US1502914A - Compressor or like device - Google Patents

Description

July 29 1924. 1,502,914

' H. B. JOY

COMPRESSOR OR LIKE DEVICE eSrila e. .2.4. .1917 2 sheets-sheer 1 maar@ Ifema? bblog,

July 29', 1924. 1,502,914

H. B. JOY

COMPRESSOR OR LIKE DEVICE Filed Dec. 2Q, 1917 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July 29, 1 924.

j Iuni-'mn's'r"'..rle:s PATENT orsi-cr..

HENRY B. J'IOY, OF DETRDIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIG-NOR, BY MSNE ASSIGNMENTS, T0

-DELCO-LIGHT COMPANY. E DAYTON,

OHIO, A CORIBOIRATIONfOF DELAWARE.

COMPRESSOR. on LiKE DEVICE.

Application led December 24, 1917.A Serial No. 208,627.

To all who/m, it may concern.'

Be' it known that I, HENRY B. JOY, a citi.`

zen of the United States, and resid-ent of Detroit, Wayne County, State of lVlichigan, have invented certain new and useful Im-.

provements in Compressors or like Devices,

of which the following is a speciii'cation.

This invention relates to compressors or like devices where it is desirable'to have a tight joint between a'. rotating shaft and the ing the refrigerant, the compressor includ l0 ing a crank case, and a crank shaft journa-led in bearings in having one end extending through the wall of the crank case for transmitting .power into the .interior thereof. In such cases the refrigerant is usually drawn into the crank case of the compressor and then bylpassed to the cylinders and.there-`compressed. It is important therefore that the crank case shall be both fluid and gas tight. It is one of the objects of the present invention to. produce a structure that will obtain such tightness of the crank case Iand maintain it through a long period of operation of the compressor.

Other objects Aof the invention will appear from the following! description taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which:

-l `ig. v1 is afvertical sectional View of a compressor embodying the invention; 40

'form Aof the joint' between the crank shaft and the casing;

Fig. 2 is an' enlarged detail section of the ioating ring shown iii-Fig.' 1 and is on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3;

Figs. 3 and 4 are slde views of said ring;

bearing ring shown in Fig. 5.

ln'small compressors for refrigerating ap' paratus of the household type, such as that mitted through'. a rotary shaft passing the wall thereof and its bearings, there being spring 'means for 'thrusting the entire shaft endwise and to gether.

Fig. 1 1s' aseetion illustrating ano-ther" 6 and 7 are'side views ofgthe 'ring' illustated and in which the power isftrans-- throughthe wall of the crank case, great difficultyhas `been experienced in prevent ing leakage of gas along the shaft, owingto the short bearings formed in such small machines, the bending 0f the crank shaft when the compressor stops under compression I even though the crank shaft is originally perfectly machined, the assumption of a permanent bend in the crank shaft as it ages, and for other reasons. The prevention. of such leakage, however small, becomes a'matter of prime importance in the successful operation of household refrigerators owing to the fact that'the latter-are intended-for installation in isolated places and for operation without the 'ca.re of an attendant.- T hepresent invention contemplates.overcoming -this difficulty by providing the crank case and crank shaft with intertting sealing means having cooperating ground surfaces' so mounted, 'constructed and arranged as to seal theA casing under all conditions of alinement and misalinement of the shaftin force the cooperating ground Isurfaces-to- Referring to the drawings, 10 represents the crank case 'and 11 the1 cylinders of a compressor or' similar device. The compressor here illustratedis of the typeused in connection with small refrigeriating units for -compressing the refrigerant. The crank Voase is mounted upon a stand 12. which in this instance also forms'- the bottom cover ofthe crank case. One end of the crank case .is formed with an opening 13 over which is 'a detachable cover 14C secured to the crank case as by bolts 15.

