US1598654A - Shank and bit punch - Google Patents

Description

Fa TC @318 EM PLE'LMEI'JTS, MA KKNG.

Sept. 7 1926. 1,598,654

A. E. PETERS SHARK AND BIT PUNGH Fged Dec. 30 1925 J A J INVENTOR. Brenna ;{15 Mi' NEY Patented Sept. 7, 1926.,

LINETED S'H'A'ihh PATENT QFFICE.

ARTHUR E. PETERS, OF LITTLETON, COLORADO, ASSIGNOR TO INGERSOLL-RAND COM- PANY, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

SHANK AND BIT PUNCH.

Application'filed December 30, 1925.

This invention relates to punches, and more particularly to that type of punch which is adapted to hammer a pin into the bores at the shank and bit ends of drill steels and to hammer the pin out of such bores.

As is well known in the art, pin punches which are driven into hot steel articles become heated on entering the bore and become weoged there by their expansion, making it difiicult to extract the pin from the hole. It has been found desirable to provide at least as much force to drive the pin out of the bore as is provided in driving the pin in. The operation should preferably be performed very rapidly in order to perform the entire operation of pinning in and pinning out before the pin has become excessively heated. In this manner the pin is allowed to perform its work without being deformed. Devices for pinning in and pinning out drill steels have been constructed heretofore as exemplified in the constructions shown in patents to Smith No. 1,379,225, dated May 24, 1921; Bayles and Peters No. 1,509,220 of September 23, 1924; and Haight No. 1,463,134 of July 24:, 1923. In each of the above patents, the pin is driven into the bore of the drill steel by repeated blows of a hammer piston and thereafter driven out by repeated blows of the piston in the opposite direction. In the forms heretofore preferred, the punches have been provided with anvil blocks which are moved into and out of the path of the piston, depending upon the direction in which it is desired to drive the pin.

It is an object of this invention to improve the construction and operation of this type of shank and bit punch. This is ac complished in this embodiment by driving heavier blows in one direction or the other, depending upon the direction in which it is desired to drive the pin.

Another object of the invention is to simplify the construction, providing fewer moving parts and greater rigidity.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In the drawings in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts,

Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical section of a shank and bit punch constructed in ac- Serial No. 78,349.

cordance with the practice of the invention and shows the controlling throttle valve in a position to cause the hammer piston to drive the pin into the bore of the drill steel,

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the shank and bit punch showing the throttle valve in a position to cause the piston to drive the pin out of the drill steel, and

Figure 3 is a longitudinal vertical section of a modification of the invention.

Referring to the drawings and more particularly to Figures 1 and 2, the shank and bit punch comprises a cylinder A within which a hammer piston B is adapted to reciprocate. Preferably the cylinder A is provided with two bores C and D, the latter here being of smaller diameter than the former. The hammer piston B accordingly is provided with a head and a smaller tail portion E separated from the striking head by a neck F of smaller diameter than the bore C. A front head G is provided. at the forward end of the cylinder A and has a bore H to receive an anvil block J having a striking portion K of smaller diameter eX- tending through a correspondingly bored portion of the front head G into the cylinder A. A punch pin L is mounted in the anvil block J to this end provided with a socket or bore 0 to receive the end of the punch pin L. A removable pin P is adapted to hold the punch pin L in the bore 0 of the anvil block J. At the rear of the cylinder A there is provided a second anvil block Q having a projecting portion R extending into the bore D of the cylinder A.

