereof to pass into said passages, the casing being provided with a series of openings to admit induced air into the eonstricted directthe samey into the constrieted portions of;.sa-id passages, means for regulating the sides,l of said lastmentioned openings, and a fueljet for each passage positioned at; the

crear. end of the .obstruction-and,adaptedto direct fuel longitudinallyof) the, passage 6. .Algas burner comprisingk a casing havying-an open eombustionnend land a series of openings fin' its walla conduit for air under pressure extending around said casing and communicating with the interior of the casing through said series of openings, an obstruction in said casing extending transversely of the same and forming two separated passages, the obstruction being relatively narrow at said combustion end of the casing and flaring toward the rear end thereof to narrow said passages, said series of openings admitting the airy under pressure into said passages adjacent the rear end of said obstruction, and the casing having a series of openings for induced air adapted to direct the same into the constricted portions of said passages, means for regulating the size of said last mentioned openings, and a fuel jet for each passage positioned at the rear end of the obstruct-ion and adapted to dire-ct fuel longitudinally of the passage.

7. A gas burner comprising a casing having an open combustion end and a series of openings in its wall, a conduit for air under pressure extending around said casing and communicating with the interior of the casing through said series of openings, an obstruction in said casing extending transversely of the same and forming two separated passages located above and below said obstruction, the obstruction being relatively narrow at said combustion end of the casing and Haring toward the rear,` end thereof to narrow said passages, said series of openings admitting the air under pressure into said passages adjacent the rear end of said obstruction, and the easing having a series of openings for induced air adapted to direct the same into the constricted portions of said passages, means for regulating the size of said last mentioned openings, and a .fuel `iet for each passage positioned at the rear end of the obstruction and adapted to direct fuel longitudinally of the passage.

8. A gas burner comprising a casing having an open combustion end and a series of openings in its wall, a conduit for air under pressure communicating with the interior of the casing through said series of openings, an obstruction in said casing extending transversely7 of the same and forming two separated passages, the obstruction being relatively narrow at said combustion'end of the casing and Haring toward the rear end thereof to narrow said passages, said series of openings admitting the air under pressure into said passages adjacent the rear end of said obstruction, and the casing having a series of openings for induced air adapted to direct the same into the constricted portions of said passages, means for regulating the size of said last mentioned openings, and a fuel jet for each passage positioned at the rear end of the obstruction and adapted to direct Yfuel longitudinally of the passage.

9. A gas burner comprising a casing having an open combustion end and a series of openings in its wall, a conduit for air under pressure extending around said casing and communicating with the interior of the casing through said series of openings, an obstruction in said casing extending transversely of the same and forming two separated passages located above and below said obstruction, the obstruction being relatively narrow at said combustion end of the casing and flaring toward the rear end thereof to narrow said passages, said series of openings admitting the air iuider pressure into said passages adjacent the rear end of said obstruction and into said obstruction through the sides thereof, there being openings in the wall of the obstruction permitting forced air directed into the obstruction to pass into said passages, and the casing having a series of openings for induced air adapted to direct the same into the constricted portions of said passages, means for regulating the size of said last mentioned openings, and a fuel jet for each passage positioned at the rear end of the obstruction and adaptedto direct fuel longitudinally of the passage.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set m hand.

y HOVAR-D HOWIE.

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