The cover' 111A also therethrough has an opening entirely and forms aj relatively short 4bearing 1 6 `for the crank shaft 17 'of the compressor. The crank shaft has two crank i ins 18 upon which are-mounted the'large ends of theconnecting rods 19, on the lower ends .of which are scoops 2O which are adapted to dip into the lubricant*y in the bottom of the crank case and thus carry the ylubricant. directly to the crank pins 18 and -bysplash to the 'ot-herbearings within'the 105 crank case.l 'As shown, the other end of the crank 4 shaft is mounted in a bearing 21 formed inthe crank case, and the crank shaft end is drilled out to form a socketQQ in which isa sliding member 23 and e110.

p it is found best to spring 24 which holds the sliding member against a steel disk 25 at the end of the bearing 21. By this means it will be seen that the crank shaft is yieldingly pressed toward the left in Fig. 1 for 4a purpose that will be hereinafter described.

The bearings 16 and 21 are fed with lubricant by splash from the crank case through openings 26 and 27 respectively. The crank case is also provided with an inlet opening 28 through which the refrigerant enters to be bypassed to the cylinder.

.The crank shaftv 17 extends entirely throu h'the bearing 16 in which it is supporte and this extending end 29 is connected to a pulley 30 Ior other driving device, as by the key 31 and nut 32 and the crank shaft is thus given its rotary driving movement.

The extended end 29 of the crank shaft is shown somewhat contracted in size relative to the part 33 which operates in the bearing `16, so that a shoulder 34 is formed between the two parts 29 and 33. For the purposes of this invention this shoulder 34 is preferably in an exact transverse plane relative to the axis of the crank shaft and make it a ground surface.

The support or crank case, or that part of it comprising the bearing 16, is provided with a part 35 which is shown in the form of a threaded detachable ringsurrounding the contracted part 29 of the crank shaft. The crank shaft passes loosely through this ring 35 and between the shoulder 34 of the crank shaft and this ring 35 there is ar ranged a ring 36 which is preferably a oating ring, or, in other words, the ring 36 is not connected to either the crank shaft or its support. This ring 36 which is shown in detail in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 has a plane surface 37 which is transverse to itsaxis and which is adapted to co-operate with the plane surface 34 of the shoulder of the crank shaft 33 and this surface 37 is likewise preferably ground so that there may be a very nice fit between it and the surface 34.

The ring 36 and the ring 35 are formed with co-operating surfaces of a character that will permit of some slight misalinement of the shaft relative to its support without separation of these surfaces. As shown, .these surfaces are spherical in form and the radius of the sphere to which these surfaces conform is sufficiently great to warrant close contact between the surfaces as the crank shaft ispressed yieldingly in an axial direction. This pressure is constantly maintained by the spring 24 hereinabove referred to, or equivalent means. and it has been found that the radius of the sphere above referred to should be approximately the same as or greater than the diameter of the part of the shaft which is smrounded by similar lubricating material.

the ring 36, or, in other words, greater than the inner diameter of the ring 36. This is probably best illustrated in Fig. 2 where the radius a of the spherical surface 33 ot' the ring 36 is shown to be approximately the same, though a little greater than the inner diameter b of the ring 36. It has been lfound that where a much smaller radius is used or something different from a spherical surface is employed, the rings are liable to be wedged into each other or to be thrown out of alinement whereas these things do not occur with the ring shown in this application.

The ring 35 is also shown in detail in F igs 5 u and 7 and it will be understood thatits contact surface 39 also conforms to a sphere the radius of which is exactly the same as that of the surface Thus, in Fig. 5 the radius a is the same as the radius ar of Fig. 2. It will be understood further that the surfaces 38 and 39 are preferably ground surfaces for the purpose ofmaking a very nice fit between them, and in fact the fit between these two surfaces and the two plane surfaces 34 and 37 form practically a sealing contact so that as the surfaces are yieldingly pressed together there is actually no leakage past them even though they rotate on each other.