The above described cylinder A and piston B cooperate to cause reciprocation of the hammer piston on the principle of the so-called valveless type of motive fluid engine in which the tail portion E of the hammer piston acts as a valve closing suitable admission ports through the ends of the cylinder and the striking portion of the piston B controls the atmospheric exhaust port S. Normally with such an arrange ment, the stroke of the hammer piston B 'is constant and dependent upon the position of the admission ports. It is by this invention desired to change the stroke of the piston and to shift its path so that if it is desired to drive the punch pin L forward (to the left), the hammer piston B will t e the t k g P n es f e a vil block J and if it is desired to drive the pin backward (to the right), the path of the hammer piston B will be changed so that the tail portion E will strike the inwardly extending portion R of the anvil block Q. In the latter case, in which the hammer piston strikes the rear anvil block Q, the shock being delivered to the anvil block Q, is transmitted through side bolts T preferably spaced from the cylinder A and rigidly connecting the rear anvil block Q to the front head G. The front head G is provided with a cap U suitably attached as by means of screw threads or other suitable engagement to the front head CT adapted to engage the anvil block J at a central flange V. In the driving-in opera tion of the punch pin L, it is understood that the hammer piston B strikes against the anvil block which directly imparts the blow to the punch pin L.

Means are provided by this invention to shift the path of the hammer piston B to strike one or the other of the anvil blocks J or Q, depending upon the direction in which it is desired to drive the punch pin L. This is accomplished by varying the proportionate powers of the forward and rearward blows of the hammer piston B. To this end one end of the cylinder A is provided with aplurality of admission ports to be controlled by the tail portion E of the piston B. In the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2 two admission ports IV and X are provided to control the supply of motive fluid to the forward (left) end of the cylinder A. The rear (right) end of the cylinder A is provided with a single admission port Y which is adapted to supply motive fluid to drive the piston B forward. A valve Z preferably of a rotary type is adapted to control the supply of motive fluid to the ports IV, X and Y. The valve Z may combine the functions of controlling the ports IV, X and Y and throttling as in this instance.

In the description it will be understood that pinning in means the operation in which the hammer piston B strikes the anvil block J to drive the pin L toward the left in the drawing, and pinning out means the operation of driving the punch pin L toward the right in the drawing. For pinning in it is desirable that the forward stroke of the hammer piston B be the powerful stroke, which causes the path of the hammer piston to be shifted toward the left. For pinning out, it is desirable that the back stroke of the piston B be the more powerful in order to shift the path of the piston toward the right to strike the rear anvil block Q. To this end the admission ports IV and X are spaced longitudinally in the smaller bore D and the valve Z is adapted to render the rearmost port IV ineffective.

The position of the valve Z for pinning in is shown in Figure 1 in which it will be seen that the rearmost admission port IV is blanked by the valve Z and motive fluid is supplied to the forward end of the cylinder from the inner chamber Z) of the valve through a radially cut port 0 and a corresponding passage (Z in the cylinder A to the space in the bore D behind the tail portion E of the piston B. As the piston B moves forward uncovering the admission port X, motive fluid is admitted to the port X and thence through a passage 6 in the cyl inder A to the space in front of the striking face of the piston B. Motive fluid supplied in this manner causes a reversal of the movement of the piston B driving the piston back to its starting point. As the piston travels back, the exhaust port S is uncovered permitting the motive fluid in front of the piston to escape.

To drive the piston B forward, motive fluid is supplied through a radial port into the admission port Y behind the head of the piston B which admission port is out off by the tail portion E of the piston reciprocating in the bore D. For pinning out, the valve Z is moved to the position shown in Figure 2. Motive fluid is then admitted to the passage (Z in the cylinder A through a radial port 9 in the valve Z correspending to the radial port 0 as before. The passage leading to the front end of the cylinder is then supplied with motive fluid through the admission port IV controlled by the tail portion E of the piston 13 through the cooperation of the valve Z which is provided with a groove h in the periphery of the valve Z adapted to provide communication between the admission port IV and the admission port X because of the longitudinal spacing of the admission ports IV and X, motive fluid is admitted earlier to the front end of the cylinder A and thus a greater amount of motive fluid is admitted to the front end of the cylinder as well as earlier in pinning in, this causes the piston B to stop more quickly and before reaching the front head G shortening its forward travel. The greater amount of motive fluid in the forward end of the cylinder A likewise causes a'more powerful back stroke of the piston B and in addition causes the rear face of the piston B to strike the rear anvil block Q. As above described the striking of the rear anvil block Q, erks the pin L out of the drill steel. Motive fluid for driving the piston B forward is admitted to the admission port Y through a radial port is in the valve Z corresponding to the port f.