For the purpose of assisting this sealing action and preventing friction between the contacting surfaces, means are provided for supplying a lubricant to the surfaces and, as shown, these means are contained in the ring 36. Thus, the ring 36, as shown in Figs. 2, 3' and 4, has each of its contacting surfaces drillediwith a series of recesses 40 which.- may be filled with graphite or Preferably these recesses are drilled on a circle eccentric to the center of the ring, as shown by the dotted ring 40 in Fig. 4 so that the graphite may be distributed to all parts of the surface.

The ring 35 is shown as threaded into the cover 14 and is withdrawable by the ilse of a Spanner operating in the holes 41 in the outer surface of the ring.

Under most circumstances the graphite supplied to the contacting surfaces by the. ring 36 will be sufficient for all purposes. but in other cases it is found desirable to further supply the contacting surfaces of the ring 36 with lubricant. In the present' instance the cover 14 is formed with a pocket 42 for a. liquid lubricant of some kind and a ring 43, somewhat larger than the part 29 of the crank shaft, is hung on the shaft so that the ring dips in the lubricant in the pocket 42. This supplies lubrication in small quant-ities to the contracted part of the. crank shaft. and it finds its way along the shaft to the. ring 36 where it reaches the contacting surfaces thereof'A The outer end of the cover 14 is closed by a cap 44 which surrounds the end of the crank shaft and is threaded into the cover vforms the bearing for the crank lshaft is formed with a plane surface d4a which is preferably ground and is in a plane exactly transverse to the axis ofthe bearing 16 1 and is therefore parallel to the plane of the shoulder 34. In this form also, the ring '35 is not threaded into the crank case but is formed with a yplane surface 34b which rests against the surface 3411 on the'crank case part. The ring 35a is held in contact with said surface 348L by a locking ring 35 which preferably contacts only with the outer circumference of the ring 35 so that the` latterv ring is fitted nicely against the surface 34a. 1

By the above arrangement parallelism of the rings 36 and 35a is insured regardless of the accuracy of the threading in the crank case part.

Other forms may be used without departing from the spirit or scope of my invenv tion.

Having thus described my invention, what l'claim and desire to'secure by Letters Patent is 1. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a cylinder, a piston .operable in the cylin` der, a crank casing adapted to receive therein the refrigerant to be compressed, said crank casing having a relative short bearing formed in one wall thereof, a rotatable crank shaft having one end thereof supported in said bearing andextending through the wall of the crank casing,

means connecting the piston and the crank shaft, said casing wall being provided axially outward of and adjacent to said bearing with a bearing member surrounding the shaft and having a spherical surface, a shoulder on said shaft adjacent said bearing member, and a floating ring surrounding the shaft and in direct contact with said shoulder and the bearing member,

' said ring having a spherical surface to fit the spherical surface of the bearing member, the radius of said spherical surfaces approximating the diameter of the crank shaft at said ring.

. 2. A compressor for -refrigerating apparatus of the household type, comprising a cylinder, a piston operable in the cylinder, a crank casing adapted to receive therein the, refrigerant to be compressed, said crank casing having a relative short` bearing formed in one wall thereof, a rotatable crank shaft having one end thereof supported in said bearing and extending through the wall of the crank casing, means connectingthe piston and the crank shaft, said crank shaft having a contractedl part forming a transverse shoulder on the shaft adjacent to said bearing, a ring surrounding the contracted part of the shaft and in direct bearing contact with said shoulder, and a second ring detachably connected to the crank casing in engagement with the first ring, thel engaging surfaces of the two rings being spherical and of a radius greater than-the diameter of the shaft.

3. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a cylinder, al piston operable in the cylinder, a crank casing adapted to receive f therein the refrigerant to be compressed, said crank casing having a relative short bearing Aformed in one wall thereof,va ro.- tatable crank shaft having one end thereof supported in said bearing and extending through the wall of the crank casing, means connecting the piston and Asaid crank shaft, said casing and said shaft eachy being formed with transverse plane shoulders, the planes of said shoulders being parallel, two rings surrounding said shaft and having cooperating spherical faces,.said rings also having plane faces in engagement with the respective plane shoulders on said casing and said shaft.

4. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus comprising a bearing member, a shaft member and a floating ring on the shaft member bearing against both members in a generally axial direction, said ring having recesses in its bearing surfaces for graphite or other lubricant, and said recesses being disposed in a circular Series eccentric to the axis of the ring.

5. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore through its wall forming a relatively short bearing, the axially outer portion of said bore being counterbored forming a shoulder, a shaft within said case extending outside thereof and having a part rotatably supported by said bearing, the section of theshaft projecting from said bearing being of reduced diameter forming a shoulder, a packing ring loosely surrounding the reduced .shaft section and bearing against said shaft shoulder, a second ring bearing against said first ring, the outside diameter of said second ring being greater than the first, the contacting surfaces of said rings being spherical, and means holding said second ring against the first mentioned shoulder.

, 6. A compressor for refrigerating appa-- ratus of thehousehold type having a closed casing formed at each end with a hollow boss and at one side with one or more cylinders, one of said bosses being cast integratwith the casing and completely closed to the exterior and the other having an aperture therethrough to provide relatively a short shaft bearing surrounded by a shoulder, a bearingring clamped against said shoulder and having a spherical working face presented inwardly, a shaft journaled in said bosses and projecting through said aperture, a sealing ring carried by said shaft and engaging said bearing ring, a connecting rod operatively connected to said shaft and projecting into said cylinder, a spring inside the closed boss and forcing said shaft endwise so as to hold said bearing ring and sealing ring together, and driving means connected to the protruding portion of said shaft.

7. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a casing having shaft bearings formed therein1 a shaft member journaled in said bearings and having a crank integral therewith, one end of said shaft member projecting through the casing wall and provided with an annular shoulder having a bearing surface thereon, theshaft bearing for the projecting end of said shaft member being relatively short, interfitting sealing means between the shoulder and the adjacent wall of the casing so constructed. and arranged as to seal the casing during all conditions of alinement or misalinement of the shaft in its bearings, said sealing means including a shoulder formed in the casing wall and having a spherical bearing surface concentric with the shaft member, a bearing ring member interposed between said shoulders and having bearing surfaces cooperating with and conforming with the bearing surfaces onl said shoulders, and spring means within the casing and interposed between the casing and one end of the, shaft member to thrust the entire shaft member endwise and to force said bearing surfaces together.

' 8. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a casing having shaft bearings formed therein, a shaft member journaled in said bearings and having a crank integral therewith, one end of said shaft member projecting through the casing wall and provided with an annularshoulder having a bearing surface thereon, the shaft bearing for the projecting endv of said shaft member being relatively short, interlitting sealing means between the shoulder and the adjacent wall of the casing so constructed and arranged as to seal the casing during all conditions of alinement or misalinement of the shaft in the bearings, said sealing means including a bearing ring member surrounding the shaft member and having a bearing surface in engagement with said first-mentioned bearing surface and spring means within the casing and intei-posed between the casing and o-ne end of the shaft member to thrust the entire shaft member rndwise and to force said bearing surfaces together.

9. A compressor for refrigerating apparatus of the household type comprising a. easing having shaft bearings formed therein, a shaft member journaled in said bearings and having a crank integral therewith, one end o-f said shaft member projecting through the casing wall and provided with an annular shoulder having a bearing surface thereon, the shaft bearing for the projecting end o-f saichsliaft member being relatively short, interfitting sealing means between shoulder and the adjacent wall of the casing so constructed and arranged as to seal the casing during all conditions of alinement or misalinement of the shaft in the bearings, said'sealing means including a bearing ring member surrounding the shaft member and having a bearing surface in engagement with said first-mentioned bearing surface, and spring means introduced between one of said members and a part of the casing tending to automatically thrust the entire shaft member endwise and to force said bearing surfaces together.

ln testimony whereof I affix my signature.

HENRY B. JOY.

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