In addition to the change of path of the piston to produce pinning in or pinning out, as the case may be, means is provided for shifting the cylinder A as the pinning M A. it N u in or pinning out operation proceeds. This means comprises a feed cylinder 0 preferably formed integrally with the cylinder A below the bore C and a piston p adapted to operate in the cylinder 0. A piston rod 9 attached to the piston head p is anchored at its other end to any suitable stationary abutment r. Means is provided for admitting motive fluid to the front and rear ends of the cylinder 0 through passages s and 2? respectively which are controlled by the valve Z. In pinning in and with the valve Z in the position as seen in. Figure 1, motive fluid is admitted to the passage 8 for supplying the front end of the cylinder with fluid under pressure through a radial port a in the valve. Simultaneously, any motive fluid which may be accumulated in the space behind the piston is exhausted to atmosphere through the passage 6 cooperating with a groove 12 in the periphery of the valve Z and communicating through a passage to with a groove 02 in the periphery of the valve Z which in all positions of the valve Z is in communication with a port 3 leading to atmosphere.

In pinning out and with the valve Z in the position shown in Figure 2, motive fluid is exhausted from the front of the piston 9 through the passage 8 and the groove 00 to atmosphere by way of the passage y. Simultaneously, motive fluid is admitted hehind the piston p, to pull back the cylinder A, through a radial port a communicating with the passage t.

In pinning in the pressure in front of the piston p pushes the cylinder forward so that the flange H of the anvil block J is pressed against by the front head G. In this position the striking portion K of the anvil block J extends well into the cylinder bore C to be struck by the piston B as shown in Figure 1. In pinning out, the cylinder A is to be pulled back by pressure behind the piston 79 causing the flange H to be pulled against by the cap U withdrawing the striking portion K of the anvil block J from the cylinder bore C. In this position (Figure 2) the hammer piston B cannot in any way strike the front anvil block J.

The rear anvil block Q is substantially stationary. Slight movement is, however, permissible and a slight clearance between the rear end of the cylinder A and the anvil block Q, is left to permit the strikin portion of the anvil block Q to extend slightly into the smaller bore D of the cylinder A when pinning out. Such movement, however is not essential to the operation of the device,

it being understood that the rear anvil block Q is struck in all cases of pinning out and not the rear face of the cylinder A which might be damaged by the blows of the hammer piston B.

T p n punch may be mounted on any suitable device such as a drill sharpener of a well known construction. Preferably the cylinder A is slidable on guides such as the rods 52 mounted on a suitable base 3 and stationary with respect to the abutment 1*. It is found more desirable to clamp the drill steel such as shown at 4: between the clamping jaws 5 rather than that the drill steel 4 be held manually.

In the modification shown in Figure 3, there are provided a pair of spaced admission ports 6 and 7 for varying the amount of motive fluid supplied to the cylinder bore C behind the piston B as well as for varying the time of admission of such motive fluid. The admission ports 6 and 7 replace the single admission port Y of the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2. A single admission port 8 is provided to the rear of the cylinder bore C instead of the two admission ports W and X of Figures 1 and 2. In the modification shown in Figure 3, the force of the backward blow of the hammer piston B remains substantially the same, being terminated by additional air pressure or compression behind the piston B due to the earlier admission of motive fluid through to the port 7 in pinning out.

The ports in the valve Z cooperating with the ports 6 and 7 differ from the port arrangement of the valve Z. The valve Z is provided with a radial port 9 which is adapted to register with the port 6 for pinning out and with the port 7 for pinning in.

The operation of the modification shown in Figure 3 with respect to the shifting of the path of the hammer piston B is as follows: For pinning in the valve Z is turned to a position in which a port 0 registers with the port cl and the radial port 9 registers with the port 7. Motive fluid is then supplied from the inner chamber 6' of the valve Z through the port 0 and the passage d to the space in the bore D behind the tail portion E of the piston B. Motive fluid is also supplied through the port 9 and the admission port 7 to the space behind the head of the piston B to drive the hammer piston. The hammer piston B moves forward and strikes the striking end K of the anvil block J. The head of the piston B passes the exhaust port 8, exhausting motive fluid behind the piston to atmosphere. The tail portion E closes the port 7 cutting off the supply of motive fluid to the rear of the head of the piston B. On the forward motion of the piston B, the admission port 8 leading to the passage 6 to the front of the cylinder A is uncovered by the tail portion E of the piston B admitting motive fluid to the forward face of the piston B to drive the piston B back. Due to the early opening of the admission port 7 by the tail portion E of the piston B, the motion of the piston B is curtailed so that the rear anvil block Q is not struck, The reciproca- &

tion of the piston 13 continues until the supply of motive fluid is cut off by turning the valve Z.

In pinning out the valve Z is turned to the position shown in Figure 3 at which motive fluid is still supplied to the passage d through the port g. In this position of the valve Z, motive fluid for varying the stroke of the piston B is supplied through the rearmost admission port 6 and not through the forwardmost admission port 7. This provides an early out off of motive fluid supplied to the rear face of the head of the piston B by the tail portion E and results in a lighter forward blow of the hammer piston B. Due to the lightness of the forward blow, the motive fluid admitted by way of the port 8 to the front end of the cylinder A stops the piston B earlier than in pinning in and the path of the piston B at the front end of the cylinder A is shortened. Motive fluid admitted through the port 8 uncovered by the tail portion E of the piston B causes the piston to move toward the back head Q. Because of the late admission of motive fluid through the admission port 6 to retard the backward motion of the piston B, the piston B is caused to move farther backward than in pinning in and strikes the back head Q to drive the pin L out of the drill steel 4. The feed mechanism of the device may be the same in the modification shown in Fig ure 3 as that illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. In this case the ports in the valve Z with the feed mechanism are likewise the same.

The inner chamber 6 of the valve Z is connected in any suitable manner with a source of motive fluid such as for instance a pipe 10.

I claim:

1. In a shank and bit punch for drill steels, the combination of means for holding the drill steel, a hammer cylinder, a forward anvil block mounted in the cylinder, a pin carried by said anvil block and adapted to enter the drill steel, a rearward anvil block for the cylinder, a fluid actuated reciprocating hammer piston in said cylinder adapted to hammer the pin into the drill steel by repeated blows against the forward anvil block in one direction and hammer the pin out of the drill steel by repeated blows against the rearward anvil block in the opposite direction, and means for shifting the path of said piston to cause said piston to strike one or the other of said anvil blocks depending upon whether the pin is to be driven into or out of the drill steel.

2. In a shank and bit punch for drill steels, the combination of means for holding the drill steel, a hammer cylinder, a forward anvil block mounted in the cylinder, a pin carried by said anvil block and adapted to enter the drill steel, a rearward anvil block for the cylinder, at fluid actuated reciprocating hammer piston in said cylinder adapted to hammer the pin into the drill steel by repeated blows against the forward anvil block in one direction and hammer the pin out of the drill steel by repeated blows againstthe rearward anvil block in the opposite direction, and means for shifting the path of said piston to cause said piston to strike one or the other of said anvil blocks depending upon whether the pin is to be driven into or out of the drill steel, including means for delivering motive fluid in variable proportions to one end or the other of said cylinder.

3. In a shank and bit punch for drill steels, the combination of means for holding the drill steel, a hammer cylinder. a forward anvil block mounted in the cylinder, :1 pin carried by said anvil block and adapted to enter the drill steel, a rearward anvil block for the cylinder, a fluid actuated reciprocating hammer piston in said cylinder adapted to hammer the pin into the drill steel by repeated blows against the forward anvil block in one direction and hammer the pin out of the drill steel by repeated blows against the rearward anvil block in the opposite direction, and means for shifting the path of said piston to cause said piston to strike one or the other of said anvil blocks depending upon whether the pin is to be driven into or out of the drill steel, including means for varying the timing of motive fluid admission to one end or the other of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification.

ARTHUR E. PETERS.

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